Identification and functional analysis of consensus androgen response elements in human prostate cancer cells.

Abstract:

:Androgen receptor (AR) recognizes and binds to 15-bp palindromic androgen response element (ARE) sequences with high affinity in vitro, which consist of two hexameric half-sites arranged as inverted repeats with a 3-bp spacer. Although a few near-consensus ARE sequences have been actually identified in the transcriptional regulatory regions of androgen-responsive genes, it has been unclear whether the exact consensus sequences function as bona fide AREs in vivo. A genome-wide in silico screening of palindromic AREs identified 563 exact consensus sequences in the human genome. The distribution of perfect palindromic AREs among the chromosomes is basically consistent with the length of chromosomes. Using human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP treated with a synthetic androgen R1881 as a model, in vivo AR binding abilities of 21 consensus AREs were analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Of 21 genomic fragments containing perfect AREs in chromosome X, 8 fragments recruited more ARs (>4-fold enrichment) even compared with the proximal ARE region of prostate-specific antigen. A couple of proximal genes or putative transcripts in the vicinity of the perfect AREs were found to be androgen-responsive analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. Our results suggest that some of perfect palindromic AREs could function as in vivo AR binding sites in the human genome and regulate gene transcription.

authors

Horie-Inoue K,Bono H,Okazaki Y,Inoue S

doi

10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.10.174

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2004-12-24 00:00:00

pages

1312-7

issue

4

eissn

0006-291X

issn

1090-2104

pii

S0006-291X(04)02515-X

journal_volume

325

pub_type

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