Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Nontuberculous mycobacterial disease, especially pulmonary disease, is increasingly encountered by clinicians. Therapy of the most common nontuberculous mycobacterial pathogen, Mycobacterium avium complex, improved with the introduction of macrolide-containing regimens, but treatment for this and most other nontuberculous mycobacterial pathogens remains difficult. RECENT FINDINGS:Treatment trials with macrolide-containing regimens for Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease have yielded generally favorable outcomes. Studies consistently show that in-vitro susceptibility to macrolides remains the only in-vitro susceptibility for Mycobacterium avium complex that correlates with in-vivo response. Patients who have macrolide-resistant Mycobacterium avium complex isolates are much harder to treat and have higher mortality than patients with macrolide-susceptible isolates. Studies also consistently show that patients who fail therapy, even those who remain macrolide susceptible in vitro, are more difficult to treat than patients without previous therapy. SUMMARY:There have been no significant treatment advances for Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease, and nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in general, since the advent of the newer macrolides. It has become clear that the best opportunity for treatment success is the first treatment effort. It is also clear that protection against the emergence of macrolide-resistant Mycobacterium avium complex isolates is critically important. For further progress in the treatment of these pathogens, new and more active drugs must be developed.
journal_name
Curr Opin Infect Disjournal_title
Current opinion in infectious diseasesauthors
Griffith DEdoi
10.1097/QCO.0b013e328055d9a2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-04-01 00:00:00pages
198-203issue
2eissn
0951-7375issn
1473-6527pii
00001432-200704000-00015journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Cryptococcal meningitis causes significant mortality among HIV-infected patients, despite antifungal therapy and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). In patients with cryptococcal meningitis, ART is often complicated by immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), manifesting as unmasking of pr...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000224
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Strict adherence to clinical practice guidelines is recognized to improve outcomes but the inconvenient truth is that only a small subset of what is done in medicine has been tested in appropriate, well designed studies. In this article, we aim to review controversial aspects of the clinical managemen...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000684
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Invasive fungal infections are an escalating problem in paediatrics. The purpose of this review is to update the recent evidence on antifungal treatment options as well as to provide an outline of best practices in treating children. RECENT FINDINGS:Candida and Aspergillus species are the leading cau...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283460e22
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to summarize important papers concerning measles disease and measles-containing vaccines published in 2004. RECENT FINDINGS:Endemic measles has been successfully controlled in the Americas and, to a lesser extent, in Europe. This has been achieved with a high uptake of t...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000168383.93647.47
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Colonization of the host epithelia by pathogenic Escherichia coli is influenced by the ability of the bacteria to interact with host surfaces. Because the initial step of an E. coli infection is to adhere, invade, and persist within host cells, some strategies used by intestinal and extraintestinal E....
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000092
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Co-infection with Plasmodium falciparum malaria and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are implicated in the cause of endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL), the most prevalent pediatric cancer in equatorial Africa. Although the causal association between EBV and eBL has been established, P. falciparum malaria's role i...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e328349ac4f
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Fungal infections are prevalent in very low birthweight (<1500 g) infants and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. A better understanding of the adherence factors, molecular diagnostics and risk factors for invasive fungal infection are important in treatment and prevention. RECEN...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200406000-00014
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim is to describe and quantify the association between genitourinary tract infections and preterm birth. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent studies confirm the importance of identifying and treating both asymptomatic and symptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy, which is reflected in current antenatal screening...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e328360dc31
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a relatively rare, slowly progressive pulmonary syndrome due to Aspergillus spp. that requires specific knowledge in terms of disease entity, diagnosis, management and azole resistance. This review focuses on the recent understanding of CPA entity and the emerg...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32833ed694
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:HCV infection becomes chronic in 50-85% of cases. The treatment of chronic hepatitis C is currently based on a combination of pegylated interferon (IFN)-alpha and ribavirin. With this regimen, a failure to eradicate infection occurs in 18-24% of patients infected by genotype 2 or 3, and in 54-58% of p...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200312000-00012
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urinary tract infection is the second commonest infection encountered in both the community and the hospital setting. In order to avoid complications and to minimize the unnecessary use of antibiotics, it is essential to have a useful and rapid screening test to identify urinary tract infection. The presence of nitrit...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-199802000-00014
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Bacterial zoonoses are increasingly described in association with travel. Some bacterial zoonoses constitute important causes of post-travel illness. We focus on leptospirosis and rickettsiosis - the most common travel-associated bacterial zoonoses. RECENT FINDINGS:Leptospirosis is regarded to be the...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32834a1bd2
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The subject of bacterial skin infection in the tropics has shown some significant advances in the past few years, although it is still relatively understudied. Of special interest is the emerging concern about the public health aspects of pyoderma, either primary or secondary to scabies, in developing countries. In ad...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200104000-00002
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances, acute haematogenous osteomyelitis in children continues to cause significant morbidity and disease burden. The molecular epidemiology of causal organisms has wide geographic variation, but regardless of cause children often require several weeks of inpatien...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283005441
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We review the potential new diagnostic tools for determining the cause of pneumonia in the setting of community-acquired infection after outlining the limitation of currently available tests. RECENT FINDINGS:A number of new tools are on the horizon with the potential to overcome the problems of exist...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000148
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-10 is the most potent anti-inflammatory cytokine yet identified. It has multiple actions affecting the innate immune system as well as humoral and cellular immune responses. It occupies a pivotal role in the regulation of the immune response to microbial pathogens in health and disease. Knowledge gained in...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-200006000-00004
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW:Viruses are an increasingly recognized cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), but their exact role in nosocomial pneumonia is still debated. This review focuses on the role of viruses as a cause of nosocomial pneumonia. RECENT FINDINGS:Respiratory viruses may be responsible for healthcare-a...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000049
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The issue of whether the outcome of bacteremic pneumococcal infections is improved with the use of combination antibiotic therapy versus monotherapy is still not resolved. This review highlights recent studies that have addressed this issue. RECENT FINDINGS:Some studies have indicated benefit of comb...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283232a30
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Human brucellosis is a neglected, underrecognized infection of widespread geographic distribution. It causes acute febrile illness and a potentially debilitating chronic infection in humans, and livestock infection has substantial socioeconomic impact. This review describes new information regarding t...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283638104
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efforts to reduce hospitalization or the length of stay are common topics in papers published last year. Chlamydia pneumoniae is now recognized worldwide as a common pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia. A great variation in the frequency of various pathogens is found in different countries, stressing the importan...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-199804000-00010
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne infection affecting children living in temperate parts of the western hemisphere. The widespread anxiety about the long-term consequences of the illness, however, finds no support in the literature. Although the number of long-term follow-up studies is limited, the prognosi...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-199906000-00018
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Evidence of the protective effect of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) against HIV is well established. However, evidence of the protective effect of VMMC against other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has been inconsistent or scarce across different populations and settings. This revie...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000696
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:HIV infection profoundly impairs the immune mechanisms needed to control and clear Leishmania infection, and outcomes in patients with HIV-associated visceral leishmaniasis are poor. This review summarizes recent work describing the epidemiology, presentation and outcomes of HIV-associated visceral le...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32835c2198
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Imiquimod is the first member of a new class of immune response modifiers; it was first approved in 1997 for the topical treatment of external genital and perianal warts. It is an imidazoquinoline, a novel synthetic compound which is an immune response stimulator, enhancing both the innate and acquire...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200304000-00004
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The incidence of pulmonary infections has declined dramatically with improved access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, but chronic lung disease (CLD) is an increasingly recognized but poorly understood complication in adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV. RECENT FIND...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000325
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that colonizes the human stomach, especially during childhood. Although it has been studied intensively during the past decade, many controversies still exist on many important issues, including the clinical relevance of virulence factors, indications for treatment, recommended proce...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200106000-00012
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Antimicrobial stewardship is now recognized as a formal strategy for curbing the upward trend in antibiotic resistance. Literature on antimicrobial stewardship has focused on areas of strategic importance and operational delivery. A number of barriers have been recognized in the implementation of succ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283483262
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review focuses on only the newest antifungal agents recently approved or still under development and the available data in pediatric and neonatal patients. The larger body of data in adult patients is used for comparative purposes only in an attempt to understand pediatric implications. RECENT F...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000185986.64759.9a
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The source, significance and optimal management of low-level viraemia during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) are poorly defined. This review highlights recent observations that have implications for clinical practice. RECENT FINDINGS:The definition of low-level viraemia remains elusive. ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32834ef5d9
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic fibrosis is the most common lethal inherited disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance. Major progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms leading to increased susceptibility to Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization. Persistent respiratory infection with P. aeruginosa leads to progressive ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200204000-00013
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00