Abstract:
:Brain edema is a serious consequence of hemispheric stroke and traumatic brain injury and contributes significantly to patient mortality. In the present study, we measured water contents in hippocampal slices as an in vitro model of edema formation. Excitotoxic conditions induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA, 300 microM), as well as ischemia induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), caused cellular edema formation as indicated by an increase of slice water contents. In the presence of furosemide, an inhibitor of the Na,K,Cl-cotransporter, NMDA-induced edema were reduced by 64% while OGD-induced edema were unaffected. The same observation, i.e., reduction of excitotoxic edema formation but no effect on ischemia-induced edema, was made with chloride transport inhibitors such as DIDS and niflumic acid. Under ischemic conditions, modulation of GABAA receptors by bicuculline, a GABA antagonist, or by diazepam, a GABAergic agonist, did not significantly affect edema formation. Further experiments demonstrated that low chloride conditions prevented NMDA-induced, but not OGD-induced, water influx. Omission of calcium ions had no effect. Our results show that NMDA-induced edema formation is highly dependent on chloride influx as it was prevented by low-chloride conditions and by various compounds that interfere with chloride influx. In contrast, OGD-induced edema observed in brain slices was not affected by modulators of chloride fluxes. The results are discussed with reference to ionic changes occurring during tissue ischemia.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Kumar V,Naik RS,Hillert M,Klein Jdoi
10.1016/j.brainres.2006.09.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-11-29 00:00:00pages
222-9issue
1eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
S0006-8993(06)02723-5journal_volume
1122pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract::Numerous studies with PC12 cells have suggested that the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway might play a major role in the neuronal differentiation that is induced by nerve growth factor (NGF). Cells of the PC12D subline extend neurites within several hours in response to NGF in the presence of inhibitors ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01403-0
更新日期:1998-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::Rhyme processing is reflected in the electrophysiological signals of the brain as a negative deflection for non-rhyming as compared to rhyming stimuli around 450 ms after stimulus onset. Studies have shown that this N450 component is not solely sensitive to rhyme but also responds to other types of phonological overla...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.09.018
更新日期:2012-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we have examined the effects of changes in potassium and calcium concentration on the early adaptation of the slowly adapting stretch receptor of the crayfish using intracellular recordings including the potential clamp technique. This was because previous studies had suggested that the early adap...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90409-3
更新日期:1985-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::The A-ring reduced metabolite of deoxycorticosterone, 3 alpha, 5 alpha-tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC) was recently shown to act at the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-chloride ion channel complex in rat brain. The behavioral profile of THDOC was investigated using two animal models of anxiety, the two-chambere...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)91500-3
更新日期:1986-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Microinjections of the substance P (SP) antagonist (D-pro2,D-phe7,D-trp9)-SP, or the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist, muscimol, into the entopeduncular nucleus reduced muscle tone in genetically spastic rats in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Similar injections into the ventral thalamus, zona incerta or amyg...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)90564-r
更新日期:1990-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytes cultured from the brains of neonatal rat pups acquire at least two specializations of intramembrane particle distribution: 'assemblies' and gap junctions. The number and appearance of assemblies in the cultured astrocytes is not markedly influenced by the presence or absence of a collagen substrate, and the...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(83)90545-0
更新日期:1983-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::Cajal-Retzius (CR) cells of the mammalian neocortex co-express the extracellular matrix protein Reelin and p73, a transcription factor involved in cell death and survival. Most neocortical CR cells derive from the cortical hem, with minor additional sources. We analyzed the distribution of Reelin and p73 immunoreactiv...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.11.015
更新日期:2007-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of [3H]dihydropyridine (DHP), nitrendipine and (+)-PN 200-110, binding to rat cerebral membranes were investigated. In normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) adult rats, the highest densities of [3H]DHP binding sites were found in the hippocampus. Frontal cerebral cortex and hypothalamus had intermediate level...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)91446-6
更新日期:1987-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous study, male rats showed behavioural deficits after a single restraint stress but not after 5 daily restraint periods (i.e. adaptation had developed): female rats although less affected by single restraint failed to adapt over the same time course. This sex difference was associated with the male but not ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)90476-3
更新日期:1988-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::The highly rigid and conformationally extended 2-amino-4-phosphonobutanoic acid (AP4) analogue (RS)-1-amino-3-(phosphonomethylene)-cyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid (cyclobutylene AP5) was synthesized and found to inhibit evoked responses in the rat lateral perforant path (LPP) with an IC50 of 41 (+/- 1.5 S.E.M.) microM a...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90525-e
更新日期:1992-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years microvillar cells (MVC) have been identified in the olfactory epithelium of numerous species, including rodents, canines, and primates. However, there is no consensus on the morphologic or histochemical features of this cell, nor is the function of these cells currently known. Previous studies have exa...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)01144-7
更新日期:1995-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were carried out to determine if stimuli which augment preganglionic nerve activity to sympathetic neurons, and thereby cause trans-synaptic induction, increase the retrograde transport of nerve growth factor (NGF). It was found that nerve activity had no effect on retrograde transport of [125I]NGF. It was...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(79)90701-7
更新日期:1979-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the possible mechanisms by which neurons in the caudate-putamen (CPu) and globus pallidus (GP) participate in pain and nociception, the present study characterized the response properties of CPu and GP neurons to non-noxious and noxious thermal stimuli in anesthetized rats. Nociceptive CPu and GP neuron...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00971-8
更新日期:1998-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::The BE (2)-M17 human neuroblastoma has previously been shown to express corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA following retinoic acid treatment. It is demonstrated in this report that both cell extracts and cell incubation medium of retinoic acid-treated BE (2)-M17 cells were shown to contain CRF-like immunoreacti...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)91583-0
更新日期:1994-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The possibility that the motor cortex receives peripheral input directly from the thalamus was examined using the evoked potential method and the following results were obtained. Potentials in the motor cortex evoked by stimulation of superficial radial (SR) or group II deep radial (DR) nerve were neither abolished no...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(79)90532-8
更新日期:1979-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::The postnatal development of soma size and cytochrome oxidase activity was examined in the perigeniculate nucleus (PGN) and reticular nucleus of the thalamus (RNT). Neurons in the PGN and RNT exhibited a rapid increase in soma size between 2 and 4 weeks of age. During this period of cell growth there is an increase in...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-3806(87)90047-2
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a focused attention task saccadic reaction time (SRT) to a visual target stimulus (LED) was measured with an auditory (white noise burst) or tactile (vibration applied to palm) nontarget presented in ipsi- or contralateral position to the target. Crossmodal facilitation of SRT was observed under all configurations ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.05.081
更新日期:2008-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::Double immunostaining for c-fos and oxytocin (OXY) was used to study the topography and time course of the metabolic activation of the hypothalamic oxytocinergic system upon osmotic stress in the male rat. Animals injected i.p. with hypertonic saline expressed c-fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) in the paraventricular (...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)91342-c
更新日期:1992-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::Brain-derived angiotensin II (ANG II) and prostaglandins have important roles in the regulation of body fluid and blood pressure homeostasis. In the present studies we investigated the central interactions between these two neurochemical products in regulating the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system during dehydration...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03113-9
更新日期:2001-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelins are potent vasoconstrictors and signaling molecules. Their effects are broad, impacting processes ranging from neurovascular and cardiovascular health to cell migration and survival. In stroke, traumatic brain injury or subarachnoid hemorrhage, endothelin-1 (ET-1) is induced resulting in cerebral vasospasm...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2014.09.022
更新日期:2014-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of continuous clonidine infusion (10 micrograms/kg/h for 10 days) and the cessation of this infusion on the circadian body temperature rhythm of the spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rat were examined. This circadian rhythm was blunted significantly during the infusion of clonidine. The fall in body temperat...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)91088-7
更新日期:1986-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) was used to lesion the substantia nigra of rodents to look for changes in various animal models of epilepsy and seizures. MPTP, acutely administered to C57BL/6J mice, could cause seizures at high doses and enhanced maximal electroshock seizures at lower doses. Older ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)91370-x
更新日期:1989-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the mechanisms underlying the depolarization induced by anoxia in brainstem neurons, we studied single neurons in brainstem slices using conventional micro-electrodes and freshly dissociated hypoglossal and vagal cells using patch clamp techniques (whole-cell configuration). Since glutamate concentration ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)91067-3
更新日期:1993-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::Purkinje cells are the sole output from the cerebellar cortex and play a critical role during classical eyeblink conditioning. The present study revealed for the first time a learning-related change in individual Purkinje cell activity during successive eyeblink conditioning in decerebrate guinea pigs which permitted ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.10.090
更新日期:2006-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide (HCNP), originally isolated from soluble fraction of young rat hippocampus and released from hippocampus by the stimulation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, enhances the cholinergic phenotype development in vitro. HCNP precursor protein (HCNP-pp) has multiple f...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.05.013
更新日期:2007-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::This report deals with a comparison of total and regional cerebral blood flow with red cell velocity in the microcirculation of the ecto- and suprasylvian areas of the cerebral cortex of the cat and their response to changes in systemic blood pressure. Total and regional blood flows were measured during a steady-state...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90912-0
更新日期:1984-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-immunoreactivities, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPHd)-reactivities in the sphenopalatine ganglia (SPG), and perivascular nerves in middle cerebral arteries ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00548-4
更新日期:1998-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Rats with bilateral striatal cholinergic lesions induced by the neurotoxin AF64A were found to have increased spontaneous nocturnal locomotor activity as measured in terms of the amount of time spent moving, the total distance traveled and the number of episodes and time of stereotypic behaviors. No significant differ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90715-7
更新日期:1984-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::Severed medial giant axons in crayfish can be rejoined in vitro with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to produce axoplasmic continuity and through transmission of action potentials. Severed axon-like processes of a mammalian neuroblastoma/glioma cell line seem to be rejoined to the cell body using PEG in tissue culture. Our ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)91617-3
更新日期:1986-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanical hyperalgesia is an early symptom of diabetic neuropathy. To evaluate the mechanisms underlying this symptom, it was studied and compared in rat models of systemic and local hyperglycemia. Systemic hyperglycemia was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg). Local hyperglycemia either i...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(02)03828-3
更新日期:2003-01-17 00:00:00