An emerging role for PtdIns(4,5)P2-mediated signalling in human disease.

abstract：:Genes encoding glutamate receptor channel subunits were identified in genomes from Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans by homology search with amino acid sequences that participate in the conserved channel pore. The predicted sequences of the putative glutamate receptor subunits revealed a distinct chan...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Sprengel R,Aronoff R,Völkner M,Schmitt B,Mosbach R,Kuner T

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the past six months, isolation of cDNA or genomic clones has been reported for three 5-HT receptors, the 5-HT1C, 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 subtypes. As members of the G protein receptor superfamily, all three 5-HT receptor clones encode single-subunit proteins containing approximately 450 amino acids arrayed as seven in...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Hartig PR

更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past decade a great number of genes encoding high- and low-voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels and their accessory subunits have been cloned. Studies of Ca(2+) channel structure-function relationships and channel regulation using cDNA expression in heterologous expression systems have revealed intricate detai...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Muth JN,Varadi G,Schwartz A

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Zn(2+) is the second most prevalent trace element in the body and is present in particularly large concentrations in the mammalian brain. Although Zn(2+) is a cofactor for many enzymes in all tissues, a unique feature of brain Zn(2+) is its vesicular localization in presynaptic terminals, where its release is dependen...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Weiss JH,Sensi SL,Koh JY

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Controversy over the meaning of pharmacological parameters often arises because of a lack of appreciation of different hierarchical levels of analysis. In a recent letter in Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, Zhang and Kavana [1] concluded that my two-state model for allosterism lacks cooperativity, even though Figur...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Ehlert FJ

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:All currently available general anesthetics produce potentially deadly side effects. Unfortunately, few approaches have been developed to design safer ones, despite important advances in anesthetic mechanisms research. Cayla and colleagues recently showed that computational methods can be used to identify anesthetic l...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： McGrath M,Pence A,Raines DE

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress is a key pathologic factor in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases (AD, PD). The failure of free-radical-scavenging antioxidants in clinical trials pinpoints an urgent need to identify and to block major sources of oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. As a maj...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Gao HM,Zhou H,Hong JS

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inappropriate production of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin contributes to the pathogenesis of common iron disorders. Absolute or relative deficiency of hepcidin causes iron overload in hereditary hemochromatosis and iron-loading anemias. Elevated hepcidin causes iron restriction in inflammatory conditions includ...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Ruchala P,Nemeth E

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Efforts to model and reengineer the putative binding sites of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have led to an approach that combines small-molecule 'classical' medicinal chemistry and gene therapy. In this approach, complementary structural changes (e.g. based on novel ionic or H-bonds) are made in the receptor and...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Jacobson KA,Gao ZG,Liang BT

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)(2C) receptor has received considerable attention as a target for treating drug addiction. 5-HT(2C)-receptor agonism, however, also induces side-effects. In this article, we review recent findings regarding the involvement of 5-HT(2C) receptors in behaviours related to drug addiction in a...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Müller CP,Carey RJ

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apoptosis plays a key role in tumour biology, and the induction of apoptosis forms a cornerstone of most anticancer therapies. New developments in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have taken these techniques far beyond their original roles as the workhorses of structur...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Hakumäki JM,Brindle KM

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been over 50years since Sir James Black developed the first beta adrenergic receptor (βAR) blocker to treat heart disease. At that time, the concept of cell surface receptors was relatively new and not widely accepted, and most of the tools currently used to characterize plasma membrane receptors had not been d...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Kobilka BK

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The alpha-adrenoceptor was subdivided into three subtypes: alpha 2A-, alpha 2B- and alpha 2C-adrenoceptors almost ten years ago. Since then, the search has been on to discover and develop subtype-selective agonists and antagonists, but as yet no major breakthrough has been made. In the past year, several strains of ge...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： MacDonald E,Kobilka BK,Scheinin M

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An unlikely animal model is gaining popularity in neuropharmacological research: the 2-mm fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster). Drugs have been administered to adult flies in their food and, more recently, via gasses and injections. Pharmacological tools have introduced behavioral alterations in Drosophila reminiscent ...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Manev H,Dimitrijevic N,Dzitoyeva S

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tissue factor (TF) is the cellular receptor and cofactor for blood coagulation factor VII (FVII). Exposure of flowing blood to cells that express TF leads to the initiation of blood coagulation. A recent study of mice expressing low levels of TF has demonstrated the importance of TF and FVII in maintaining adequate ha...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： McVey JH

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this Opinion is to present a case for targeting sphingosine kinase 2 (SK2) in autoimmune/inflammatory disease. Data obtained using Sphk2-/- mice suggest that SK2 is an anti-inflammatory enzyme, although this might be misleading because of a compensatory increase in the expression of a second isoform, sp...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Pyne NJ,Adams DR,Pyne S

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has been used for modeling cancer and as an in vivo tool for the validation and/or development of cancer therapeutics. The impetus for the use of Drosophila in cancer research stems from the high conservation of its signaling pathways, lower genetic redundancy, short life cycle, g...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Yadav AK,Srikrishna S,Gupta SC

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have proposed a functional link between annexin 1 (ANXA1), an endogenous anti-inflammatory mediator, and receptors of the formyl-peptide family. In particular, exogenous and endogenous ANXA1 and its peptidomimetics interact with one member of this family, the formyl-peptide-receptor-like 1. Further anal...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Perretti M

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally accepted that muscle wasting is caused by an increase in protein breakdown which seems to be associated with an ATP-dependent, non-lysosomal proteolytic system based on conjugation of proteins to the small polypeptide ubiquitin. Increases in ubiquitin conjugates and in ubiquitin mRNAs are found in the ...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Argilés JM,López-Soriano FJ

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From the deep part of the main ligand-binding crevice, a minor, often shallower pocket extends between the extracellular ends of transmembrane domains (TM)-I, II, III and VII of 7TM receptors. This minor binding pocket is defined by a highly conserved kink in TM-II that is induced by a proline residue located in one o...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Rosenkilde MM,Benned-Jensen T,Frimurer TM,Schwartz TW

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past decade remarkable progress in molecular genetics and the possibility of manipulating cells so that the expression of genes can directly 'report' on drug activity has produced major changes in drug development strategies. The recent description and pharmacological validation of reporter mice for in vivo...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Maggi A,Ottobrini L,Biserni A,Lucignani G,Ciana P

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in schizophrenia (SZ) research indicate that the telencephalic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurotransmission deficit associated with this psychiatric disorder probably is mediated by the hypermethylation of the glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD(67)), reelin and other GABAergic promoters. A ph...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Guidotti A,Dong E,Kundakovic M,Satta R,Grayson DR,Costa E

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept that receptors can exist in multiple conformational states is becoming a physical reality. A fundamental question is how many active states need to be proposed in order to account for pharmacological observations, in particular, the finding that the same receptor type can exhibit a different agonist pharma...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Leff P,Scaramellini C,Law C,McKechnie K

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current classification for 5-HT2 receptors accommodates three subtypes. In addition to the originally defined 5-HT2 receptor, sanctuary is now provided for the structurally related 5-HT1c receptor (now 5-HT2c) and at least one atypical 5-HT receptor subtype. The strong functional union of this family is reflected ...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Baxter G,Kennett G,Blaney F,Blackburn T

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heat shock proteins (HSPs) constitute a large family of proteins involved in protein folding and maturation whose expression is induced by heat shock or other stressors. The major groups are classified based on their molecular weights and include HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, and large HSPs. HSPs play a significa...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Wu J,Liu T,Rios Z,Mei Q,Lin X,Cao S

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This year marks the 90th anniversary of the publication of Hans Horst Meyer's classic paper in which he proposed that the ability of a substance to produce narcosis or anesthesia is governed by its partition coefficient. In this article, Robert Lipnick describes the experiments carried out by Meyer and his colleagues ...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Lipnick RL

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcription factors comprise just over 7% of the human proteome and serve as gatekeepers of cellular function, integrating external signal information into gene expression programs that reconfigure cellular physiology at the most basic levels. Surface-initiated cell signaling pathways converge on transcription facto...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Filtz TM,Vogel WK,Leid M

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within five years of discovering endothelin (ET-1) in 1988, the first report of an orally available ET receptor antagonist was published. Within twelve years, bosentan, the first ET receptor antagonist to gain marketing authorization, was made available for the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Since t...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Dhaun N,Pollock DM,Goddard J,Webb DJ

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protease-activated receptors (PARs) are a ubiquitously expressed class of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that enable cells to respond to proteases in the extracellular environment in a nuanced and dynamic manner. PAR1 is the archetypal family member and has been the object of large-scale drug development programs...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Flaumenhaft R,De Ceunynck K

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the past decade, translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), previously named peripheral benzodiazepine receptor, has gained a great deal of attention based on its use as a clinical biomarker of neuroinflammation with therapeutic potential. However, there is a paucity of knowledge on the function(s) of TSPO in glial ce...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Guilarte TR,Loth MK,Guariglia SR

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00