Abstract:
:Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is the main component of intermediate filaments in astrocytes. To assess its function in astrocyte swelling, we compared astrocyte membrane properties and swelling in spinal cord slices of 8- to 10-day-old wild-type control (GFAP(+/+)) and GFAP-knockout (GFAP(-/-)) mice. Membrane currents and K(+) accumulation around astrocytes after a depolarizing pulse were studied using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. In vivo cell swelling was studied in the cortex during spreading depression (SD) in 3 to 6-month-old animals. Swelling-induced changes of the extracellular space (ECS) diffusion parameters, i.e., volume fraction alpha and tortuosity lambda, were studied by the real-time iontophoretic tetramethylammonium (TMA(+)) method using TMA(+)-selective microelectrodes. Morphological analysis using confocal microscopy and quantification of xy intensity profiles in a confocal plane revealed a lower density of processes in GFAP(-/-) astrocytes than in GFAP(+/+) astrocytes. K(+) accumulation evoked by membrane depolarization was lower in the vicinity of GFAP(-/-) astrocytes than GFAP(+/+) astrocytes, suggesting the presence of a larger ECS around GFAP(-/-) astrocytes. Astrocyte swelling evoked by application of 50 mM K(+) or by hypotonic solution (HS) produced a larger increase in [K(+)](e) around GFAP(+/+) astrocytes than around GFAP(-/-) astrocytes. No differences in alpha and lambda in the spinal cord or cortex of GFAP(+/+) and GFAP(-/-) mice were found; however, the application of either 50 mM K(+) or HS in spinal cord, or SD in cortex, evoked a large decrease in alpha and an increase in lambda in GFAP(+/+) mice only. Slower swelling in GFAP(-/-) astrocytes indicates that GFAP and intermediate filaments play an important role in cell swelling during pathological states.
journal_name
Gliajournal_title
Gliaauthors
Anderová M,Kubinová S,Mazel T,Chvátal A,Eliasson C,Pekny M,Syková Edoi
10.1002/glia.1084subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-09-01 00:00:00pages
189-203issue
3eissn
0894-1491issn
1098-1136pii
10.1002/glia.1084journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GLIA文献大全abstract::Elevated levels of Oncostatin M (OSM), an interleukin-6 family cytokine, have been observed in multiple sclerosis (MS), HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), and glioblastoma (GBM); however, its effects within the CNS are not well understood. OSM regulates gene expression primarily by activating the JAK/STAT,...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20989
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::C-erbB receptor/neuregulin signalling plays a significant role in Schwann cell function. In vivo, Schwann cells up-regulate expression of c-erbB receptors in the first month after injury, but receptor expression is down-regulated with time to levels that are not detectable immunohistochemically. The inability of chron...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electron donors glutathione and thioredoxin play many vital roles in the mechanisms of cells to cope with oxidative stress. Critical to such antioxidant functions are the ability to synthesize glutathione and keep it reduced via glutathione reductase and the ability to reduce oxidized-thioredoxin via thioredoxin r...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1098-1136(200009)31:3<241::aid-glia50>3.0.
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on their typical pattern of membrane currents, four populations of glial cells could be identified in thin brain slices of the postnatal hippocampus. In the present study, we applied the patch-clamp technique to glial cells in the hippocampal CA1 region, which are characterized by a complex pattern of different ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199607)17:3<181::AID-GLIA1
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our knowledge of astroglia and their physiological and pathophysiological role(s) in the central nervous system (CNS) has grown during the past decade, revealing a complex picture. It is becoming increasingly clear that glia play a significant role in the homeostasis and function of the CNS and that neurons should no ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20213
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) originate from restricted regions of the brain and migrate into the developing white matter, where they differentiate into oligodendrocytes and myelinate axons in the central nervous system (CNS). The molecular mechanisms that orchestrate these long distance trips of OPCs to popu...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22578
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The predominant glial cells of the drone retina (outer pigment cells) respond to an increase in extracellular [K+] (Ko) by a net uptake of K+; thus, they contribute to bringing Ko back toward its baseline value. The authors report herein that there is also a different mechanism by which light stimulation of the retina...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440020402
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) differentiate and mature into oligodendrocytes, which produce myelin in the central nervous system. Prior studies have shown that the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is necessary for proper myelination of the mouse spinal cord and that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) sign...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23776
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown previously that switching of the alpha v-associated beta1 and beta5 integrin subunits during differentiation of myelin-forming oligodendrocytes may regulate important aspects of cell behaviour such as migration (Milner et al., 1996: J Neurosci 16:7240-7252). In this study we have examined the development...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The consequences of sublytic terminal complement complex (TCC) assembly on Schwann cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined by using purified complement proteins (C5*-9) or antibody-sensitized Schwann cells in the presence of a serum that was depleted of the seventh component of complement (C7dHS) and reconstitu...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(200004)30:2<187::aid-glia8
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer stem cells (CSC) are essential for tumorigenesis. The transcription factor Sox2 is overexpressed in brain gliomas, and is essential to maintain CSC. In mouse high-grade glioma pHGG cells in culture, Sox2 deletion causes cell proliferation arrest and inability to reform tumors after transplantation in vivo; in S...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23914
更新日期:2021-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Much of the cell death following episodes of anoxia and ischemia in the mammalian central nervous system has been attributed to extracellular accumulation of glutamate and ATP, which causes a rise in [Ca(2+)](i), loss of mitochondrial potential, and cell death. However, restoration of blood flow and reoxygenation are ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22441
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last decade, microRNAs have been increasingly recognized as key modulators of glial development. Recently, we identified miR-125a-3p as a new player in oligodendrocyte physiology, regulating in vitro differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Here, we show that miR-125a-3p is upregulated in acti...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23819
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytic response in the immediate vicinity of freeze- and cobalt-induced lesions has been examined at the light and ultrastructural level. However, the temporal and spatial distribution of astrocytic reactivity throughout the rat cerebral cortex, using glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunolabeling, has not ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440030606
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The technology to generate autologous pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) from almost any somatic cell type has brought various cell replacement therapies within clinical research. Besides the challenge to optimize iPS protocols to appropriate safety and GMP levels, procedures need to be developed to differentiate iPS ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.21159
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The G protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) plays crucial roles in myelination. It is highly expressed during transition of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells to immature oligodendrocytes, but, after this stage, it must be down-regulated to allow generation of mature myelinating cells. After endocytosis, GPR17 is sorted i...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23015
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics and dynamics of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) assembly was explored by a fluorescence energy transfer assay method. Purified GFAP was stoichiometrically labeled at a single cysteine residue with fluorescein-maleimide. Soluble labeled GFAP in a low ionic strength buffer was assembled into 10 nm fi...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440040112
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggests that soluble amyloid β (Aβ) is an initiator of a cascade of events eventually leading to neurodegeneration. Recently, we reported that Aβ deranged Ca(2+) homeostasis specifically in hippocampal astrocytes by targeting key elements of Ca(2+) signaling, such as...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22502
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting predominantly motor neurons. Recent studies suggest that the disease progression of ALS is non-cell-autonomous, although the interaction between neurons and glial cells in different disease stages is not entirely clear. Here, we ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.21167
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have used C6 glial cells (2B clone), early and late passage, as well as advanced passages (8-17) of glial cells derived from aged (18-month-old) mouse cerebral hemispheres (MACH), as model systems for studying glial properties. In this study passages 20-24 were considered "early" and passages 73-90 were considered ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440060402
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rehabilitative therapies after stroke are designed to improve remodeling of neuronal circuits and to promote functional recovery. Only very little is known about the underlying cellular mechanisms. In particular, the effects of rehabilitative training on glial cells, which play an important role in the pathophysiology...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20632
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite decades of research, primary brain tumors, gliomas, lack effective treatment options and present a huge clinical challenge. Particularly, the most malignant subtype, Glioblastoma multiforme, proliferates extensively and cells often undergo incomplete cell divisions, resulting in multinucleated cells. We now pr...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20994
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroaxonal degeneration is a pathological hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS) contributing to irreversible neurological disability. Pathological mechanisms leading to axonal damage include autoimmunity to neuronal antigens. In actively demyelinating lesions, myelin is phagocytosed by microglia and blood-borne macroph...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22276
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a cause of major neurological disability, and no satisfactory treatment is currently available. Traumatic SCI directly damages the cell bodies and/or processes of neurons and triggers a series of endogenous processes, including neuroinflammatory response and reactive astrogliosis. In this s...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20972
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research has focused on soluble oligomeric assemblies of beta-amyloid peptides (Abeta) as the proximate cause of neuroinflammation, synaptic loss, and the eventual dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, tripchlorolide (T4), an extract of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F (TWHF), was stud...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20844
更新日期:2009-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) develop low-grade astrocytomas at an increased frequency. To gain insight into the function of the Nf1 gene product as a growth regulator for astrocytes, we examined mice heterozygous for a targeted Nf1 mutation. In our previous studies, we demonstrated increased numbers of p...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1098-1136(20010315)33:4<314::aid-glia1030>
更新日期:2001-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::In the central nervous system, glial cells play an important role in inflammatory and immune responses, and opioid peptides have been identified as essential mediators between the nervous and the immune systems. We report the profound upregulation of the opioid-related nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) by inflammatory me...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10106
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a critical relationship between oligodendrocyte development, myelin production, and iron bioavailability. Iron deficiency leads to hypomyelination both in humans and animal models, and the neurological sequelae of hypomyelination are significant. Therefore, understanding molecular mechanisms of iron import in...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.21164
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the peripheral anti-inflammatory effect of norepinephrine (NE) is well documented, the mechanism by which this neurotransmitter functions as an anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective agent in the central nervous system (CNS) is unclear. This article aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective effects ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22801
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytes are the most numerous cell type in the central nervous system. When cultured, these cells express a wide variety of receptors for neurotransmitters. Nonetheless, it has yet to be firmly established that adult astrocytes in situ express receptors for neurotransmitters. In this report the technique of combine...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440020507
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00