Abstract：
:Although it is not yet known how many genes may contribute to the susceptibility or the severity of asthma and related phenotypes, genome-wide screens and positional cloning techniques have been successful in identifying contributing genes in multiple populations. The results of these studies provide additional insight into the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of a variety of phenotypes. Replication with additional populations--particularly in large-scale studies--has been used to distinguish between false positive results or population-specific effects or to further quantify the conferred risk. Even when individual markers do not replicate in multiple population, association of the same region or gene has been useful in directing future studies. As further understanding of linkage disequilibrium patterns within the genome has allowed greater efficiency for genetic studies, advances in high-throughput genotyping technology, genetic analysis methodologies, and a more in-depth understanding of clinical phenotypes has made genome-wide studies more accessible and cost-effective. In the future, identification of function variants with clinical relevance may be used to influence the diagnosis and treatment of asthma.
journal_name
Immunol Allergy Clin North Amjournal_title
Immunology and allergy clinics of North Americaauthors
Smith AK,Meyers DAdoi
10.1016/j.iac.2005.09.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-11-01 00:00:00pages
641-54issue
4eissn
0889-8561issn
1557-8607pii
S0889-8561(05)00058-5journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Physical urticarias are a unique subgroup of chronic urticaria in which urticarial responses can be reproducibly induced by different specific physical stimuli acting on the skin. These conditions include urticaria factitia/symptomatic dermographism, delayed pressure urticaria, cold contact urticaria, heat contact urt...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2013.09.010
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma exacerbations are a significant cause of health care use and mortality. Home management strategies may be effective in managing many exacerbations before presentation to a health care institution. This article focuses on the variety of options available to patients and providers to choose from as they customize...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2019.07.010
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biologic agents (BAs) are important therapeutic tools; their use has rapidly expanded and they are used in oncology, immunology, and inflammatory diseases. Their use may be limited, however, by adverse drug reactions. This article reviews the current literature on clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms of bot...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2014.04.008
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Delayed pressure urticaria is a mechanical urticaria in which pressure causes whealing. Delayed cutaneous erythema and edema occur in association with marked subcutaneous swelling after the application of a sustained pressure stimulus to the skin. The earliest reports and theories of the pathogenesis of delayed pressu...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2004.01.006
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mastocytosis is characterized by accumulation of pathologic mast cells in tissues. Most patients with mastocytosis experience mast cell activation symptoms in response to various triggers. The diagnosis of mastocytosis should be made from objective pathologic findings. Modern diagnostic criteria and classification of ...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2014.02.003
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma is a heterogeneous disease in which various cytokines orchestrate airway inflammation. Tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-alpha) is a proinflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in the modulation of inflammation in various diseases, including asthma. Although TNF-alpha blocking strategies have been an effective th...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2004.06.010
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes the efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of CAIV-T. This vaccine has the potential to significantly contribute to the control of influenza infection and influenza-associated illnesses, including febrile otitis media and lower respiratory disease. When compared with inactivated vaccine, CAIV-T ha...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8561(03)00098-5
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The psychologic and behavioral components of sickness represent, together with fever response and associated neuroendocrine changes, a highly organized strategy of the organism to fight infection. This strategy, referred to as sickness behavior, is triggered by the proinflammatory cytokines produced by activated cells...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2009.02.002
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews the dermatologic and allergic conditions of the eyelid. Topics include various eyelid dermatitis, inflammatory lesions, infections, benign and malignant tumor, urticaria, vascular lesions, and others. Treatment considerations for these conditions of the eyelid are also discussed. ...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2007.12.004
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mastocytosis is a World Health Organization-defined clonal mast cell disorder characterized by significant clinicopathologic heterogeneity. Despite this diversity, a mutation of the KIT gene, most commonly D816V, is found in almost all cases and believed a driver lesion. Peripheral blood allele-specific oligonucleotid...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2018.04.005
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recurrent infections in children are a cause for concern. It is essential to distinguish simple recurrent infections caused by exposures in the day care or school settings from those caused by inherent deficiencies in the immune system or other systemic diseases. Multiple diagnostic tools are available for the evaluat...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2015.07.005
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first rule of environmental allergen control is that avoidance is appropriate for allergic patients with asthma. Although this rule is obvious to allergists, it frequently is not considered by families and physicians who are not trained in allergy. The next step in environmental avoidance is to determine the speci...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8561(03)00003-1
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) negatively affects patients and their families. Pruritus, scratching, and sleep problems are common complaints linked to disturbed quality of life. Treatment is complex, and nonadherence rates are high. This article reviews the effect of AD on patients and their families and i...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2010.05.003
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thus far, the most effective strategy for the prevention of food allergy is early introduction of allergenic solids to at-risk infants. Early skin moisturization may have a role in food allergy prevention. There is insufficient evidence for hydrolyzed formula as a means of allergy prevention. Studies on vitamin D, ome...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2019.06.001
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae are atypical bacteria that are frequently found in patients with asthma. A definitive diagnosis of infection is often difficult to obtain because of limitations with sampling and detection. Numerous animal studies have outlined mechanisms by which these infections may...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2010.08.003
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mast cells produce symptoms by local and remote effects of mediator release and by their presence in increased numbers in normal tissue and bone marrow, where they damage and impair normal organ function. Moreover, mast cells are long-lived and heterogeneous in their response to secretagogues and to inhibitors of medi...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2006.05.006
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute eosinophilic pneumonia, chronic eosinophilia, Churg-Strauss syndrome, and the hypereosinophilic syndrome are pulmonary eosinophilic syndromes characterized by an increased number of eosinophils in peripheral blood, in lung tissue, in sputum, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, or in all of these. These pulmonary eo...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2007.07.005
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exercise-induced anaphylaxis is an uncommon disorder in which anaphylaxis occurs in response to physical exertion. Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis is a disorder with similar symptoms, although symptoms develop only if exercise takes place within a few hours of eating and, in most cases, only if a specific ...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2015.01.005
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interplay of geographic, geochemical, and meteorologic factors combines to define distinct floristic zones in North America. Latitude, elevation, Pacific or Atlantic Ocean influence, continental air mass influence, mountains, and hills are contributory geographic factors. Hardiness zones are defined by the nadir o...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8561(03)00029-8
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has a substantial impact on patients' quality of life (QOL). Among the many metrics available for measuring treatment success in CRS, patient-reported outcome measures that quantify changes in QOL are the most widely used methods. In addition, objective data from imaging, endoscopy, and ol...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2019.12.004
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last decade, gene therapy for adenosine deaminase deficiency has been developed as a successful alternative strategy to allogeneic bone marrow transplant and enzyme replacement therapy. Infusion of autologous hematopoietic stem cells, corrected ex vivo by retroviral vectors and combined to low-intensity conditi...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2010.02.003
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the 1970s and 1980s, scientific methods were introduced in the standardization of allergen vaccines and, in combination with improved documentation of the clinical benefits obtained using standardized vaccines, specific allergy treatment as a scientifically based, reproducible, and safe treatment for allergic disea...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2006.02.012
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) encompass a variety of disorders including eosinophilic esophagitis (EE), eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG), and eosinophilic colitis. Although the pathogenesis of EGIDs is still poorly understood, dietary food antigens have been shown to cause EGIDs through several short...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2008.10.006
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allergic rhinitis affects a large portion of the population. Patients are frequently sensitized to indoor allergens. The most important contributors are house dust mites, pets, and fungi. In very controlled environments where allergen exposure is significantly reduced, individuals have been shown to have clinical impr...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2011.05.005
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angioedema usually occurs within the setting of allergic diseases or urticaria, but situations occur in which angioedema itself represents a disease, such as in hereditary angioedema. Evaluation of patients for recurrent angioedema without wheals must take into account both specific clinical signs and symptoms and spe...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2013.07.001
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma is characterized by persistent airway inflammation, which is associated with airway hyperresponsiveness and variable airflow obstruction, which accounts for the majority of symptoms experienced by asthmatic patients. Allergen sensitization and inhalation causes airway inflammation, and is likely important in th...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2005.05.005
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prevalence of allergic diseases has been increasing due to multiple factors, among which climate change has had the most impact. Climate factors increase production of pollen, which also exhibits increased allergenicity. Also, as a result of climate change, there has been a shift in flowering phenology and pollen init...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2020.09.006
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease is a clinical syndrome characterized by severe, persistent asthma, hyperplastic eosinophilic sinusitis with nasal polyps, and reactions to aspirin and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs that preferentially inhibit cyclooxygenase 1. The mechanisms behind the therapeutic ef...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2012.11.003
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heterogeneous presentations of disease pose particular diagnostic and management challenges to the clinician. Progestogen hypersensitivity (PH) classically consists of hypersensitivity symptoms to endogenous progesterone during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. However, with the rise of assisted fertility and t...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2017.07.006
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical agents cause approximately 40% of cases of occupational asthma (OA). Diagnosis of OA caused by chemicals relies on the demonstration of decrements in lung function at the workplace or during a controlled specific inhalation challenge to the suspect chemical agent. Evaluation of workers is accomplished best wi...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8561(02)00084-x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
