Segregation of VIPergic-nitric oxidergic and cholinergic-nitric oxidergic innervation in porcine middle cerebral arteries.

abstract：:We investigated the projection from the infralimbic division of the prefrontal cortex (area 25) to histaminergic neurons in the posterior hypothalamic area. Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) was injected in the prefrontal cortex of rats. Frozen brain sections were subjected to combined PHA-L and histidine dec...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wouterlood FG,Steinbusch HW,Luiten PG,Bol JG

更新日期：1987-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine whether post-traumatic seizure severity would be affected by the interval between seizures and head injury, we measured seizures after various times with or without fluid percussion brain injury (2atm fluid percussion injury; FPI). To determine efficacy of anti-seizure medication, we also determined if le...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Chen YH,Huang EY,Kuo TT,Hoffer BJ,Wu PJ,Ma HI,Tsai JJ,Chou YC,Chiang YH

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on the release of labeled transmitters in mouse brain synaptosomes was studied in a superfusion system. 4-AP at microM concentrations notably stimulated the spontaneous release of labeled GABA and glutamate, and of acetylcholine (ACh) derived from tritiated choline. No effects on t...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tapia R,Sitges M

更新日期：1982-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The divalent cation zinc has been reported to possess several physiological properties such as blocking apoptotic cell death through an inhibitory effect on Ca(2+)-Mg2+ endonuclease activity, or modulating the neurotoxicity via glutamate receptor subtypes. In the present study, we investigated the effect of peripheral...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Matsushita K,Kitagawa K,Matsuyama T,Ohtsuki T,Taguchi A,Mandai K,Mabuchi T,Yagita Y,Yanagihara T,Matsumoto M

更新日期：1996-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study focuses on the myelination of rat septohippocampal fibres that are known to originate from GABAergic parvalbumin-containing, fast-firing, fast-conducting neurons and from cholinergic slow-firing, slow-conducting neurons. With the combined immunofluorescence for parvalbumin/myelin basic protein and ch...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Brauer K,Härtig W,Gärtner U,Brückner G,Arendt T

更新日期：2000-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies resulted in conflicting conclusions that glutamate application either decreases or increases the activity of Ca2+ channels in hippocampal neurons. We studied whole-cell Ca2+ currents (ICa) in chick dorsal root ganglion neurons and rat hippocampal cells. For both cell types glutamate (1-30 microM) incr...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Mironov SL,Lux HD

更新日期：1992-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present immunohistochemical study the distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was studied in various autonomic ganglia and in related peripheral tissues of the rat. For comparison some other neuronal markers including acetylcholinesterase and tyrosine hydroxylase as well as several neuropeptides were analys...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ceccatelli S,Lundberg JM,Zhang X,Aman K,Hökfelt T

更新日期：1994-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The release of octopamine and proctolin from the oviduct visceral muscles of the locust, Locusta migratoria, has been investigated. Salines containing elevated potassium concentrations (100 mM) were capable of releasing both octopamine and proctolin, although the proportion of the total store of octopamine released (1...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Orchard I,Lange AB

更新日期：1987-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunohistochemical studies with an antiserum raised against tyrosine hydroxylase have allowed us to demonstrate a dense dopaminergic innervation of the globus pallidus in the squirrel monkey. This innervation derived mostly from two fascicles that detached themselves from the major ascending dopaminergic bundle arisi...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Parent A,Smith Y

更新日期：1987-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptosomes assemble an equatorial coil of microtubules during incubation at 37 degrees C. Stimulation of synaptosomes by veratridine or A23187 for 5 min results in disassembly of the microtubules. The role of microtubule disassembly in neurotransmitter release was investigated using the microtubule-stabilizing drug ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Burgoyne RD,Cumming R

更新日期：1983-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The syndrome of vacuous chewing movements (VCMs) in rats is similar in many respects to tardive dyskinesia (TD) in humans. Both syndromes are characterized by delayed onset of persistent orofacial dyskinesias in a sub-group of subjects chronically treated with neuroleptics. Using the rat model, we examined the role of...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Hamid EH,Hyde TM,Baca SM,Egan MF

更新日期：1998-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear factor one X (NFIX) has been shown to play a pivotal role during the development of many regions of the brain, including the neocortex, the hippocampus and the cerebellum. Mechanistically, NFIX has been shown to promote neural stem cell differentiation through the activation of astrocyte-specific genes and via...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Vidovic D,Harris L,Harvey TJ,Evelyn Heng YH,Smith AG,Osinski J,Hughes J,Thomas P,Gronostajski RM,Bailey TL,Piper M

更新日期：2015-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons containing immunoreactivity to the endogenous lactose-binding lectin, RL-29, were examined in the L4 segment of the spinal cord of rats with an experimental neuropathy. The cells appeared by 5 days and were also present at 14 and 28 days postoperatively. All neurons were found in the dorsal horn ipsilateral to...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Cameron AA,Dougherty PM,Garrison CJ,Willis WD,Carlton SM

更新日期：1993-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Inorganic mercury (Hg2+) reduced voltage-gated calcium channel currents irreversibly in two different preparations. In cultured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, studied with the whole cell patch clamp technique, a rapid concentration-dependent decrease in the L/N-type currents to a steady state was observed wit...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Pekel M,Platt B,Büsselberg D

更新日期：1993-12-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a promising source for cell-based treatment of brain injury, but the therapy of BMSCs is restricted by low cell survival. We examined whether nerve growth factor (NGF) improve BMSCs viability in the brain with Fimbria-Fornix lesion (FF). After transduction of NGF ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Leng SL,Fan WG,Qu HG,Xu SC,Zhong WY,Zhang WY,Zeng JQ,Long DH,He HW

更新日期：2009-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment with the short-acting benzodiazepine, triazolam (Tz), 6 h before activity onset (CT 6) induces large phase advances in the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity in golden hamsters free-running in constant lighting conditions. These phase shifts are associated with acute increases in locomotor activity. The ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wickland C,Turek FW

更新日期：1991-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Abrupt withdrawal from chronic alcohol exposure can produce convulsions that are likely due to ethanol (EtOH) neuroadaptations. While significant efforts have focused on elucidating dependence mechanisms, the alterations contributing to EtOH withdrawal severity are less well characterized. The present studies examined...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Beadles-Bohling AS,Wiren KM

更新日期：2005-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of the immediate-early gene c-fos, a marker of neuronal activation, was employed to localize brainstem neuronal populations functionally related to the expiration reflex (ER). Twelve spontaneously breathing, non-decerebrate, pentobarbital anesthetized cats were used. The level of Fos-like immunoreactivity (...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Poliacek I,Halasova E,Jakus J,Murin P,Barani H,Stransky A,Bolser DC

更新日期：2007-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of nicotinic cholinergic transmission in cold stress-induced alterations in rat adrenomedullary tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA was investigated by RNA dot-blot hybridization, using a cloned TH cDNA probe. Chlorisondamine, a ganglionic blocking agent, greatly attenuated the induction of TH mRNA levels caused b...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Stachowiak M,Stricker EM,Zigmond MJ,Kaplan BB

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined how adjective ordering is used in language comprehension by crossing order preference and concreteness in phrases consisting of two adjectives and a noun. We used both more typical phrases in which the preferred order has a concrete second adjective ("exhaustive hardback encyclopedia") and those with a con...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Huang HW,Federmeier KD

更新日期：2012-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Nestin is an intermediate filament protein, transiently and abundantly expressed early in embryogenesis, e.g., in neuroepithelial cells, radial glia, germinal matrix cells and vascular cells. In the adult rat brain, nestin is only present in endothelial and select subventricular cells. We tested the hypothesis that af...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Li Y,Chopp M

更新日期：1999-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that a major excitatory mechanism for the expression of feline defensive rage behavior involves the medial nucleus of the amygdala which utilizes substance P as a neurotransmitter in a direct output pathway that supplies the medial hypothalamus. In phase I of the e...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Shaikh MB,Steinberg A,Siegel A

更新日期：1993-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:During aerobic incubation at 37 degrees C, active uptake of labeled non-metabolizable alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) into isolated nodose ganglia (NG) excised from adult rats was accelerated to nearly twice that of the control, by the addition of glia maturation factor (GMF, 5 micrograms/ml) in a dose-dependent mann...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ando M,Kato T,Tanaka R,Nagata Y

更新日期：1986-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The understanding of sarcasm reflects a complex process, which involves recognizing the beliefs of the speaker. There is a clear association between deficits in mentalizing, which is the ability to understand other people's behavior in terms of their mental state, and the understanding of sarcasm in individuals with a...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Uchiyama H,Seki A,Kageyama H,Saito DN,Koeda T,Ohno K,Sadato N

更新日期：2006-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The anesthetic-sedative barbiturate pentobarbital (PB) and the anticonvulsant barbiturate phenobarbital (PhB) were applied to mammalian spinal cord neurons in primary dissociated cell culture to assess their effects on: (1) postsynaptic GABA-responses; (2) paroxysmal activity produced by the convulsant bicuculline; (3...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Schulz DW,Macdonald RL

更新日期：1981-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:We showed previously, using in vitro microdialysis, that the activation of the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)/cyclic GMP pathway was the underlying mechanism of the extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent effects of exogenous NO on dopamine (DA) secretion from PC12 cells. In this study, the co-infusion of the sGC inhibitor 1H...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Rocchitta G,Migheli R,Mura MP,Esposito G,Desole MS,Miele E,Miele M,Serra PA

更新日期：2004-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The rate of 6-[14C]D-glucose oxidation in cerebral cells of SAMP8, a substrain of senescence accelerated mouse, was investigated in vitro. The production of 14CO2 in dissociated intact brain cells prepared from the cerebrum of 4-8-week-old SAMP8 was higher than that of age-matched SAMR2 as a control mouse, while no di...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Sato E,Inoue A,Kurokawa T,Ishibashi S

更新日期：1994-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat pinealocytes use L-glutamate as a modulator for melatonin synthesis. Upon binding of L-glutamate to the class II metabotropic glutamate receptor, norepinephrine (NE)-dependent formation of cAMP was inhibited, resulting in decreased serotonin-N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity and melatonin output. Although L-gluta...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ishio S,Yamada H,Craft CM,Moriyama Y

更新日期：1999-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Aging is accompanied by an impairment of associative memory. The medial temporal lobe and fronto-striatal network, both involved in associative memory, are known to decline functionally and structurally with age, leading to the so-called associative binding deficit and the resource deficit. Because the MTL and fronto-...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Meulenbroek O,Kessels RP,de Rover M,Petersson KM,Rikkert MG,Rijpkema M,Fernández G

更新日期：2010-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Decision making is commonly conceived to reflect the interplay of mutually antagonistic systems: executive processes must inhibit affective information to make adaptive choices. Consistent with this interpretation, prior studies have shown that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is activated by executive proce...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Mullette-Gillman OA,Detwiler JM,Winecoff A,Dobbins I,Huettel SA

更新日期：2011-06-13 00:00:00