Abstract：
:The demands on drug discovery organizations have increased dramatically in recent years, partly because of the need to identify novel targets that are both relevant to disease and chemically tractable. This is leading to an industrial approach to traditional biology and chemistry, inspired in part by the revolution in genomics. The purpose of this article is to highlight the flow of investigation from gene sequence of potential therapeutic targets, through mRNA and protein expression, to protein structure and drug design. To deal with this scale of activity, many commercial and public organizations have been established and some of the key players will be listed in this article.
journal_name
Trends Biotechnoljournal_title
Trends in biotechnologyauthors
Dean PM,Zanders ED,Bailey DSdoi
10.1016/s0167-7799(01)01696-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-08-01 00:00:00pages
288-92issue
8eissn
0167-7799issn
1879-3096pii
S0167-7799(01)01696-1journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The genetic code is the manual that cells use to incorporate amino acids into proteins. It is possible to artificially expand this manual through cellular, molecular, and chemical manipulations to improve protein functionality. Strategies for in vivo genetic code expansion are under the same functional constraints as ...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.08.003
更新日期：2020-09-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Innovative fermentation processes are necessary for the cost-effective production of bulk chemicals from renewable resources. Current microbial processes are either anaerobic processes, with high yield and productivity, or less-efficient aerobic processes. Oxygen utilization plays an important role in energy generatio...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2010.12.007
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vibrational spectroscopy using both infrared and Raman spectroscopies has been used in recent years with the aim to aid clinicians in disease diagnosis. More recently, these techniques have been applied to study stem cell differentiation and to determine stem cell presence in tissues. These studies have demonstrated t...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.03.002
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein engineers traditionally rely on amino acid substitutions to alter the functional properties of biomacromolecules, yet have largely overlooked the potential benefits of reorganizing the polypeptide chain of a protein by circular permutation (CP). By connecting the native protein termini via a covalent linker an...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2010.10.004
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carotenoids are antioxidants with considerable pharmaceutical potential. More than 600 carotenoid structures are known but their availability is limited owing to practical difficulties associated with chemical synthesis and isolation from microorganisms or plant tissue. To overcome some of these problems, heterologous...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(99)01307-4
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are many paths toward effective microbial inoculants for agriculture. Considering what is practical for the present day technological and farming landscape should not limit our creativity in developing innovative technologies. However, factors including production costs, practicality of implementation, and techn...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 评论,信件
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.02.009
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pressure is a thermodynamic parameter whose unique effects on biological systems are increasingly being studied in a growing number of scientific fields. As such, the effects of high pressure are currently being investigated at different levels, ranging from proteins, enzymes and viruses to microorganisms, mammalian c...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2009.04.001
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bovine mastitis, the most significant disease of dairy herds, has huge effects on farm economics due to reduction in milk production and treatment costs. Traditionally, methods of detection have included estimation of somatic cell counts, an indication of inflammation, measurement of biomarkers associated with the ons...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2009.05.004
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enantiomerically pure cyanohydrins are important synthetic intermediates for pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. They are produced by enzyme-catalysed synthesis using oxynitrilases. Sufficient quantities of enzyme are available via cheap natural sources and there have been recent advances in overexpression production o...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(00)01452-9
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stem cell differentiation is regulated by the complex interplay of multiple parameters, including adhesive intercellular interactions, cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix remodeling, and gradients of agonists and antagonists that individually and collectively vary as a function of spatial locale and temporal stages ...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.11.001
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Porous microcarriers are new support materials with important advantages in both industrial cell-culture processes and the culture of cells of medical importance. Porous microcarriers are now commercially available with internal architecture and surface chemistry suitable for culture of both anchorage-dependent and an...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0167-7799(90)90154-p
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxic organic compounds (xenobiotics) pose serious environmental and health risks worldwide. Biological treatment of these materials is severely constrained by their toxic and inhibitory nature and great care is required with respect to the rate at which they are provided to cells. The use of a second, distinct, organ...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(01)01789-9
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytokine research has yielded a range of products which have now reached the stage of clinical trials and a plethora of novel therapeutics may be expected. Recently, cytokine receptors have also become an area of intensive research. Preliminary results indicate that recombinant soluble receptors can interfere with the...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0167-7799(90)90213-h
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of implantable immunoisolation devices, in which the tissue is protected from immune rejection by enclosure within a semipermeable membrane or encapsulant, is one approach in the development of cell therapies. However, further research is required in the areas of: tissue supply from primary or cell-culture sou...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0167-7799(96)10021-4
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A switch from a petroleum-based to a biobased economy requires the capacity to produce both high-value low-volume and low-value high-volume products. Recent evidence supports the development of microalgae-based microbial cell factories with the objective of establishing environmentally sustainable manufacturing soluti...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.12.023
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aroma emissions from living cells can provide valuable information about the metabolic and physiological condition of those cells. Electronic noses are chemical gas-sensor arrays that use artificial neural network models to evaluate aromas. They can interpret the complex aroma information emitted from cultures of bact...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(00)01512-2
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The announcement that the European Union (EU) had reached an agreement allowing Member States (MS) to ban genetically modified (GM) crops confirms that the EU has chosen to ignore the food security challenge issued to the world by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 2009. The FAO sugge...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.04.003
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent publication has reported the fabrication of a new microbial culture device containing an array of unprecedented density - a million growth chambers. This micro-Petri chip should impact on various fields, including biotechnology, ecology, food microbiology and drug development, by enabling high-throughput scre...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.03.007
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The process of studying dynamic three-dimensional samples has a long history in biological research. Recent advances in hardware and software have made it easier to visualise and record interior detail from multiple focal planes of three-dimensional samples as they change over time (four-dimensional imaging). Once cap...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0167-7799(97)01169-4
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Animals exploit soft structures to move effectively in complex natural environments. These capabilities have inspired robotic engineers to incorporate soft technologies into their designs. The goal is to endow robots with new, bioinspired capabilities that permit adaptive, flexible interactions with unpredictable envi...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.03.002
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allergenicity prediction is one of the most challenging aspects in the safety assessment of foods derived from either biotechnology or novel food proteins. Here we present a bottom-up strategy that defines a priori the specific risk assessment (RA) needs based on a database appropriately built for such purposes. ...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.05.011
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Are current docking methods capable of building complexes from putative component protein structures? Results of recent computational studies, including those of the CAPRI (Critical Assessment of Protein Interactions) competition, were used to determine the key properties for successful docking and introduce a classif...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.01.006
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current productivity crisis in drug discovery has prompted the pharmaceutical industry to decentralize R&D, which is now more responsive, more flexible and better connected to research in academia and biotechnology firms. Organizational changes are also under way in academia. Universities are expanding their techn...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2009.06.007
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the use of a class of molecules that are activated by light, and which accumulate in, and are retained by, certain abnormal tissues. When these molecules (known as photosensitizers) are activated by light, they cause the formation of active forms of oxygen, which result in the killi...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0167-7799(00)88895-2
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The global movement of people and goods has increased the risk of biosecurity threats and their potential to incur large economic, social, and environmental costs. Conventional manual biosecurity surveillance methods are limited by their scalability in space and time. This article focuses on autonomous surveillance sy...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.01.003
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Europe the commercialization of food derived from genetically modified plants has been slow because of the complex regulatory process and the concerns of consumers. Risk assessment is focused on potential adverse effects on humans and the environment, which could result from unintended effects of genetic modificati...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2006.01.009
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Engineered tissues need a vascular network to supply cells with nutrients and oxygen after implantation. A network that can connect to the vasculature of the patient after implantation can be included during in vitro culture. For optimal integration, this network needs to be highly organized, including venules, capill...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.03.002
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic engineering methods based on the use of transgenes have been successfully adopted to improve crops. A novel all-native DNA gene technology consists of the creation of intragenic constructs by isolating genetic elements from a crop, rearranging them in vitro, and inserting them back into the plant. The ever-inc...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.07.005
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent innovations in the materials used for bioprinting have enabled transformative gains in the resolution and architecture of 3D-printed engineered tissues. We focus here on one of these innovations, reported by Lee et al., which lowers the resolution limit for printing soft biomaterials. ...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.09.003
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, entrapment of cells within spheres of Ca2+ alginate has become the most widely used technique for immobilizing living cells. This versatile method includes applications ranging from immobilization of living or dead cells in bioreactors, immobilization of plant protoplasts for micropropagation and immo...
journal_title：Trends in biotechnology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0167-7799(90)90139-o
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
