Muscle deoxygenation and neural drive to the muscle during repeated sprint cycling.

abstract：PURPOSE:This study examined whether plasma total glutathione levels could explain the intersubject variability in the creatine kinase (CK) response to eccentric exercise. We hypothesized that the increase in plasma CK activity after eccentric exercise would be lower for individuals with low plasma total glutathione (<2...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Lee J,Clarkson PM

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The objective of this study was to examine the association of screen time viewing behavior with isometric trunk muscle strength in youth. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was carried out including 606 adolescents (14-16 yr old) participating in the Danish European Youth Heart Study, a population-based study wit...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Grøntved A,Ried-Larsen M,Froberg K,Wedderkopp N,Brage S,Kristensen PL,Andersen LB,Møller NC

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to establish a highly reproducible test to measure endurance performance in runners. METHODS:We evaluated the reproducibility of endurance performance during a 10-km time trial performed on a treadmill after a 90-min preload run at 65% of maximal oxygen uptake VO2max). After scree...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Russell RD,Redmann SM,Ravussin E,Hunter GR,Larson-Meyer DE

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Children and adolescents possess higher weight-related maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) levels than older individuals. The capacity of prepubescent children to improve aerobic fitness with endurance training is controversial, and reported data have provided conflicting evidence. In the adult, physical activity of c...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Rowland TW

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study the gross efficiency of swimming was determined in a group of male (N = 6) and female (N = 4) competitive swimmers. The gross efficiency is defined as the ratio of the power output (W) to the power input (W). In a range of swimming velocities (0.95-1.6 m.s-1), the power input (rate of energy expenditure,...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Toussaint HM,Knops W,De Groot G,Hollander AP

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Obesity is epidemic in Western societies, with rapid rates of increase in the young. Various methods exist for the assessment of body composition, but these have not been compared in obese children and adolescents. This study compared methods of body composition assessment in obese young people to determine whe...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Watts K,Naylor LH,Davis EA,Jones TW,Beeson B,Bettenay F,Siafarikas A,Bell L,Ackland T,Green DJ

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of body weight on the performance in cross-country skiing has been studied by: dimensional analysis of the ratio (R) between the factors of importance to power production (VO2max, acceleration of gravity) and the braking powers, e.g., friction and air resistance; measuring the energy cost of level skiing...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bergh U

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To date, no study has examined the synergistic effects of a nutrition and combination of aerobic and strength training (CAST) on both adiposity and metabolic parameters in overweight Latina adolescent females. The goal was to assess if a 16-wk nutrition plus CAST pilot study had stronger effects on reducing adi...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Davis JN,Tung A,Chak SS,Ventura EE,Byrd-Williams CE,Alexander KE,Lane CJ,Weigensberg MJ,Spruijt-Metz D,Goran MI

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:A new accelerometer, the Kenz Lifecorder EX (LC; Suzuken Co. Ltd, Nagoya, Japan), offers promise as a feasible monitor alternative to the commonly used Actigraph (AG: Actigraph LLC, Fort Walton Beach, FL). PURPOSE:This study compared the LC and AG accelerometers and the Yamax SW-200 pedometer (DW) under fre...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： McClain JJ,Sisson SB,Washington TL,Craig CL,Tudor-Locke C

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and the effects of a long-term training program with endurance and strength elements for patients with advanced congestive heart failure (CHF). METHODS:We studied 14 patients, mean age 57 yr, mean NYHA class 2.7, mean LVEF 29%, and mean VO2max 17.2 mL x kg(-1...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Delagardelle C,Feiereisen P,Krecké R,Essamri B,Beissel J

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The vascular endothelium plays an important role in the maintenance of vascular health and the modulation of vascular tone and blood pressure. Recently, it has been demonstrated that blood pressure reactivity to physical activity is greater in the morning, and possibly, diurnal variation in vascular functi...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Jones H,Green DJ,George KP,Black MA,Atkinson G

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The purpose of this study was to identify key demographic and health factors associated with physical activity (PA) participation in adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. METHODS:Participants were adults > or = 18 yr of age living in the province of Alberta, Canada who were previously diagnosed with type...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Plotnikoff RC,Taylor LM,Wilson PM,Courneya KS,Sigal RJ,Birkett N,Raine K,Svenson LW

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:It is well established that hemodynamic dysfunction, resulting in diminished upper-extremity work capacity, occurs in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) as compared with those who are nondisabled (ND). Although it has been shown that persons with paraplegia display higher values of heart rate (HR) with ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Jacobs PL,Mahoney ET,Robbins A,Nash M

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:One purpose was to test the hypothesis that anxiety reductions following exercise are caused by a "time out" from daily cares and worries, and the second purpose was to document the magnitude of the change in state anxiety after exercise in high trait anxious females. METHODS:Anxious women (N = 14) completed f...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Breus MJ,O'Connor PJ

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The following paper gives a summary of the published studies that have applied the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior to the prediction of exercising intentions and behavior. The paper focuses primarily on the knowledge gained from the application of these theories and how these theoretical frameworks co...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Godin G

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reproducibility of the Bruce exercise test protocol for the determination of maximal aerobic activity was evaluated in sedentary older women. Seventeen women between the ages of 51 and 68 yr performed five maximal graded exercise tests to volitional fatigue on a treadmill. VO2max (mL.kg-1.min-1) values averaged 27...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Fielding RA,Frontera WR,Hughes VA,Fisher EC,Evans WJ

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of differing amounts of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), 0, 36, and 76 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), on hematology, hepatic and renal function during 8 wk of resistance training. METHODS:Thirty-seven, untrained collegiate males and were randomly assign...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Gallagher PM,Carrithers JA,Godard MP,Schulze KE,Trappe SW

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To examine change in physical fitness and body composition after a military deployment to Afghanistan. METHODS:One hundred and ten infantry soldiers were measured before and after a 9-month deployment to Afghanistan for Operation Enduring Freedom. Measurements included treadmill peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2), ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Sharp MA,Knapik JJ,Walker LA,Burrell L,Frykman PN,Darakjy SS,Lester ME,Marin RE

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Running technique and economy (VO2submax) were examined before and after a 6-wk period of running training. Fifteen males were filmed and performed 10-min economy runs at 3.36 m.s-1 on a treadmill. An incremental treadmill test was used to record running performance and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Subjects we...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Lake MJ,Cavanagh PR

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate effectively interventions to increase physical activity among older persons, reliable and valid measures of physical activity are required that can also detect the expected types of physical activity changes in this population. This paper describes a self-report physical activity questionnaire for o...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Stewart AL,Mills KM,King AC,Haskell WL,Gillis D,Ritter PL

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Strain magnitude is known to be a primary determinant of the osteogenic response to loading. However, whether bone adaptation to muscle loading is determined primarily by load magnitude is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of load magnitude from muscle action on the site-speci...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Hawkins SA,Schroeder ET,Wiswell RA,Jaque SV,Marcell TJ,Costa K

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:The extent of and the interactions between muscle strength, walking speed, postural control, and symptomatic fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS) are not known, nor are the effects of bilateral strength asymmetries on these variables. PURPOSE:To quantify the magnitude of and the associations between bilateral...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Chung LH,Remelius JG,Van Emmerik RE,Kent-Braun JA

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular oxidants include a variety of reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and chlorinating species. It is well established that the increase in metabolic rate in skeletal muscle during contractile activity results in an increased production of oxidants. Failure to remove these oxidants during exercise can result in significan...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Powers SK,Ji LL,Leeuwenburgh C

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Exercise appears to offer protection against weight gain, perhaps related to its effects on fat metabolism. Previous work in rats has shown that interventions resulting in a negative energy balance lead to alterations in the trafficking of dietary fat. This study was undertaken to determine whether exercise aft...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Votruba SB,Atkinson RL,Hirvonen MD,Schoeller DA

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSES:To compare the claudication distances between men and women patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and to determine whether sex differences in claudication pain persisted after controlling for potential confounders such as demographic, functional, and physiological measures. METHODS:A total of 488 m...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Gardner AW

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Compared with level walking or running, progressive downhill walking or running requires a decreasing energy cost to some minimum where the cost again increases with further decrements in grade. Margaria estimated this minimum occurs at a -9% grade. In this study an attempt was made to more precisely track the energy ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Wanta DM,Nagle FJ,Webb P

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:We examined bilateral bone mineral density (BMD) in the arms of female college gymnasts to assess the relative contribution of high-impact loading forces versus daily activities on bone plasticity. METHODS:Twenty-five female collegiate gymnasts and 25 controls were studied. BMD of the lumbar spine, proximal fe...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Proctor KL,Adams WC,Shaffrath JD,Van Loan MD

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the total exercise loads (intensity x volume) of the Vuelta a España and Tour de France during the last year. METHODS:Seven professional road cyclists (28 +/- 1 yr; [OV0312]O(2max): 74.6 +/- 2.2 mL.kg-1.min-1) who participated in both Tour and Vuelta during the years 1997, 1999, 2000, or 2001 were c...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Lucia A,Hoyos J,Santalla A,Earnest C,Chicharro JL

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Cycling to school is positively associated with aerobic fitness in Danish schoolchildren and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to determine whether a positive association exists between active travel and aerobic fitness in English schoolchildren, where cycling to school is rare. METHODS:Participant...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Voss C,Sandercock G

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fatigue can be defined as the failure to maintain an expected power output. This is often an antecedent to some sports-related injury. It is important for those involved in physical performance to be familiar with the variety of mechanisms which can lead to fatigue. All too often, a single factor is described as the c...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kirkendall DT

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00