Revisiting the anticardiolipin test and its standardization.

Abstract:

:Although the importance of the anticardiolipin test in diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is widely accepted, there remains much misunderstanding about the strengths and weaknesses of this assay. Several disorders result in formation of low levels of the antibody, hence the anticardiolipin test is not specific when results are low positive. In general, the higher the anticardiolipin level the greater the likelihood of a diagnosis of APS. Hence there have been numerous efforts to enable reproducible measurement of anticardiolipin levels. Standard calibrators were introduced to construct calibration curves from which levels of unknown samples can be derived. Those standard calibrators were made by mixing varying quantities of high positive with normal sera. More recently, calibrators derived from monoclonal anticardiolipin antibodies have been introduced. There are advantages and disadvantages with both types of calibrators. Determination of a precise and reproducible anticardiolipin level is difficult, whatever the calibrators used, because the assay is dependent on several variable components, any of which may fail on any given day. Utilization of a semi-quantitative measure (low, medium, high) may suffice in most clinical settings and would be less subject to error. Validated ELISA kits may offer greater reproducibility, since there is less variability than bench assays set up in very different laboratories. Whether using a kit or a bench assay, meticulous attention to detail offers the best opportunity for precision and reproducibility.

journal_name

Lupus

journal_title

Lupus

authors

Harris EN,Pierangeli SS

doi

10.1191/0961203302lu202cr

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2002-01-01 00:00:00

pages

269-75

issue

5

eissn

0961-2033

issn

1477-0962

journal_volume

11

pub_type

杂志文章

相关文献

LUPUS文献大全
  • Evaluation of early cardiac dysfunction in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with or without anticardiolipin antibodies.

    abstract::The aim of this study was to use transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic (TTE) imaging methods to identify cardiac dysfunction, an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in terms of cardiac effects. This study involved 80 patients: a study group (n = 50) an...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203315570164

    authors: Barutcu A,Aksu F,Ozcelik F,Barutcu CA,Umit GE,Pamuk ON,Altun A

    更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00

  • Prevention of recurrent miscarriage in women with antiphospholipid syndrome: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To compare and rank currently available pharmacological interventions for the prevention of recurrent miscarriage (RM) in women with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). METHODS:A search was performed using PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, CNKI, ClinicalTrials....

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203320967097

    authors: Yang Z,Shen X,Zhou C,Wang M,Liu Y,Zhou L

    更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00

  • Correlation of circulating CD27high plasma cells and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus.

    abstract::CD27 is a useful marker in assessing the number of circulating B cells and B cell subsets because it permits one step identification of the major B cell compartments, CD27- naïve and CD27+ memory B cells as well as CD27high plasma cells. Abnormalities in the distribution ofCD27+ B cell subsets are useful in assessing ...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1191/0961203304lu1014oa

    authors: Dörner T,Lipsky PE

    更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00

  • The role of BsmI and FokI vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Brazilian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

    abstract::Vitamin D deficiency has been described in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). BsmI VDR (vitamin D receptor) gene polymorphism was associated with SLE in Asian patients. Studies in Brazilian populations have not been realized. A case-control study with 195 SLE patients and 201 healthy controls was conducted to investi...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203311421798

    authors: Monticielo OA,Brenol JC,Chies JA,Longo MG,Rucatti GG,Scalco R,Xavier RM

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic variants in FH are associated with renal histopathologic subtypes of lupus nephritis: a large cohort study from China.

    abstract::Objective Genetic variants in FH (complement factor H) were reported to associate with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study proposed that the genetic defects of FH in the susceptibility and in the development of lupus nephritis might be different. Methods This study enrolled 334 lupus nephr...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203317702254

    authors: Tan M,Hao JB,Chu H,Wang FM,Song D,Zhu L,Yu F,Li YZ,Song Y,Zhao MH

    更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00

  • Complement and antibody primary immunodeficiency in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the frequency of primary immunodeficiencies (PID) in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) patients. METHODS:Some 72 JSLE patients were analyzed for levels of immunoglobulin classes and IgG subclasses and early components of the classical complement pathway. Determination of C4 gene copy n...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203311411598

    authors: Jesus AA,Liphaus BL,Silva CA,Bando SY,Andrade LE,Coutinho A,Carneiro-Sampaio M

    更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00

  • Chinese Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treatment and Research Group (CSTAR) Registry XI: gender impact on long-term outcomes.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this paper is to assess the role of gender on survival rate and causes of death and organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in China from 2009 to 2015. METHODS:We conducted a multicenter cohort study to analyze the differences in outcome data between male and female SLE p...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.1177/0961203319839845

    authors: Zhang S,Ye Z,Li C,Li Z,Li X,Wu L,Liu S,Zuo X,Zhu P,Wang Z,Wang Y,Wang Z,Zhao J,Wang Q,Tian X,Li M,Zeng X

    更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00

  • Periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs) in cerebral lupus correlated with white-matter lesions in brain MRI and reduced cerebral blood flow in SPECT.

    abstract::This is a case report on an uncommon correlation between periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs) and white-matter lesions in cerebral lupus, and with a reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) in single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). A 47-year-old woman with a long-term history of systemic lupus er...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203312474705

    authors: Aye SM,Lim KS,Ramli NM,Tan CT

    更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00

  • Apoptosis of CD34+ cells after incubation with sera of leukopenic patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

    abstract::Leukopenia and anaemia are observed in about a fifth of all patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and may be due either to the destruction of blood cells or their decreased production. The former may be humoral or cell-mediated or result from apoptosis of peripheral blood cells. Several observations suggest...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1191/0961203303lu423oa

    authors: Tiefenthaler M,Bacher N,Linert H,Mühlmann O,Hofer S,Sepp N,Amberger A,Geisen F,Obermoser G,Konwalinka G

    更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00

  • Soluble TNF-R1, VEGF and other cytokines as markers of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Current non-invasive methods of assessing disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are of limited sensitivity and specificity. Testing includes acute phase markers, autoantibodies and complement levels. Although measurements of dsDNA antibodies and complement C3/C4 levels are routine, they rema...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203319845487

    authors: Adhya Z,El Anbari M,Anwar S,Mortimer A,Marr N,Karim MY

    更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00

  • Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with articular involvement.

    abstract::Objective Several studies have evaluated the prevalence of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated proteins antibodies (ACPA) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients but no data are available on the anti-carbamylated proteins (anti-CarP), a new biomarker for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We evaluated the ant...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203317713141

    authors: Massaro L,Ceccarelli F,Colasanti T,Pendolino M,Perricone C,Cipriano E,Natalucci F,Capalbo G,Lucchetti R,Pecani A,Vomero M,Mancini R,Spinelli FR,Alessandri C,Valesini G,Conti F

    更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00

  • Idiopathic intracranial hypertension as a significant cause of intractable headache in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a 15-year experience.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the occurrence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to describe the manifestations, treatments and outcomes in these patients. METHODS:We reviewed the medical records of 1084 patients with SLE followed up from January 1997 to June 2...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203311435267

    authors: Kim JM,Kwok SK,Ju JH,Kim HY,Park SH

    更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00

  • Association of Asian ethnicity with disease activity in SLE: an observational study from the Monash Lupus Clinic.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune condition with diverse clinical manifestations, is reported to have different expression in populations of different ancestry. Most previous studies compared patients of different ethnic groups from geographically distinct cohorts. In our study, we aimed to ch...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203313500547

    authors: Golder V,Connelly K,Staples M,Morand E,Hoi A

    更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of polymorphic variants in apoptotic genes and their role in susceptibility and clinical progression to systemic lupus erythematosus.

    abstract::Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease marked by the disruption of the immune homeostasis. Patients exhibit a wide range of clinical manifestations, and environmental and genetic factors are involved in SLE pathogenesis. Evidence suggests that abnormalities in the cellular and molecular...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203316678671

    authors: Glesse N,Vianna P,Paim LMG,Matte MCC,Aguiar AKK,Palhano PL,Monticielo OA,Brenol CV,Xavier RM,Chies JAB

    更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00

  • Prothrombin as cofactor for antiphospholipids.

    abstract::Prothrombin is a common antigenic target of antiphospholipid antibodies, since anti-prothrombin antibodies are detected in about 50-90% of the patients. To allow proper immune recognition, prothrombin must be adsorbed on suitable anionic surfaces. The epitope(s) have not yet been identified: the majority of anti-proth...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1177/096120339800700209

    authors: Galli M,Barbui T

    更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00

  • Expression of complement regulatory proteins in diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis.

    abstract::This study assessed the expression of complement receptor 1 (CR1), decay accelerating factor (DAF) and membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis (CD59) on the erythrocytes and glomerulus of diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients using flow cytometry and immunofluoresc...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1191/096120300678828154

    authors: Arora M,Arora R,Tiwari SC,Das N,Srivastava LM

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus in a population-based cohort using revised 1997 American College of Rheumatology and the 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics classification criteria.

    abstract::In 2012, the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) group published a new set of classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Studies applying these criteria to real-life scenarios have found either equal or greater sensitivity and equal or lower specificity to the 1997 ACR class...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203316657434

    authors: Ungprasert P,Sagar V,Crowson CS,Amin S,Makol A,Ernste FC,Osborn TG,Moder KG,Niewold TB,Maradit-Kremers H,Ramsey-Goldman R,Chowdhary VR

    更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00

  • Apoptosis in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.

    abstract::Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototype inflammatory autoimmune disease resulting from autoimmune responses against nuclear autoantigens. During apoptosis many lupus autoantigens congregate inside the cells and are susceptible to modifications. Modified nuclear constituents are considered foreign and dangero...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1177/0961203308089990

    authors: Munoz LE,van Bavel C,Franz S,Berden J,Herrmann M,van der Vlag J

    更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00

  • Contribution of polymorphism in codon 72 of p53 gene to systemic lupus erythematosus in Poland.

    abstract::The contribution of the p53 Arg72Pro polymorphism in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains controversial. We investigated the frequency of the p53 Arg72Pro genotype in patients with SLE (n = 155) and in controls (n = 150) in Poland. We found a weak contribution of the Arg/Arg genotype to the mo...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203307084722

    authors: Piotrowski P,Lianeri M,Mostowska M,Wudarski M,Chwalinska-Sadowska H,Jagodzinski PP

    更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00

  • What do we know about the cardiac valve lesion in the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)?

    abstract::Heart valve disease (HVD) is the most common cardiac manifestation in the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Valve lesions should be described according to the established definition. HVD is progressive despite anticoagulant/antiplatelet treatments. Around 4-6% of patients with HVD in APS will require valve replacement ...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203314534307

    authors: Amigo MC

    更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00

  • Syncope caused by complete heart block and ventricular arrhythmia as early manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus in a pregnant patient: a case report.

    abstract::Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can affect all heart structures including the conduction system, with either reversible or permanent derangement. However, only a few cases of adult SLE and complete atrioventricular (AV) block have been reported. We describe a young pregnant woman who initially presented with comple...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203318782425

    authors: Lo CH,Wei JCC,Tsai CF,Li LC,Huang SW,Su CH

    更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups: XV. Prevalence and correlates of fibromyalgia.

    abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of fibromyalgia (FM) in a prospective, multiethnic systemic lupus (SLE) cohort. A total of 266 SLE patients with disease duration of < or = 5 years at study entry were evaluated longitudinally for the presence of FM (per ACR criteria). Sociodemog...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1191/0961203303lu330oa

    authors: Friedman AW,Tewi MB,Ahn C,McGwin G Jr,Fessler BJ,Bastian HM,Baethge BA,Reveille JD,Alarcón GS,LUMINA Study Group.

    更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00

  • Prevalence and clinical associations of anti-Ku antibodies in systemic autoimmune diseases.

    abstract::We retrospectively analysed the prevalence and clinical features associated to anti-Ku antibodies in patients affected by different autoimmune diseases. Anti-Ku antibodies are detected in 147 sera out of 7239 anti-ENA positive sera (2%). They are found in 2% of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) (8 out of 379), 1....

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203308089442

    authors: Cavazzana I,Ceribelli A,Quinzanini M,Scarsi M,Airò P,Cattaneo R,Franceschini F

    更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00

  • Infant perinatal thrombosis and antiphospholipid antibodies: a review.

    abstract::Perinatal thrombosis in infants born to mothers with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) is a rare event, but with risk of death or severe sequelae. We analysed 16 infants with such perinatal thrombosis reported in the literature in the last 20 years. Thromboses were arterial (13/16), mostly strokes (8/16). Hydrops feta...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1177/0961203307079039

    authors: Boffa MC,Lachassinne E

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mortality and years of potential life loss in systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-based cohort study.

    abstract::Multiple sources were used to identify 325 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients within the city of Oslo during 1999-2009 who met ≥ 4 of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. The survival, standard mortality rate (SMR), years of potential life loss before 60 years of age (YPLL60) and causes of dea...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203314551083

    authors: Lerang K,Gilboe IM,Steinar Thelle D,Gran JT

    更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00

  • Pristane-induced lupus as a model of human lupus arthritis: evolvement of autoantibodies, internal organ and joint inflammation.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Arthritis is frequently seen in human lupus, but rarely in lupus models. Pristane-induced lupus (PIL) can be induced in various mouse strains such as BALB/c and C57BL/6. We herein characterize clinical and histological features of arthritis in the context of systemic lupus and provide a prudent comparison wit...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203313492869

    authors: Leiss H,Niederreiter B,Bandur T,Schwarzecker B,Blüml S,Steiner G,Ulrich W,Smolen JS,Stummvoll GH

    更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00

  • Using the GRADE system in diagnostic strategy: the case of antiphospholipid syndrome.

    abstract::Diagnostic strategy studies commonly focus on the accuracy of tests in diagnosing, and grading this body of evidence is a challenge in itself because (1) standard tools for grading evidence were designed for questions about treatment rather than diagnostic testing; and (2) the clinical usefulness of a diagnostic strat...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203314543922

    authors: Mendes de Abreu M,Levy RA,Wahl D

    更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00

  • Chronic or recurrent headache in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case control study.

    abstract::Controversy exists concerning the prevalence of headache in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its importance as a neuropsychiatric manifestation, especially when it occurs independently of disease activity and with the typical characteristics of primary chronic headache. Most reports to date have either studied b...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1191/096120399678847443

    authors: Fernández-Nebro A,Palacios-Muñoz R,Gordillo J,Abarca-Costalago M,De Haro-Liger M,Rodríguez-Andreu J,González-Santos P

    更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00

  • Autoantibodies to topoisomerase I in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus without features of scleroderma.

    abstract::We report a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis and anti-dsDNA antibodies whose serum contained autoantibodies specific for the phosphorylated form of RNA polymerase II (RNAP IIO), Su and ribosomal P antigen, as well as anti-topoisomerase I antibodies, a marker f...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/096120339500400414

    authors: Stojanov L,Satoh M,Dooley MA,Kuwana M,Jennette JC,Reeves WH

    更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00

  • An in vitro model to mimic the thrombotic occlusion of small vessels in catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS).

    abstract::Platelet activation and decrease in platelet count characterize the development of the most feared form of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), i.e. catastrophic APS (CAPS). We aimed to assess if immuno-affinity purified anti-β2-glycoprotein I (aβ2GPI) antibodies enhance platelet activation inducing a significant flow obs...

    journal_title:Lupus

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0961203319886915

    authors: Pontara E,Cheng C,Cattini MG,Bison E,Pelloso M,Denas G,Pengo V

    更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00