H2AX prevents DNA breaks from progressing to chromosome breaks and translocations.

abstract：:In this issue of Molecular Cell, Miotto and Struhl (2010) suggest that replication licensing, the loading of Mcm2-7 onto DNA, is promoted by HBO1 acetylating histone H4 at replication origins, providing a molecular view of how chromatin status influences origin usage. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Chadha GS,Blow JJ

更新日期：2010-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcriptional activity of many sequence-specific DNA binding proteins is directly regulated by posttranslational covalent modification. Although this form of regulation was first described nearly two decades ago, it remains poorly understood at a mechanistic level. The prototype for a transcription factor contro...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： He C,Hus JC,Sun LJ,Zhou P,Norman DP,Dötsch V,Wei H,Gross JD,Lane WS,Wagner G,Verdine GL

更新日期：2005-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of Molecular Cell, Guo et al. (2014) report that misfolded or aggregated nuclear proteins, such as pathogenic polyQ proteins, are cleared by a SUMO-dependent quality control pathway, which involves the E3 SUMO ligase PML and the SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase RNF4. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Gärtner A,Muller S

更新日期：2014-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Repetitive DNA elements are essential for genome function; in this issue of Molecular Cell, Ishak et al. (2016) describe a novel mechanism of epigenetic repression at these elements that requires pRB-dependent recruitment of EZH2. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Sanidas I,Dyson NJ

更新日期：2016-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Androgen receptor (AR) plays a critical role in the development and progression of prostate cancer, where it is a key therapeutic target. Here we report that, in contrast to estrogen receptor transcription complexes which form within minutes and recycle hourly, the levels of regulatory regions bound by AR complexes ri...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Wang Q,Carroll JS,Brown M

更新日期：2005-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:GATA-1 and GATA-2 control proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells via transcriptional regulation. In this issue of Molecular Cell, Jing et al. (2008) demonstrate that GATA factor exchange on the Kit locus directs a transcriptional switch by reconfiguring chromatin loops. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Apostolou E,Thanos D

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of retrograde signaling (RS) by mitochondrial dysfunction or by inhibition of TOR kinases in yeast results in nuclear accumulation of the transcription factors, Rtg1p and Rtg3p. This process requires Rtg2p, a novel cytoplasmic protein with an N-terminal ATP binding domain. We show that Rtg2p controls RS by ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Liu Z,Sekito T,Spírek M,Thornton J,Butow RA

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs have recently emerged as key posttranscriptional regulators of eukaryotic gene expression, yet our understanding of how microRNA expression is itself controlled has remained rudimentary. This review describes recent insights into the mechanisms governing microRNA transcription and processing in vertebrates a...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Cullen BR

更新日期：2004-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Replication forks frequently break and must be repaired by recombination. A reconstituted reaction now allows the factors that coordinate conversion from a recombination intermediate back to a replication fork to be defined. The PriA protein plays a key role in this control. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Lovett ST

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells exposed to hypoxia experience replication stress but do not accumulate DNA damage, suggesting sustained DNA replication. Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is the only enzyme capable of de novo synthesis of deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs). However, oxygen is an essential cofactor for mammalian RNR (RRM1/RR...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Foskolou IP,Jorgensen C,Leszczynska KB,Olcina MM,Tarhonskaya H,Haisma B,D'Angiolella V,Myers WK,Domene C,Flashman E,Hammond EM

更新日期：2017-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:RING and U-box E3 ubiquitin ligases regulate diverse eukaryotic processes and have been implicated in numerous diseases, but targeting these enzymes remains a major challenge. We report the development of three ubiquitin variants (UbVs), each binding selectively to the RING or U-box domain of a distinct E3 ligase: mon...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Gabrielsen M,Buetow L,Nakasone MA,Ahmed SF,Sibbet GJ,Smith BO,Zhang W,Sidhu SS,Huang DT

更新日期：2017-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA double-strand break (DSB) signaling and repair are critical for cell viability, and rely on highly coordinated pathways whose molecular organization is still incompletely understood. Here, we show that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U-like (hnRNPUL) proteins 1 and 2 play key roles in cellular responses to...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Polo SE,Blackford AN,Chapman JR,Baskcomb L,Gravel S,Rusch A,Thomas A,Blundred R,Smith P,Kzhyshkowska J,Dobner T,Taylor AM,Turnell AS,Stewart GS,Grand RJ,Jackson SP

更新日期：2012-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:X chromosome inactivation (XCI) depends on a noncoding sense-antisense transcript pair, Xist and Tsix. At the onset of XCI, Xist RNA accumulates on one of two Xs, coating and silencing the chromosome in cis. The molecular basis for monoallelic Xist upregulation is not known, though evidence predominantly supports a po...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Sun BK,Deaton AM,Lee JT

更新日期：2006-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Bursts of nascent mRNA have been shown to lead to substantial cell-cell variation in unicellular organisms, facilitating diverse responses to environmental challenges. It is unknown whether similar bursts and gene-expression noise occur in mammalian tissues. To address this, we combine single molecule transcript count...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Bahar Halpern K,Tanami S,Landen S,Chapal M,Szlak L,Hutzler A,Nizhberg A,Itzkovitz S

更新日期：2015-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Adrenergic stimulation of the heart engages cAMP and phosphoinositide second messenger signaling cascades. Cardiac phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110γ participates in these processes by sustaining β-adrenergic receptor internalization through its catalytic function and by controlling phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) activity ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Perino A,Ghigo A,Ferrero E,Morello F,Santulli G,Baillie GS,Damilano F,Dunlop AJ,Pawson C,Walser R,Levi R,Altruda F,Silengo L,Langeberg LK,Neubauer G,Heymans S,Lembo G,Wymann MP,Wetzker R,Houslay MD,Iaccarino G,S

更新日期：2011-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) comprises multiple heptapeptide repeats of the consensus Tyr1-Ser2-Pro3-Thr4-Ser5-Pro6-Ser7. Reversible phosphorylation of Ser2, Ser5, and Ser7 during the transcription cycle mediates the sequential recruitment of transcription/RNA pr...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Egloff S,Zaborowska J,Laitem C,Kiss T,Murphy S

更新日期：2012-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA polymerase from phage phi29 is a B family polymerase that initiates replication using a protein as a primer, attaching the first nucleotide of the phage genome to the hydroxyl of a specific serine of the priming protein. The crystal structure of phi29 DNA polymerase determined at 2.2 A resolution provides expl...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Kamtekar S,Berman AJ,Wang J,Lázaro JM,de Vega M,Blanco L,Salas M,Steitz TA

更新日期：2004-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ca2+ -activated K+ channel KCa3.1 is required for Ca2+ influx and the subsequent activation of B and T cells. Inhibitors of KCa3.1 are in development to treat autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection, underscoring the importance in understanding how these channels are regulated. We show that nucleoside diphosp...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Srivastava S,Li Z,Ko K,Choudhury P,Albaqumi M,Johnson AK,Yan Y,Backer JM,Unutmaz D,Coetzee WA,Skolnik EY

更新日期：2006-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The RhoA GTPase controls many cellular functions, including gene transcription and actin polymerization. Several lines of evidence suggest that Rho GTPases are required for B cell receptor (BCR) signaling, but whether RhoA is necessary has not been investigated. Here, we show that RhoA is activated, downstream of PI3K...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Saci A,Carpenter CL

更新日期：2005-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Autophagy is required for benign hepatic tumors to progress into malignant hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the mechanism is unclear. Here, we report that mitophagy, the selective removal of mitochondria by autophagy, positively regulates hepatic cancer stem cells (CSCs) by suppressing the tumor suppressor p53. When...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Liu K,Lee J,Kim JY,Wang L,Tian Y,Chan ST,Cho C,Machida K,Chen D,Ou JJ

更新日期：2017-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Our previous study showed that ubiquitination of p53 is reversible and that the ubiquitin hydrolase HAUSP can stabilize p53 by deubiquitination. Here, we found that partial reduction of endogenous HAUSP levels by RNAi indeed destabilizes endogenous p53; surprisingly, however, nearly complete ablation of HAUSP stabiliz...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Li M,Brooks CL,Kon N,Gu W

更新日期：2004-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Most colorectal cancers (CRCs) containing activated BRAF (BRAF[V600E]) have a CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) characterized by aberrant hypermethylation of many genes, including the mismatch repair gene MLH1. MLH1 silencing results in microsatellite instability and a hypermutable phenotype. Through an RNAi scre...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Fang M,Ou J,Hutchinson L,Green MR

更新日期：2014-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein kinase RNA-activated (PKR) induces immune response by sensing viral double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). However, growing evidence suggests that PKR can also be activated by endogenously expressed dsRNAs. Here, we capture these dsRNAs by formaldehyde-mediated crosslinking and immunoprecipitation sequencing and find ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Kim Y,Park J,Kim S,Kim M,Kang MG,Kwak C,Kang M,Kim B,Rhee HW,Kim VN

更新日期：2018-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Histone H3K4 demethylase LSD1 plays an important role in stem cell biology, especially in the maintenance of the silencing of differentiation genes. However, how the function of LSD1 is regulated and the differentiation genes are derepressed are not understood. Here, we report that elimination of LSD1 promotes embryon...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Han X,Gui B,Xiong C,Zhao L,Liang J,Sun L,Yang X,Yu W,Si W,Yan R,Yi X,Zhang D,Li W,Li L,Yang J,Wang Y,Sun YE,Zhang D,Meng A,Shang Y

更新日期：2014-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Autophagy constitutes a prominent mechanism through which eukaryotic cells preserve homeostasis in baseline conditions and in response to perturbations of the intracellular or extracellular microenvironment. Autophagic responses can be relatively non-selective or target a specific subcellular compartment. At least in ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Sica V,Galluzzi L,Bravo-San Pedro JM,Izzo V,Maiuri MC,Kroemer G

更新日期：2015-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the ISWI family of chromatin remodeling factors exhibit ATP-dependent nucleosome sliding, loading, and spacing activities in vitro. However, it is unclear which of these activities are utilized by ISWI complexes to remodel chromatin in vivo. We therefore sought to identify the mechanisms of chromatin remode...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Fazzio TG,Tsukiyama T

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular motors are the long-haul carriers of eukaryotic cells, moving cargos bidirectionally along microtubule tracks. In the December 12th issue of Cell, report that HDAC6, a tubulin deacetylase, functions as an adaptor that links cargos of aggregated protein to the minus end-directed motor, cytoplasmic dynein. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Kopito RR

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial protein import stress compromises functioning of the organelles, due to inadequate supply of inner mitochondrial proteins. Weidberg and Amon (2018) describe a new monitoring pathway in budding yeast, which restores mitochondrial function following the clearing of accumulated unfolded pre-transported mito...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Desai R,Campanella M

更新日期：2018-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:RING ubiquitin ligases (E3) recruit ubiquitin-conjugate enzymes (E2) charged with ubiquitin (Ub) to catalyze ubiquitination. Non-covalent Ub binding to the backside of certain E2s promotes processive polyUb formation, but the mechanism remains elusive. Here, we show that backside bound Ub (Ub(B)) enhances both RING-in...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Buetow L,Gabrielsen M,Anthony NG,Dou H,Patel A,Aitkenhead H,Sibbet GJ,Smith BO,Huang DT

更新日期：2015-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:We have analyzed two residues in the helicase domain of the E1 initiator protein. These residues are part of a highly conserved structural motif, the beta-hairpin, which is present in the helicase domain of all papovavirus initiator proteins. These proteins are unique in their ability to transition from local template...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Liu X,Schuck S,Stenlund A

更新日期：2007-03-23 00:00:00