Abstract:
:PURPOSE: Nerve allografts are highly antigenic and, thus, require the continuous use of immunosuppressive drugs. FK 506 was found to pre-vent rejection successfully. However, clinically neurotoxic complications have been noted in the central and peripheral nervous system although an increased rate of axonal regeneration has also been shown after nerve crush experiments. To investigate whether a possible regeneration pro-moting potency of FK 506 is determined via an influence on Schwann cells, Schwann cells were cultured from the sciatic nerve of the rat. METHODS: The effect of 100 micro M FK 506 administered daily on these cultures was assessed microscopically over a period of seven days and compared to an untreated control group of cultures. Additionally, the changes in intracellular calcium were recorded using a laser scanning microscope. In vivo regeneration of autologous rat sciatic nerve grafts was assessed clinically, histologically and morphometrically after two and six weeks. The animals received a daily administration of 0.6 mg FK 506/kg body weight, the control received saline. RESULTS: In vitro FK 506 increased the Schwann cell number in culture significantly compared to non treated cultures, while the fibrocyte population was decreased. FK 506 caused a transient increase of intracellular calcium levels in cultured cells. In vivo, a significantly higher axon count was observed in the FK 506 treated grafts after two weeks regeneration compared with controls. Good regeneration was noted in all grafts after six weeks regeneration. CONCLUSIONS: The increased axon counts and decreased myelin debris in the FK 506 grafts after two weeks indicate an accelerated Wallerian degeneration and increased axon sprouting into the graft initially. The inhibition of calcineurin activity is not the mediator of the neurotrophic effect. FK 506 promotes axonal regeneration through binding to FKBP-12. The increase of intracellular calcium may induce Schwann cell pro-liferation via calmodulin. The therapeutic relevance for autologous nerve grafting, however, has to be defined in further studies.
journal_name
Restor Neurol Neuroscijournal_title
Restorative neurology and neuroscienceauthors
Fansa H,Keilhoff G,Horn T,Altmann S,Wolf G,Schneider Wsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-01-01 00:00:00pages
77-86issue
2eissn
0922-6028issn
1878-3627journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Robotic rehabilitation is a highly promising approach to recover lost functions after stroke or other neurological disorders. Unfortunately, robotic rehabilitation currently suffers from "motor slacking", a phenomenon in which the human motor system reduces muscle activation levels and movement excursions, o...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-180830
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Previous studies demonstrated that administering extradural cortical stimulation (ECS) to rats during the acute phase of a photothrombotic infarct enhances motor recovery. However, the effect of ECS during the subacute phase was unknown. We aimed to evaluate the effects of ECS on motor recovery in a rat model o...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-140445
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to gauge the possible sprouting of primary afferent fibers following dorsal rhizotomies using Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-LI) in order to label neurons activated by formalin injection into the rat forepaw. To assess the functional consequences of possible sprouting of fine diameter primary...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-1994-6304
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Several recent studies have demonstrated that following short-term monocular deprivation in normal adults, the patched eye, rather than the unpatched eye, becomes stronger in subsequent binocular viewing. However, little is known about the site and nature of the underlying processes. In this study, we examine t...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-140472
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothesis that a destabilization of mitochondrial function during neuronal exposure to excitatory amino acids may be involved in the mechanism of neuronal death was examined. The mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta(psi)m) and the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) were monitored simultaneously in single...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fetal neocortical block transplants were implanted into the excitotoxically ablated sensorimotor cortex of adult rats in order to examine the density of innervation and distribution of presumptive host derived afferent fibers within these transplants. Cholinergic fiber innervation was examined at 3 months post graftin...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-1994-7301
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Ischemic stroke is associated with a variety pathophysiological changes affecting both glial and neuronal brain tissue. These changes are mirrored in the release of specific proteins into peripheral blood. Neurone-specific enolase (NSE), protein S100B and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are those protein...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melatonin (MLT) is a methoxyindole secreted principally by the pineal gland. It is synthesized at night under normal environmental conditions. The endogenous rhythm of secretion is generated by the suprachiasmatic nuclei and entrained by the light/dark cycle. Light is able to both suppress or synchronize melatonin pro...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Granule cells of the dentate gyrus can be selectively destroyed by intrahippocampal injections of colchicine. The present study evaluates the consequences of this selective neuronal destruction on the afferent axon terminals which have been deprived of their normal targets. The area of the neuropil in the dentate gyru...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-1992-3605
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study investigated whether enrichment improves hindlimb movement following complete spinal cord transection and transplantation of olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG), with or without a Schwann cell (SC) bridge. METHODS:Motor activity was encouraged through provision of motor enrichment housing (MEH); a mult...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose: Damage of primary visual cortex in adult humans, monkeys and cats severely disrupts vision by disconnecting much of the cogni-tive processing machinery of extrastriate cortex from its source of visual signals in the retina. Equivalent lesions sustained early in life result in partial sparing of visual process...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Despite advances towards potential clinically viable therapies there has been only limited success in improving functional recovery following traumatic brain injury (TBI). In rats, exposure to an enriched environment (EE) improves learning and fosters motor skill development. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-140408
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Several studies have shown that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a useful tool to enhance language recovery in aphasia. It has also been suggested that modulation of the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) might be part of the mechanisms involved in tDCS effects on synaptic co...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-130323
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although neurotransmitter-based hypotheses still prevail current thinking about the mechanism of action of psychotropic drugs, recent insight into the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders has unveiled a range of new therapeutic actions of the drugs used to treat those disorders. Especially antidepressants seem to ...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3233/RNN-139004
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Axonotmesis of the left sciatic nerve was performed on adult male Wistar rats. T1 values of the crushed nerve samples were determined with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Denervation changes of the dependent hind plantar flexor muscles were assessed with proton magnetic resonance imaging of their cross-section...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-1992-4601
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::PURPOSE: Until recently, there has been a limited amount of research comparing functional and anatomical recovery following nerve injury. Previous studies emphasizing anatomical recovery (such as axonal number) have shown that testosterone promotes regeneration in crushed and transected nerves. The purpose of this stu...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hearing loss is becoming a real social and health problem. Its prevalence in the elderly is an epidemic. The risk of developing hearing loss is also growing among younger people. If left untreated, hearing loss can perpetuate development of neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia. Despite recent advan...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-190898
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess whether insights from postural control without additional visual feedback (VFB) could be gained to explain the possible VFB effects (or non-effects) on upright stance performance. METHODS:The center-of-pressure (CP) displacements of 39 patients with a recent hemispheric stroke (93 days ± 56; mean ± s...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-2010-0544
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries are severe burdens for the patients, their relatives, the health care providers and society as a whole. Recent data demonstrate the magnitude of the problem: It is mostly a disease of the young gen-eration (age 20-45 years) with mortality rates for severe traumatic brain injury...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major military and sports health concern. The purpose of this study was to determine if a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids would reduce cognitive deficits and neuronal cell death in a novel fluid percussion rat model of repetitive mild TBIs. METHODS:Thirty-two ...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-130316
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:After stroke, the learned non-use of a paretic arm is a major obstacle to the improvement of hand function. OBJECTIVE:We examined whether patients with a central paresis could profit from applying the self-regulation strategy of making if-then plans that specify situational triggers to using the paretic arm...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-170748
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In low vision patients, the assessment of contrast sensitivity is an essential tool to determine the stage of visual impairment. However, traditional contrast sensitivity tests rely on verbal feedback, and the expertise of the examiner. OBJECTIVE:In the current study, a fast, OKN-based virtual diagnosis too...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-190937
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injuries to peripheral nerves represent a challenging clinical problem. In spite of the use of microsurgical techniques, repair of severed nerves seldom results in complete recovery of motor and sensory functions. Misdirection of axons at the suture line as well as a slow axonal outgrowth contribute to the bad results...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-1990-13418
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To demonstrate, in a proof-of-concept study, whether potentiating ipsilesional higher motor areas (premotor cortex and supplementary motor area) augments and accelerates recovery associated with constraint induced movement. METHODS:In a randomized, double-blinded pilot clinical study, 12 patients with chronic ...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3233/RNN-150574
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The brain can undergo self-repair and has the ability to compensate for functions lost after a stroke. The plasticity of the ischemic brain is influenced by several factors including aging and pharmacotherapy. Fluoxetine is an antidepressant which enhances serotonergic neurotransmission through selective inhibition of...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3233/RNN-170725
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In rat sciatic nerves, IGF-I or bFGF was applied distal to a crush to evaluate their effects upon the restoration of the neuromuscular function. In comparison with the recovery following a simple crush, treatment with growth factors resulted in (i) enhanced elongation of regenerating axons ( + 24%) up to day 3 post le...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-1993-5302
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Freezing of gait (FOG) affects mobility and balance seriously. Few reports have investigated the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on FOG in Parkinson's disease (PD). We investigated the efficacy of high-frequency rTMS for the treatment of FOG in PD. METHODS:Seventeen patients diag...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3233/RNN-140489
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) has been administered over single brain regions for small numbers of sessions. Safety, feasibility and tolerability of HD-tDCS over multiple brain regions, multiple daily stimulations and long periods are not established. OBJECTIVE:We studied...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-170757
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The effectiveness of embryonic stem cell (eSC) therapy has been explored in many models of neurological disease and several research groups have shown that eSC treatment leads to improved outcomes in pre-clinical models of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Though functional recovery occurs, few surviving eSCs appea...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-120299
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The response of astroglial cells in the hippocampus to long-term portacaval anastomosis (PCA), an experimental model of hepatic encephalopathy, was studied in adult male rats and compared with controls. Six months after PCA, the rat hippocampi were processed for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). GFAP-immunoposit...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00