Compartmental distribution of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in lateral and medial midbrain astroglial cultures.

abstract：:Neuronal-glial interactions are important for normal brain function and contribute to the maintenance of the brain's extracellular environment. Damage to glial cells following traumatic brain injury (TBI) could therefore be an important contributing factor to brain dysfunction and neuronal injury. We examined the earl...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Zhao X,Ahram A,Berman RF,Muizelaar JP,Lyeth BG

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channels have been implicated in the mediation of retinal K+ homeostasis by Muller glial cells. To assess possible involvement of altered glial K+ channel expression in ischemia-reperfusion injury, transient retinal ischemia was induced in rat eyes. Acutely isolated Muller cells from posti...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Pannicke T,Uckermann O,Iandiev I,Biedermann B,Wiedemann P,Perlman I,Reichenbach A,Bringmann A

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is known to interact with cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Here we report that, interestingly, it is a potent inductor of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the CNS of infected animals and in pure cultures of astrocytes. Maximal IL-6 gene transcription in glial cells, as ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Rubio N,Sierra A

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biologically active lipid metabolite, platelet-activating factor (PAF), is thought to contribute to inflammatory processes and tissue damage in a variety of central nervous system (CNS) injuries. In previous studies, we found that after contusion spinal cord injury, treatment with a PAF antagonist led to significa...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hostettler ME,Knapp PE,Carlson SL

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reorganization of the adult dentate gyrus following unilateral entorhinal cortex lesion (ECL) is a well-established model for studying mechanisms of trauma-induced neuronal plasticity. The lesion induces deafferentiation of the outer molecular layer, which is accompanied by a strong astroglial reaction. This glial res...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Schröder W,Hager G,Kouprijanova E,Weber M,Schmitt AB,Seifert G,Steinhäuser C

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of sodium channel alpha-subunit isoforms in astrocytes cultured from P-0 rat spinal cord and P-7 rat optic nerve was examined utilizing immunocytochemical methods with antibodies generated against conserved and isoform-specific amino acid sequences of the rat brain sodium channel. In spinal cord culture...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Black JA,Westenbroek R,Minturn JE,Ransom BR,Catterall WA,Waxman SG

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last decade, microRNAs have been increasingly recognized as key modulators of glial development. Recently, we identified miR-125a-3p as a new player in oligodendrocyte physiology, regulating in vitro differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Here, we show that miR-125a-3p is upregulated in acti...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Marangon D,Boda E,Parolisi R,Negri C,Giorgi C,Montarolo F,Perga S,Bertolotto A,Buffo A,Abbracchio MP,Lecca D

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemokines and their receptors play a decisive role in tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we describe the expression of the CXCL16-CXCR6-system in human schwannomas of different localization and in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. The transmembrane chemokine CXCL16 and its receptor CXCR6/Bonzo were overe...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Held-Feindt J,Rehmke B,Mentlein R,Hattermann K,Knerlich F,Hugo HH,Ludwig A,Mehdorn HM

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Injury to the adult brain results in the formation of a glial scar that involves both activated astroglia and microglia/macrophages. Although reactive gliosis has been linked to failure of axonal regeneration in the adult mammalian CNS, the spatio-temporal pattern of the postlesion responses in morphology and distribu...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Stichel CC,Müller HW

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood macrophages and brain macrophages (microglia) have been implicated in demyelination and destruction of the oligodendrocyte in multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease affecting primarily white matter of the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we demonstrate that at high effector to target cell ratios, normal ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Merrill JE,Zimmerman RP

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type of the central nervous system and cover a broad range of functionalities. We report here the generation of a novel monoclonal antibody, anti-astrocyte cell surface antigen-2 (Anti-ACSA-2). Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry revealed that Anti-ACSA-2 ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kantzer CG,Boutin C,Herzig ID,Wittwer C,Reiß S,Tiveron MC,Drewes J,Rockel TD,Ohlig S,Ninkovic J,Cremer H,Pennartz S,Jungblut M,Bosio A

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial tumor cells derived from primary tissue express large voltage-gated Na(+) currents, whereas glioma cell lines usually lack this feature. We studied the effect of serum deprivation on the expression of Na(+) currents in two astrocytoma cell lines (1321N1 and A172). Serum deprivation for more than 2 days sufficed ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kraft R,Basrai D,Benndorf K,Patt S

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major role for Müller cells in the retina is to buffer changes in the extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]o) resulting from light-evoked neuronal activity. The primary K+ conductance in Müller cells is the inwardly rectifying K+ channel Kir4.1. Since this channel is constitutively active, K+ can enter or exit Müller...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Connors NC,Kofuji P

更新日期：2006-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The red nucleus (RN) has been widely used to study the formation and remodeling of synaptic connections during development and in post-lesion plasticity. Since glial cells are thought to contribute to synaptic plasticity, and information on functional properties of brain stem glia is missing, we analyzed voltage-gated...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Akopian G,Kuprijanova E,Kressin K,Steinhüser C

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe transient focal cerebral ischemia causes brain infarction with a strong glial reaction. We have studied whether postischemic reactive glial cells express epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) following middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. We have also looked for signs of proliferating activity, as EGF...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Planas AM,Justicia C,Soriano MA,Ferrer I

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a deadly neurodegenerative disease often caused by mutation in a gene called NPC1, which results in the accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and glycosphingolipids in the endosomal-lysosomal system. Most studies on the mechanisms of neurodegeneration in NPC have focused on neur...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chen G,Li HM,Chen YR,Gu XS,Duan S

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial growth factors are proteins encoded by the neuregulin gene and are thought to signal via receptor tyrosine kinases. Many neuregulin gene products bind heparin, and we hypothesize that affinity for heparin may implicate cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HeSPGs) as co-receptors for the soluble neuregulin...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Sudhalter J,Whitehouse L,Rusche JR,Marchionni MA,Mahanthappa NK

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes extend thin lamellate processes in the neuropil, in particular around synapses, where they can modulate synaptic function or mediate glial-neuronal communication. Previous studies have shown that these lamellate perisynaptic processes change their shape in response to neuronal activity, but the underlying m...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Derouiche A,Frotscher M

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The goal of this study was to investigate the reaction of the Müller cells to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Elevated IOP is one of the risk factors in glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration. Müller cells play an important role in retinal homeostasis. The reaction of Müller cells was examined by e...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Woldemussie E,Wijono M,Ruiz G

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The detection of nucleic acids by the innate immune system is an essential host response during viral infection. In recent years, a number of immune sensors capable of recognizing cytosolic DNA have been identified and include the PYHIN family members AIM2, IFI16, and p204 as well as the enzyme, cGAS. Activation of th...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Cox DJ,Field RH,Williams DG,Baran M,Bowie AG,Cunningham C,Dunne A

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are key players of the immune response in the central nervous system (CNS) and, being the resident innate immune cells, they are responsible for the early control of infections and for the recruitment of cells of the adaptive immune system required for pathogen clearance. The innate and adaptive immune respo...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lehnardt S

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gliogenesis in the mammalian CNS continues after birth, with astrocytes being generated well into the first two postnatal weeks. In this study, we have isolated an A2B5(+) astrocyte precursor (APC) from the postnatal rat forebrain, which is capable of differentiating into mature astrocytes in serum-free medium without...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Lin G,Goldman JE

更新日期：2009-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptors 7 (TLR7) and 9 (TLR9) are important mediators of innate immune responses. Both receptors are located in endosomal compartments, recognize nucleic acids, and signal via Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88). In the current study, we analyzed TLR7 and TLR9 induced activation of astrocytes and mic...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Butchi NB,Du M,Peterson KE

更新日期：2010-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Whole-cell membrane currents and imaging of intracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]i) were used to investigate the role of calcium in a response to serotonin of C6 glioma cells. Activation of a high-affinity serotonin receptor induced a transient rise in calcium concentration in these cells and activated a predom...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Manor D,Moran N,Segal M

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When the brain suffers injury, microglia migrate to the damaged sites and become activated. These activated microglia are not detected several days later and the mechanisms underlying their disappearance are not well characterized. In this study, we demonstrate that interleukin (IL)-13, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Yang MS,Park EJ,Sohn S,Kwon HJ,Shin WH,Pyo HK,Jin B,Choi KS,Jou I,Joe EH

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Schwann cells (SCs) and olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) have shown promise for spinal cord injury repair. We sought their in vivo identification following transplantation into the contused adult rat spinal cord at 1 week post-injury by: (i) DNA in situ hybridization (ISH) with a Y-chromosome specific probe to identif...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Pearse DD,Sanchez AR,Pereira FC,Andrade CM,Puzis R,Pressman Y,Golden K,Kitay BM,Blits B,Wood PM,Bunge MB

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Injection of Fluoro-Gold (FG) into the whisker pad of rats yields a stable retrograde labeling of facial motoneurons. After removal of 10 mm from the facial nerve the microglia phagocytose the FG-prelabeled dead neurons and assume the label. A subsequent brightfield immunostaining of the sections with HRP-DAB as end-p...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Angelov DN,Neiss WF,Streppel M,Walther M,Guntinas-Lichius O,Stennert E

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has become evident recently only that microglia are not only responsible for immunomodulatory functions in the brain but represent vital components of the larger synaptic formation, which also includes pre and postsynaptic neurones as well as astrocytes. Microglia critically contribute to CNS homeostasis by their a...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Blank T,Prinz M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NG2 cells (polydendrocytes) are the fourth major non-neuronal cell type in the central nervous system parenchyma. They exhibit diverse properties, ranging from their well-established role as oligodendrocyte precursors to their ability to respond to neurotransmitters released by synaptic and non-synaptic mechanisms. Th...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hill RA,Nishiyama A

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) play a critical role in immune-mediated demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), by regulating the viability of oligodendrocytes. Our previous studies show th...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Stone S,Wu S,Jamison S,Durose W,Pallais JP,Lin W

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00