Abstract:
:Extracellular matrix molecules are involved in the cellular functions of proliferation, migration, morphological differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. One candidate molecule of the extracellular matrix is the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan neurocan. To determine whether neurocan expression is regulated by neuronal activity in the adult rat brain, we studied changes in hippocampal neurocan mRNA and protein expression following electrical stimulation of the perforant pathway in urethane-anesthetized rats. After 24 h of intermittent, unilateral 20 Hz stimulation, in situ hybridization revealed increased neurocan mRNA in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes bilaterally in all hippocampal subfields. These changes were quantified in the dentate molecular layer, the termination zone of the perforant pathway, using laser microdissection in combination with quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Immediately after 24 h stimulation, a six-fold upregulation was detected, which returned to control levels by 3 days post-stimulation. Neurocan immunoreactivity was similarly upregulated bilaterally. Immunostaining intensity reached a maximum by 4 days and returned to control levels by 14 days. The pattern of neurocan expression in the hippocampus depended on the intensity and duration of electrical stimulation. Under conditions of less intense afferent stimulation (4-24 h of 2.0 Hz paired-pulse stimulation, interpulse interval 40 ms), increases in neurocan mRNA and immunoreactivity were restricted to the ipsilateral termination zone of the stimulated perforant pathway. This layer-specific neurocan upregulation was not affected by intraperitoneal application of the NMDA-receptor antagonist MK-801. In conclusion, our data indicate that synaptic activity regulates the astrocytic expression of neurocan in a graded manner.
journal_name
Gliajournal_title
Gliaauthors
Schwarzacher SW,Vuksic M,Haas CA,Burbach GJ,Sloviter RS,Deller Tdoi
10.1002/glia.20329subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-05-01 00:00:00pages
704-14issue
7eissn
0894-1491issn
1098-1136journal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GLIA文献大全abstract::Oligodendroglia and Schwann cells synthesize myelin-specific proteins and lipids for the assembly of the highly organized myelin membrane of the motor-sensory axons in the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS), respectively, allowing rapid saltatory conduction. The isoforms of the main myelin proteins, the...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10014
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In myelinated axons, voltage-gated sodium channels specifically cluster at the nodes of Ranvier, while voltage-gated potassium channels are located at the juxtaparanodes. These characteristic localizations are influenced by myelination. During development, Nav1.2 first appears in the predicted nodes during myelination...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20008
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electron donors glutathione and thioredoxin play many vital roles in the mechanisms of cells to cope with oxidative stress. Critical to such antioxidant functions are the ability to synthesize glutathione and keep it reduced via glutathione reductase and the ability to reduce oxidized-thioredoxin via thioredoxin r...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1098-1136(200009)31:3<241::aid-glia50>3.0.
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of microglia-conditioned medium (MCM) on the inducible Nrf2 system in astrocyte-rich cultures were investigated by determination of glutathione (GSH) levels, γglutamylcysteine ligase (γGCL) activity, the protein levels of Nrf2, Keap1, the modulatory subunit of γGCL (γGCL-M) and activated MAP kinases (ERK1/...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.21151
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The removal by phagocytosis of degenerated myelin is central for repair in Wallerian degeneration that follows traumatic injury to axons and in autoimmune demyelinating diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis). We tested for roles played by the cAMP cascade in the regulation of myelin phagocytosis mediated by complement re...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20303
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plaque deposition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is known to decrease proliferation in neurogenic niches in AD mouse models, but the effects on cell proliferation and differentiation in other brain areas have not been studied in detail. We analyzed cell proliferation in the cortex of wild type (WT) and APPswePS1dE9 trans...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22295
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression profiling of distinct central nervous system (CNS) cell populations has been employed to facilitate disease classification and to provide insights into the molecular basis of brain pathology. One important cell type implicated in a wide variety of CNS disease states is the resident brain macrophage (microgl...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22754
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::By promoting cell proliferation, survival and maturation insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I is essential to the normal growth and development of the central nervous system. It is clear that IGF-I actions are primarily mediated by the type I IGF receptor (IGF1R), and that phosphoinositide 3 (PI3)-Akt kinases and MAP ki...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20984
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effect of receptor blockade induced by an angiotensin II type-1 receptor antagonist (AT(1)-RB) on glial and vascular changes in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), a model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). OIR was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by exposure to 80% oxygen from postnatal (P) days 0-1...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20680
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis, transport, and insertion of jimpy proteolipid protein and DM20 were studied in normal (158N) and jimpy (158JP) immortalized oligodendrocyte lines. Four different expression vectors encoding fusion proteins composed of native PLP and DM20 or jimpy PLP or DM20 were linked to enhanced green fluorescent pro...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10122
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) regulates oligodendrocyte (OLG) differentiation by mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Exposure of OLGs to NT-3 induces a significant increase in the levels of myelin basic protein (MBP). However, we found that this stimulation occurs in the absence of measurable effects on MBP gene promote...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20888
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bmi1 is a polycomb group (Pc-G) protein involved in heritable gene repression, maintenance of cell identity, and proliferation. During the development of the central nervous system, Bmi1 is crucial for self-renewal of neural stem cells and for proliferation of neuronal (granule cell) progenitors of the cerebellum. Her...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.21184
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The p75 neurotrophin receptor has been implicated in the regulation of multiple cellular functions that differ depending on the cell context. We have observed that p75(NTR) is strongly induced on astrocytes as well as neurons in the hippocampal CA3 region after seizures; however, the function of this receptor on these...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20857
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synemin, a very unique type VI intermediate filament (IF) protein, exhibits alternative splice variants termed alpha and beta. Unlike other IF proteins, synemin binds to actin-associated proteins, including alpha-actinin, vinculin, and alpha-dystrobrevin. Our previous work has demonstrated the presence of synemin in d...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20158
更新日期:2005-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroadapted Sindbis Virus (NSV) is a neuronotropic virus that causes hindlimb paralysis in susceptible mice and rats. The authors and others have demonstrated that though death of infected motor neurons occurs, bystander death of uninfected neurons also occurs and both contribute to the paralysis that ensues followin...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20359
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the peripheral anti-inflammatory effect of norepinephrine (NE) is well documented, the mechanism by which this neurotransmitter functions as an anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective agent in the central nervous system (CNS) is unclear. This article aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective effects ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22801
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia are the resident immune cells of the brain, which are important therapeutic targets for regulating the inflammatory responses particularly neurodegeneration in the aging human brain. The activation, chemotaxis and migration of microglia are regulated through G-protein coupled receptors by chemokines such as ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22543
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microglial cells are the resident macrophages that are involved in brain injuries and infections. Recent studies using transcranial two-photon microscopy have shown that ATP and P2Y receptors mediated rapid chemotactic responses of miroglia to local injury. However, the molecular mechanism for microglial chemotaxis to...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20500
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::17beta-estradiol (betaE(2)) is an effective neuroprotectant against hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced retinal neuronal cell death and light-induced photoreceptor degeneration. Müller cells are the principal macroglia responsible for supporting retinal neuronal survival, information processing and removing metabolic...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20291
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Much current knowledge of oligodendrocyte biology, the myelin-forming cells in the central nervous system, comes from cell culture studies mainly from postnatal rat tissue but mouse cells have been much more difficult to produce in large quantities. We have developed a high yield protocol for production of oligodendro...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20702
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive astrocytes are a common feature of various pathological conditions within the CNS. Morphological changes of reactive astrocytes include an altered nucleus-cytoplasm relationship, nuclear indentations, an increased amount of intermediate filaments, and an immunologically immature phenotype. Additionally, the n...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440050404
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myelination in corpus callosum plays important role for normal brain functions by transferring neurological information between various brain regions. However, the factors controlling expression of myelin genes in myelination are poorly understood. Here, CXXC5, a recently identified protein with CXXC-type zinc finger ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22932
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the onset of expression of the myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) mRNA and protein in the developing mouse central nervous system. In situ hybridization on brain sections at different stages of embryonic and postnatal development showed that MOG transcripts were first detected at birth in the me...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199609)18:1<39::AID-GLIA4>
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a platelet-derived bioactive sphingolipid that evokes a variety of biological responses. To understand the role of S1P in the central nervous system, we have examined the effect of S1P on the production of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and growth regulation of cort...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10180
更新日期:2003-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Severe transient focal cerebral ischemia causes brain infarction with a strong glial reaction. We have studied whether postischemic reactive glial cells express epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) following middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. We have also looked for signs of proliferating activity, as EGF...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199806)23:2<120::aid-glia3
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews how the uptake of neurotransmitter by glial amino acid transporters limits the spatial spread of transmitter to preserve the independent operation of nearby synapses, temporally shapes postsynaptic currents, and regulates the effects of tonic transmitter release. We demonstrate the importance of a...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/glia.20027
更新日期:2004-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::A major role for Müller cells in the retina is to buffer changes in the extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]o) resulting from light-evoked neuronal activity. The primary K+ conductance in Müller cells is the inwardly rectifying K+ channel Kir4.1. Since this channel is constitutively active, K+ can enter or exit Müller...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20271
更新日期:2006-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells make myelin, a specialized sheath that is essential for rapid axonal conduction of action potentials. Immature Schwann cells initially interact with many axons, but, through a process termed radial sorting, eventually interact with one segment of a single axon as promyel...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.21175
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biologically active lipid metabolite, platelet-activating factor (PAF), is thought to contribute to inflammatory processes and tissue damage in a variety of central nervous system (CNS) injuries. In previous studies, we found that after contusion spinal cord injury, treatment with a PAF antagonist led to significa...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10065
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mammalian brain peripheral benzodiazepine (PBZD) receptors are predominantly localized on astroglial cells. Previous studies utilizing whole membrane preparations from brain and peripheral organs of various species have indicated several distinctions between the drug-receptor interactions of the two prototypic PBZD...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440090306
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00