Macrophages in tissues and in vitro.

abstract：:Dendritic cells are responsible for directing different types of T cell responses, from thymic negative selection to the generation of effector and memory cells and the induction of peripheral tolerance. Recent studies indicate that the dendritic cell lineage, the extent of recruitment into inflamed tissues and migrat...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Lanzavecchia A,Sallusto F

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mesenchymal microenvironment is increasingly recognized as a major player in immunity. Here we focus on mesenchymal cells located within or in proximity to the blood vessels wall, which include pericytes, adventitial fibroblasts and mesenchymal stromal cells. We discuss recent evidence that these cells play a role...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Benabid A,Peduto L

更新日期：2020-05-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The immune system is a delicately balanced network of interacting cells. In recent years, the concept of immune regulation/suppression has been firmly established, and both natural and induced regulatory cells play vital roles in protection from autoimmune disease. Recent work has revealed the diverse nature of regula...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Wraith DC,Nicolson KS,Whitley NT

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The surface and lining tissues of our body are exposed to the external environment, and as such these epithelial tissues must form structural barriers able to defend against microbes, environmental toxins, and mechanical stress. Their cells are equipped to detect a diverse array of surface perturbations, and then laun...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Larsen SB,Cowley CJ,Fuchs E

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major barrier to clinically successful pig-to-human xenotransplantation is antibody- and complement-dependent hyperacute rejection, known to be due to host anti-Galalpha(1,3)Gal antibodies. Strategies aimed at eliminating hyperacute rejection involve transgenic approaches to eliminate or reduce expression of Galal...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Sandrin MS,McKenzie IF

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptide-MHC interactions govern the fate of T cells in the thymus and the peripheral T cell repertoire. Recent progress has involved investigating how different peptides influence T cell selection and mature T cell function and the subsequent implications for tolerance and autoimmunity. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Ohashi PS

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type I diabetes has resisted direct genetic analysis in humans but two excellent models of disease in rodents provide a more readily manipulated alternative for study. These rodent models are being used successfully to localize the genes that are involved in disease pathogenesis in preparation for positional cloning. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： McDuffie M

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The emergence of new targeted therapies is rapidly improving the treatment of autoimmune disease. These drugs have been variably designed to deplete specific T and B cell subsets, interrupt receptor-ligand interactions, and inhibit the activity of inflammatory mediators relevant to immune function. Abatacept, a co-sti...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： St Clair EW

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the establishment of methods to isolate genes encoding cytotoxic T lymphocyte defined tumor antigens, several antigens have been identified and characterized for suitability as target antigens for immunotherapy. The development of innovative strategies to generate T cells targeting these antigens and lessons lea...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Yee C,Riddell SR,Greenberg PD

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Islets of Langerhans of all species harbor a small number of resident macrophages. These macrophages are found since birth, do not exchange with blood monocytes, and are maintained by a low level of replication. Under steady state conditions, the islet macrophages are in an activated state. Islet macrophages have an i...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Carrero JA,Ferris ST,Unanue ER

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In normal hematopoiesis, differentiation and maturation of cell populations belonging to various lineages are tightly regulated by the interaction of many transcription factors. The relative numbers of different myeloid cells depends on their proliferative/apoptotic rate, while their identity relates to their recruitm...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Sonda N,Chioda M,Zilio S,Simonato F,Bronte V

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Theileria parasites infect and transform cells of the ruminant immune system. Continuous proliferation and survival of Theileria-transformed cells involves the well-orchestrated activation of several host-cell signalling pathways. Constitutive NF-kappa B (nuclear factor kappa B) activation is accomplished by recruitin...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Dobbelaere DA,Küenzi P

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD8(+) T cells are key effector cells of the adaptive immune system, however their activity must be tightly regulated to allow pathogen clearance whilst preventing immunopathology and autoimmunity. In this review, we summarise the diversity of responses that CD8(+) T cells make to antigenic stimulation with a focus on...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Parish IA,Kaech SM

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Discovered during the past ten years, Janus kinases and signal transducers and activators of transcription have emerged as critical elements in cytokine signaling and immunoregulation. Recently, knockout mice for all the members of these families have been generated, with remarkably specific outcomes. Equally exciting...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Gadina M,Hilton D,Johnston JA,Morinobu A,Lighvani A,Zhou YJ,Visconti R,O'Shea JJ

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hybrid resistance refers to the rejection of parental strain bone marrow cells by natural killer cells of mice that are F1 hybrids derived from two inbred parental strains. This pattern of rejection is not seen in solid organ transplants. Progress in understanding this exception to the laws of transplantation genetics...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Kumar V,George T,Yu YY,Liu J,Bennett M

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophages specifically engulf apoptotic cells but not healthy cells. Phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) is localized at the inner leaflet of plasma membranes as a result of the action of flippases (ATP11A and 11C). When cells undergo apoptosis, caspase 3 cleaves and inactivates the flippases, while simultaneously cleaving ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Nagata S,Segawa K

更新日期：2020-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunological memory is broadly understood as the underlying mechanism by which an organism remembers previous encounters with pathogens, aberrant cells, or self-antigens to produce a more rapid or robust secondary response upon re-encounter. This phenomenon is widely accepted as the hallmark feature of the adaptive i...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Lau CM,Sun JC

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intestinal mucosa is continuously exposed to harmless exogenous antigens derived from food proteins and microbiota. Continuous surveillance by suppressive regulatory T cells prevents inflammatory responses to these antigens thereby maintaining intestinal homeostasis. The nature of the antigenic pressure varies at ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Veenbergen S,Samsom JN

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Simply detecting the presence or absence of Foxp3, a transcription factor characteristic of naturally occurring CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), now appears of minimal value in predicting the outcome of immunologic responses, since dividing human CD4+ effector T cells can induce Foxp3 without attaining repressiv...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Tao R,de Zoeten EF,Ozkaynak E,Wang L,Li B,Greene MI,Wells AD,Hancock WW

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid progress in the discovery of members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor/ligand superfamilies has been made, mainly with the help of massive DNA sequencing and bioinformatic studies. Biological studies of the new members have not only indicated overlapping roles with other members but also provided insights in...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Kwon B,Youn BS,Kwon BS

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The NLR (nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing) family of intracellular sensors is a crucial component of the innate immune system. A number of NLR family members can form multiprotein complexes, called inflammasomes, and are capable of activating the cysteine protease caspase-1 in response to a wid...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Pedra JH,Cassel SL,Sutterwala FS

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is growing evidence that different antigen-presenting cells use specialized mechanisms for antigen uptake. Macropinocytosis and the activity of the mannose receptor have been identified as efficient mechanisms of antigen capture in dendritic cells. The mechanism of uptake determines the intracellular compartment...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Lanzavecchia A

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is initially identified by its ability to support the growth and differentiation of activated B cells, overexpression of IL-5 significantly increases eosinophil numbers and antibody levels predominantly from an expanded population of B-1 cells in vivo. Conversely, mice lacking a functional g...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Takatsu K,Nakajima H

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in mass spectrometry technology have facilitated detailed examination of MHC-II immunopeptidomes, for example the repertoires of peptides bound to MHC-II molecules expressed in antigen presenting cells. These studies have deepened our view of MHC-II presentation. Other studies have broadened our view o...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Stern LJ,Santambrogio L

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formerly distinct fields of lymphocyte signal transduction and cytoskeletal remodeling have recently become linked, as proteins involved in transducing signals downstream of lymphocyte antigen receptors have also been implicated in actin cytoskeleton remodeling, microtubule dynamics and regulation of cell polarity...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Miletic AV,Swat M,Fujikawa K,Swat W

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Significant advances in research on the immunopathogenesis of leishmaniasis include the discovery of novel putative evasion and survival strategies of Leishmania parasites, a more detailed understanding of the function and regulation of interleukin-12, definition of molecules involved in cognate interaction between ma...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Bogdan C,Gessner A,Solbach W,Röllinghoff M

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accessory molecules are required for microbial recognition by Toll-like receptor (TLR), subsequent signaling, and regulation of ensuing immune responses. Accessory molecules regulate TLRs on the cell surface (MD-2 and RP105), or in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (Unc93B, PRAT4A, and gp96). Other types of accessory mol...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Akashi-Takamura S,Miyake K

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much has been learned recently about the structure and function of 55 kDa bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), a member of a genomically conserved lipid-interactive protein family. Analysis of BPI fragments and the crystal structure of human BPI have established that BPI consists of two functionally dis...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Elsbach P,Weiss J

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensing of RNA virus infection by the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) engages a complex signaling cascade that utilizes the mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) adapter protein to orchestrate the innate host response to pathogen, ultimately leading to the induction of antiviral and inflammatory responses mediated by t...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Belgnaoui SM,Paz S,Hiscott J

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The past few years have seen significant growth in the number of known chemokines. Along with expansion in this field has come an appreciation of a role for chemokines beyond the chemotaxis of leukocytes. In particular, it appears that these molecules may represent major products of activated lymphocytes and that, in ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Hedrick JA,Zlotnik A

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00