Abstract:
:Neuropsin and protease M/neurosin are serine proteases expressed by neurons and glial cells, and serve a variety of functions in the central nervous system (CNS). The current study demonstrates changes in the expression of these proteases following hemisection of the mouse spinal cord. Within unlesioned spinal cord, neuropsin mRNA expression was occasionally observed in the gray but not white matter, while the level of protease M/neurosin mRNA was higher in the white matter. After injury to the spinal cord, neuropsin mRNA expression was induced in the white matter in the area immediately adjacent to the lesion, peaking at 4 days post-injury and disappearing by 14 days. Enhanced expression of protease M/neurosin mRNA was observed throughout the white and gray matter surrounding the lesion, peaking at 4 days and persisting for 14 days. Neuropsin mRNA was expressed predominantly by CNPase-positive oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, most of these cells were also associated with immunoreactivity for protease M/neurosin protein. Within unlesioned spinal cord, most protease M/neurosin mRNA-expressing cells were CNPase-positive oligodendrocytes, and a substantial fraction of these cells also showed immunoreactivity for NG2, a marker for oligodendrocyte progenitors. After injury, protease M/neurosin mRNA expression within NG2-positive cells was significantly decreased, while the constitutive expression in CNPase-positive oligodendrocytes appeared to be preserved. These findings suggest that each subpopulation of oligodendrocytes based on the expression of neuropsin and protease M/neurosin has different roles in the response of the spinal cord to injury as well as in normal homeostasis.
journal_name
Gliajournal_title
Gliaauthors
Terayama R,Bando Y,Takahashi T,Yoshida Sdoi
10.1002/glia.20058subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-11-01 00:00:00pages
91-101issue
2eissn
0894-1491issn
1098-1136journal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GLIA文献大全abstract::Previous studies suggest that glial cells contribute to synaptogenesis in specific neurons from the postnatal CNS. Here, we studied whether this is true for Purkinje cells (PCs), which represent a unique neuronal cell type due to their large size, massive synaptic input, and high vulnerability. Using new glia-free cul...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20943
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is known to interact with cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Here we report that, interestingly, it is a potent inductor of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the CNS of infected animals and in pure cultures of astrocytes. Maximal IL-6 gene transcription in glial cells, as ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440090106
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study describes a method to inhibit selectively the microglial cell proliferation following peripheral nerve injury. Continuous infusion of cytosine-arabinoside (ARA-C) from an osmotic minipump to the fourth ventricle or cisterna magna completely blocks the proliferation of microglial cells that normally o...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440070404
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rehabilitative therapies after stroke are designed to improve remodeling of neuronal circuits and to promote functional recovery. Only very little is known about the underlying cellular mechanisms. In particular, the effects of rehabilitative training on glial cells, which play an important role in the pathophysiology...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20632
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have analysed in detail the properties of oligodendrocyte-type-2 astrocyte (O-2A) progenitor cells derived from the spinal cords of adult rats to gain further insights into the mechanisms that control the generation of oligodendrocytes in the healthy and demyelinated adult central nervous systems (CNS). When O-2A p...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199601)16:1<16::AID-GLIA3>
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we investigated the involvement of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the brain of the dystrophin-deficient mdx mouse, an experimental model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). To this purpose, we used two tight junction markers, the Zonula occludens (ZO-1) and claudin-1 proteins, and a glial marker, th...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10216
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study the distribution of astrocytes in the nerve fiber layer (NFL) has been studied in the sparsely vascularized retinae of the guinea pig and horse and in the richly vascularized retina of the Old World monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops) using immunocytochemical methods. In the guinea pig retina glial fi...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440010109
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular matrix molecules are involved in the cellular functions of proliferation, migration, morphological differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. One candidate molecule of the extracellular matrix is the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan neurocan. To determine whether neurocan expression is regulated by neuron...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20329
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia survey the brain environment by sensing several types of diffusible molecules, among which extracellular nucleotides released/leaked from damaged cells have central roles. Microglia sense ATP or other nucleotides by multiple P2 receptors, after which they change into several different phenotypes. However, so...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22517
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radial glia are neural stem cells that exist only transiently during central nervous system (CNS) development, where they serve as scaffolds for neuronal migration. Their instability makes them difficult to study, and therefore we have isolated stabilized radial glial clones from E14.5 cortical progenitors (e.g., L2.3...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20643
更新日期:2008-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Regeneration in the adult central nervous system (CNS) is thought to be hampered by the lesion-induced activation of astrocytes and meningeal cells and the consecutive formation of a glial scar. The substrate properties of reactive astrocytes differ significantly from their neonatal counterparts, which promote axon gr...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199903)26:1<36::aid-glia4>
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sciatic nerve explants cultured either alone or in the presence of peritoneal macrophages were used to study prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) production following traumatic peripheral nerve injury. Although barely detectable at early time points (1-3 h in vitro), the production of PGE(2) and 6-keto-P...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10349
更新日期:2004-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor Ascl1 plays crucial roles in both oligodendrocyte development and neuronal development; however, the molecular target of Ascl1 in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) remains elusive. To identify the downstream targets of Ascl1 in OPCs, we performed gene expres...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22369
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The G protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) plays crucial roles in myelination. It is highly expressed during transition of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells to immature oligodendrocytes, but, after this stage, it must be down-regulated to allow generation of mature myelinating cells. After endocytosis, GPR17 is sorted i...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23015
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Even though the immune privileged status of the central nervous system (CNS) limits access of systemic immune cells through the blood brain barrier (BBB), an immune response can occur in this compartment with or without major breach of the BBB. In this review, we consider properties of resident cells of the CNS, that ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) develop low-grade astrocytomas at an increased frequency. To gain insight into the function of the Nf1 gene product as a growth regulator for astrocytes, we examined mice heterozygous for a targeted Nf1 mutation. In our previous studies, we demonstrated increased numbers of p...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1098-1136(20010315)33:4<314::aid-glia1030>
更新日期:2001-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effect of receptor blockade induced by an angiotensin II type-1 receptor antagonist (AT(1)-RB) on glial and vascular changes in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), a model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). OIR was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by exposure to 80% oxygen from postnatal (P) days 0-1...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20680
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An organism's response to stress requires activation of multiple brain regions. This can have long-lasting effects on synaptic transmission and plasticity that likely provide adaptive benefits. Recent evidence implicates not only neurones, but also glial cells in the regulation of the central response to stress. Inten...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/glia.23610
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to improve understanding of remodeling events in the glaucomatous optic nerve head, the migration of optic nerve head astrocytes was studied in vitro. Since elevated intraocular pressure is an important stress factor identified in glaucomatous eyes, optic nerve head astrocytes were incubated under physical st...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.1052
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injury to the mammalian spinal cord is accompanied by a delayed, secondary wave of oligodendrocyte apoptosis that arises several days after the initial injury. A strong candidate to support oligodendrocyte survival after spinal cord injury is the pleiotropic cytokine, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). In vitro, LIF po...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20177
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::alpha-Synuclein, a gene whose mutations, duplication, and triplication has been linked to autosomal dominant familial Parkinson's disease (fPD), appears to play a central role in the pathogenesis of sporadic PD (sPD) as well. Enhancement of neurodegeneration induced by mutant alpha-synuclein has been attributed to dat...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20532
更新日期:2007-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Pruning, the elimination of excess synapses is a phenomenon of fundamental importance for correct wiring of the central nervous system. The establishment of the cerebellar climbing fiber (CF)-to-Purkinje cell (PC) synapse provides a suitable model to study pruning and pruning-relevant processes during early postnatal ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23842
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transplantation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) results in efficient remyelination in animal models of demyelination. However, the experiments so far undertaken have not addressed the need for tissue-type matching to achieve graft-mediated remyelination. Examination of MHC expression (main determinant of all...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20425
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::RhoGTPases are molecular switches that integrate extracellular signals to perform diverse cellular responses. This ability relies on the network of proteins regulating RhoGTPases activity and localization, and on the interaction of RhoGTPases with many different cellular effectors. Myelination is an ideal place for Rh...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/glia.20752
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular reaction to injury in the mature central nervous system (CNS) has been extensively studied in both man and animals, while a detailed study of the reaction of the immature CNS to injury is lacking in the literature. This study was undertaken to elucidate the response of young astrocytes following injection...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440010306
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the mature central nervous system (CNS) regulated secretion of ATP from astrocytes is thought to play a significant role in cell signaling. Whether such a mechanism is also operative in the developing nervous system and, if so, during which stage of development, has not been investigated. We have tackled this quest...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20494
更新日期:2007-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Free glycine is known to have vital functions in the mammalian brain, where it serves mainly as both neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. Despite its importance, little is known about the metabolic pathways of glycine synthesis and degradation in the central nervous system. In this study, the pathway of glycine metabo...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199909)27:3<239::aid-glia5
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Measurements of extracellular space volume and imaging of intrinsic optical signals (IOSs) have shown that neuronal activity increases light transmittance by causing cellular swelling. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying these volume changes and the contribution of astrocyte swelling to the changes in tissue v...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10023
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injury to the preterm brain has a particular predilection for cerebral white matter. White matter injury (WMI) is the most common cause of brain injury in preterm infants and a major cause of chronic neurological morbidity including cerebral palsy. Factors that predispose to WMI include cerebral oxygenation disturbanc...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/glia.22658
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfated glycosaminoglycans (S-GAGs) were isolated from the pericellular (P), intracellular (I), and extracellular (E) compartments of astrocytes cultures from lateral (L) and medial (M) sectors of embryonic mouse midbrain; these sectors differ in their ability to support neurite growth (L, permissive, M, non-permissi...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199608)17:4<339::AID-GLIA8
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00