Abstract：
:Heterogeneous presentations of disease pose particular diagnostic and management challenges to the clinician. Progestogen hypersensitivity (PH) classically consists of hypersensitivity symptoms to endogenous progesterone during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. However, with the rise of assisted fertility and the exponential growth in the use of exogenous progestins for contraception, PH's prevalence and symptom heterogeneity have increased. In this article, we focus on the clinical approach to PH diagnosis with an emphasis on key elements of the history, physical, and testing modalities. We also review the current evidence for successful management and treatment across a broad range of patients.
journal_name
Immunol Allergy Clin North Amjournal_title
Immunology and allergy clinics of North Americaauthors
Foer D,Buchheit KMdoi
10.1016/j.iac.2017.07.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-11-01 00:00:00pages
773-784issue
4eissn
0889-8561issn
1557-8607pii
S0889-8561(17)30079-6journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Respiratory symptoms and asthma control questionnaires are poor predictors of the presence or severity of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), and objective measurement is recommended. To optimize the chance of a positive test result, there are several factors to consider when exercising patients for EIB, inclu...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2013.02.006
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first rule of environmental allergen control is that avoidance is appropriate for allergic patients with asthma. Although this rule is obvious to allergists, it frequently is not considered by families and physicians who are not trained in allergy. The next step in environmental avoidance is to determine the speci...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8561(03)00003-1
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a heterogeneous disease and many attempts have been made to define subsets of patients based on clinical characteristics. However, the current characterization of patients with AD might not adequately reflect the pathophysiologic diversity within patients with AD. This article reviews current...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2016.08.008
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thus far, the most effective strategy for the prevention of food allergy is early introduction of allergenic solids to at-risk infants. Early skin moisturization may have a role in food allergy prevention. There is insufficient evidence for hydrolyzed formula as a means of allergy prevention. Studies on vitamin D, ome...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2019.06.001
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last decade, gene therapy for adenosine deaminase deficiency has been developed as a successful alternative strategy to allogeneic bone marrow transplant and enzyme replacement therapy. Infusion of autologous hematopoietic stem cells, corrected ex vivo by retroviral vectors and combined to low-intensity conditi...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2010.02.003
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with multiple phenotypes. There are no tissue or bronchoalveolar lavage biomarkers that are "specific" for asthma. Markers associated with eosinophilic, neutrophilic, and paucigranulocytic asthma are discussed here, and those for remodeling. Efforts are to compare tissue and lavage bi...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2007.09.003
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although it is not yet known how many genes may contribute to the susceptibility or the severity of asthma and related phenotypes, genome-wide screens and positional cloning techniques have been successful in identifying contributing genes in multiple populations. The results of these studies provide additional insigh...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2005.09.003
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Excessive dynamic airway collapse is a relatively new diagnosis separate from tracheobronchomalacia that is manifested by functional collapse of the large airways. Most commonly described in patients with underlying obstructive lung disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, it may contribute to...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2018.01.006
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO) defines a subgroup of patients with asthma who have persistent airflow obstruction or patients with COPD who may exhibit variable airflow limitation and/or evidence of type 2 inflammation. Additional investigations are needed to determine whether ACO re...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2020.07.002
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allergic rhinitis and asthma should be considered as organ-specific inflammatory diseases in which the genetic background has determined a local overproduction of Th2-type cytokines and an over-expansion of particular APCs and T cells. Among the latter, a potential pathogenetic role could be assumed for natural killer...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2006.11.004
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most common immunologic disease in industrialized societies and has a significant impact on quality of life. Most asthmatics also have rhinitis. AR may present with comorbidities, including chronic otitis media with effusion, cough, and pollen-food cross-reactivity. AR may occur in isolat...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2015.12.003
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes the efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of CAIV-T. This vaccine has the potential to significantly contribute to the control of influenza infection and influenza-associated illnesses, including febrile otitis media and lower respiratory disease. When compared with inactivated vaccine, CAIV-T ha...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8561(03)00098-5
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The symptomatic hypereosinophilic patient must be approached in a stepwise manner, with thorough assessment to determine whether the hypereosinophilia itself is contributing to damage and disease manifestations (thereby defining a hypereosinophilic syndrome), and to identify an eventual cause of hypereosinophilia, fol...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2015.05.006
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cause of eosinophilic esophagitis remains unknown, but its epidemiology and clinical features provide pieces to the puzzle. Eosinophilic esophagitis probably emerged in the 1950s or early 1960s, has an increasing incidence, occurs in most developed countries, is related to food allergies, affects adults and childr...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2008.09.005
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exercise-induced anaphylaxis is an uncommon disorder in which anaphylaxis occurs in response to physical exertion. Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis is a disorder with similar symptoms, although symptoms develop only if exercise takes place within a few hours of eating and, in most cases, only if a specific ...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2015.01.005
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mastocytosis is characterized by accumulation of pathologic mast cells in tissues. Most patients with mastocytosis experience mast cell activation symptoms in response to various triggers. The diagnosis of mastocytosis should be made from objective pathologic findings. Modern diagnostic criteria and classification of ...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2014.02.003
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several biologics are currently FDA approved for asthma that target Th2 high patients. Unfortunately, 50% of patients with severe asthma do not fit this phenotype of disease and have fewer effective therapeutic options. In the clinical setting, total IgE, FeNO and peripheral blood eosinophils are important tools in de...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2017.01.007
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mastocytosis is a World Health Organization-defined clonal mast cell disorder characterized by significant clinicopathologic heterogeneity. Despite this diversity, a mutation of the KIT gene, most commonly D816V, is found in almost all cases and believed a driver lesion. Peripheral blood allele-specific oligonucleotid...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2018.04.005
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) encompass a variety of disorders including eosinophilic esophagitis (EE), eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG), and eosinophilic colitis. Although the pathogenesis of EGIDs is still poorly understood, dietary food antigens have been shown to cause EGIDs through several short...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2008.10.006
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recurrent infections in children are a cause for concern. It is essential to distinguish simple recurrent infections caused by exposures in the day care or school settings from those caused by inherent deficiencies in the immune system or other systemic diseases. Multiple diagnostic tools are available for the evaluat...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2015.07.005
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article focuses on issues of safety and monitoring when immunosuppressive pharmacologic therapies are prescribed for the treatment of connective tissue disease (CTD)-associated interstitial pneumonias, vasculitides, and bronchiolitis. Prospective, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials have yet to be perfo...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2012.07.001
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Food allergy is an emerging epidemic in the United States and the Western world. The determination of factors that make certain foods allergenic is still not clearly understood. Only a tiny fraction of thousands of proteins and other molecules is responsible for inducing food allergy. In this review, the authors prese...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2011.12.003
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angioedema usually occurs within the setting of allergic diseases or urticaria, but situations occur in which angioedema itself represents a disease, such as in hereditary angioedema. Evaluation of patients for recurrent angioedema without wheals must take into account both specific clinical signs and symptoms and spe...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2013.07.001
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of aging, susceptibility to tumors, and immunity is at an initial stage, and numerous excellent questions challenge immunologists and tumor biologists. Because unpredicted factors contribute to tumor susceptbility in the human population, the authors feel that the development of an animal model is essential ...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8561(02)00085-1
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction. After appropriate diagnosis, the management in school-aged children centers on 3 broad domains: pharmacologic treatment, treatment of underlying comorbidities, and education of the patient and caregivers. It is important to unde...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2018.12.004
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:"Nonallergic rhinitis" (NAR) is defined by intermittent or persistent nasal symptoms without evidence of immunoglobulin E-mediated sensitization to relevant aeroallergens. The largest subgroup is idiopathic, and is characterized by nasal hyperreactivity to nonspecific environmental triggers, including temperature, hum...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2015.12.013
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asthma is an inflammatory condition of both the small and large airways. Recently the small airways have gained attention as studies have shown significant inflammation in the small airways in all severities of asthma. This inflammation has correlated with peripheral airway resistance and as a result, noninvasive meth...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2016.03.009
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are many conditions that may present with swelling that mimics angioedema. When swelling persists for greater than a few days or is unresponsive to treatment for urticaria/angioedema, other etiologies should be considered. In most instances, a thorough history and physical examination will define other etiologie...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2006.09.006
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The psychologic and behavioral components of sickness represent, together with fever response and associated neuroendocrine changes, a highly organized strategy of the organism to fight infection. This strategy, referred to as sickness behavior, is triggered by the proinflammatory cytokines produced by activated cells...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2009.02.002
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allergic rhinitis affects a large portion of the population. Patients are frequently sensitized to indoor allergens. The most important contributors are house dust mites, pets, and fungi. In very controlled environments where allergen exposure is significantly reduced, individuals have been shown to have clinical impr...
journal_title：Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.iac.2011.05.005
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
