Beta IV tubulin is selectively expressed by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system.

abstract：:Stellate ganglion neurons, important mediators of cardiopulmonary neurotransmission, are surrounded by satellite glial cells (SGCs), which are essential for the function, maintenance, and development of neurons. However, it remains unknown whether SGCs in adult sympathetic ganglia exhibit any functional diversity, and...

journal_title：Glia

authors： van Weperen VYH,Littman RJ,Arneson DV,Contreras J,Yang X,Ajijola OA

更新日期：2021-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Bmi1 is a polycomb group (Pc-G) protein involved in heritable gene repression, maintenance of cell identity, and proliferation. During the development of the central nervous system, Bmi1 is crucial for self-renewal of neural stem cells and for proliferation of neuronal (granule cell) progenitors of the cerebellum. Her...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zhang X,Santuccione A,Leung C,Marino S

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia respond rapidly to injury, increasing their synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators, many of which contribute to the maintenance of persistent pain following CNS or PNS injury. We have recently shown that the lysosomal cysteine protease Cathepsin S (CatS) expressed by spinal microglia is vital for th...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Clark AK,Wodarski R,Guida F,Sasso O,Malcangio M

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NG2 cells (polydendrocytes) are the fourth major non-neuronal cell type in the central nervous system parenchyma. They exhibit diverse properties, ranging from their well-established role as oligodendrocyte precursors to their ability to respond to neurotransmitters released by synaptic and non-synaptic mechanisms. Th...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hill RA,Nishiyama A

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes are thought to exert diverse functions in the brain, but it has been difficult to prove this in vivo because of a scarcity of tools to manipulate these cells. Here, we report the generation of new transgenic mouse lines that allow for conditional gene ablation in astrocytes using the tamoxifen- (TAM-) induc...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Slezak M,Göritz C,Niemiec A,Frisén J,Chambon P,Metzger D,Pfrieger FW

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood macrophages and brain macrophages (microglia) have been implicated in demyelination and destruction of the oligodendrocyte in multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease affecting primarily white matter of the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we demonstrate that at high effector to target cell ratios, normal ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Merrill JE,Zimmerman RP

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was performed in order to follow the response of rat cerebellum astroglial cells (Bergmann glial cells and astrocytes) to long-term portacaval shunt (PCS), by means of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin immunoreactivities. Bergmann glia accumulated GFAP in response to PCS, whereas as...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Suárez I,Bodega G,Arilla E,Rubio M,Villalba R,Fernández B

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have compared the effects of platelet-derived (PDGF) and basic fibroblast (bFGF) growth factors on the shape, migration, and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, the precursors of myelin-forming cells in the CNS. In the presence of bFGF, oligodendrocyte progenitors purified from rat neonatal brain c...

journal_title：Glia

authors： McKinnon RD,Smith C,Behar T,Smith T,Dubois-Dalcq M

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The phenotype of a fully differentiated, mature Schwann cell is apparently largely determined by Schwann cell-axon interactions. In vitro, elevation of intracellular cAMP levels in Schwann cells induces a phenotype which resembles that of a mature, i.e., axon-related, Schwann cell. Therefore, an important role for cAM...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Mews M,Meyer M

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, sensory deficits, and visual problems. The pathological mechanism of SPMS remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of microglia, immune ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tanabe S,Saitoh S,Miyajima H,Itokazu T,Yamashita T

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are known to regulate several aspects of the development of the central nervous system. When microglia colonize the spinal cord, from E11.5 in the mouse embryo, they interact with growing central axons of dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons (SNs), which suggests that they may have some functions in SN devel...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Angelim MKSC,Maia LMSS,Mouffle C,Ginhoux F,Low D,Amancio-Dos-Santos A,Makhoul J,Le Corronc H,Mangin JM,Legendre P

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reaction of astroglia was investigated after unilateral destruction of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the primary visual cortex of adult albino rats. The destruction of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus was performed by stereotaxic injections of ibotenic acid, and the location was verified in Nissl s...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hajós F,Kálmán M,Zilles K,Schleicher A,Sótonyi P

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cannabinoid agonists might serve as neuroprotective agents in neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we examined this hypothesis in a rat model of Huntington's disease (HD) generated by intrastriatal injection of the mitochondrial complex II inhibitor malonate. Our results showed that only compounds able to activate CB2 r...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sagredo O,González S,Aroyo I,Pazos MR,Benito C,Lastres-Becker I,Romero JP,Tolón RM,Mechoulam R,Brouillet E,Romero J,Fernández-Ruiz J

更新日期：2009-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The synthesis, transport, and insertion of jimpy proteolipid protein and DM20 were studied in normal (158N) and jimpy (158JP) immortalized oligodendrocyte lines. Four different expression vectors encoding fusion proteins composed of native PLP and DM20 or jimpy PLP or DM20 were linked to enhanced green fluorescent pro...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ghandour MS,Feutz AC,Jalabi W,Taleb O,Bessert D,Cypher M,Carlock L,Skoff RP

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing evidence has suggested that astrocytes demonstrate striking regionally allocated functional heterogeneity. Here, we discuss how this spatiotemporally encoded diversity determines the astrocytic phenotype along a finely grained spectrum from neuroprotective to deleterious states. With increasing recognition ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Clarke BE,Taha DM,Tyzack GE,Patani R

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are CNS resident immune cells and a rich source of neuroactive mediators, but their contribution to physiological brain processes such as synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory is not fully understood. In this study, we used mice with partial depletion of IκB kinase β, the main activating kinase in the in...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kyrargyri V,Vega-Flores G,Gruart A,Delgado-García JM,Probert L

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the central nervous system, glial cells play an important role in inflammatory and immune responses, and opioid peptides have been identified as essential mediators between the nervous and the immune systems. We report the profound upregulation of the opioid-related nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) by inflammatory me...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Buzas B,Rosenberger J,Kim KW,Cox BM

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia survey the brain environment by sensing several types of diffusible molecules, among which extracellular nucleotides released/leaked from damaged cells have central roles. Microglia sense ATP or other nucleotides by multiple P2 receptors, after which they change into several different phenotypes. However, so...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Imura Y,Morizawa Y,Komatsu R,Shibata K,Shinozaki Y,Kasai H,Moriishi K,Moriyama Y,Koizumi S

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemokines and their receptors play a decisive role in tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we describe the expression of the CXCL16-CXCR6-system in human schwannomas of different localization and in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. The transmembrane chemokine CXCL16 and its receptor CXCR6/Bonzo were overe...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Held-Feindt J,Rehmke B,Mentlein R,Hattermann K,Knerlich F,Hugo HH,Ludwig A,Mehdorn HM

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To examine the neurochemical effects of chronic hypoxia on immature nervous tissue in vitro, mixed neuronal-glial cell cultures derived from fetal mice were exposed to 5% O2 for 24 or 48 h. Those cultures subjected to longer hypoxia manifested improved neuronal survival compared to those with the shorter insult, both ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sher PK,Hu SX

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The removal by phagocytosis of degenerated myelin is central for repair in Wallerian degeneration that follows traumatic injury to axons and in autoimmune demyelinating diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis). We tested for roles played by the cAMP cascade in the regulation of myelin phagocytosis mediated by complement re...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Makranz C,Cohen G,Reichert F,Kodama T,Rotshenker S

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nogo-A is a potent glial-derived inhibitor of axon growth in the injured CNS and acts as a negative regulator of developmental angiogenesis by inhibiting vascular endothelial cell migration. However, its function in pathological angiogenesis has never been studied after ischemic injury in the CNS. Using the mouse mode...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Joly S,Dejda A,Rodriguez L,Sapieha P,Pernet V

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:alpha-Synuclein, a gene whose mutations, duplication, and triplication has been linked to autosomal dominant familial Parkinson's disease (fPD), appears to play a central role in the pathogenesis of sporadic PD (sPD) as well. Enhancement of neurodegeneration induced by mutant alpha-synuclein has been attributed to dat...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zhang W,Dallas S,Zhang D,Guo JP,Pang H,Wilson B,Miller DS,Chen B,Zhang W,McGeer PL,Hong JS,Zhang J

更新日期：2007-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike most bodily organs, the central nervous system (CNS) exists behind a blood-tissue barrier designed to minimize the passage of cells and macromolecules into the neural parenchyma. Yet, the CNS is routinely and effectively surveyed by the immune system. This review examines the mechanisms and participants in this...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hickey WF

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of Rho-kinase (ROCK) with Y27632 stimulates sprouting by injured corticospinal tract and dorsal column tract axons, and accelerates functional recovery. However, regeneration of these axons across the glial scar was not observed. Here we examined the effects of Y27632 treatment on chondroitin sulfate proteo...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chan CC,Wong AK,Liu J,Steeves JD,Tetzlaff W

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is the main component of intermediate filaments in astrocytes. To assess its function in astrocyte swelling, we compared astrocyte membrane properties and swelling in spinal cord slices of 8- to 10-day-old wild-type control (GFAP(+/+)) and GFAP-knockout (GFAP(-/-)) mice. Membrane...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Anderová M,Kubinová S,Mazel T,Chvátal A,Eliasson C,Pekny M,Syková E

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells make myelin, a specialized sheath that is essential for rapid axonal conduction of action potentials. Immature Schwann cells initially interact with many axons, but, through a process termed radial sorting, eventually interact with one segment of a single axon as promyel...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Raphael AR,Lyons DA,Talbot WS

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of adenylate cyclase in astroglial cells in culture results in a rapid change in cell shape that appears to occur by the active movement of cytoplasm from peripheral cell regions to the perinuclear space with processes being formed along regions that remain extended. Three series of experiments were designe...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Shain W,Bausback D,Fiero A,Madelian V,Turner JN

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The idea of a metabolic coupling between neurons and astrocytes in the brain has been entertained for about 100 years. The use recently of simple and well-compartmentalized nervous systems, such as the honeybee retina or purified preparations of neurons and glia, provided strong support for a nutritive function of gli...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tsacopoulos M,Poitry-Yamate CL,Poitry S,Perrottet P,Veuthey AL

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Schwann cells (SCs) and olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) have shown promise for spinal cord injury repair. We sought their in vivo identification following transplantation into the contused adult rat spinal cord at 1 week post-injury by: (i) DNA in situ hybridization (ISH) with a Y-chromosome specific probe to identif...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Pearse DD,Sanchez AR,Pereira FC,Andrade CM,Puzis R,Pressman Y,Golden K,Kitay BM,Blits B,Wood PM,Bunge MB

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00