Abstract:
:The cyclins are a family of proteins that are centrally involved in cell cycle regulation and which are structurally identified by conserved "cyclin box" regions. They are regulatory subunits of holoenzyme cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) complexes controlling progression through cell cycle checkpoints by phosphorylating and inactivating target substrates. CDK activity is controlled by cyclin abundance and subcellular location and by the activity of two families of inhibitors, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI). Many hormones and growth factors influence cell growth through signal transduction pathways that modify the activity of the cyclins. Dysregulated cyclin activity in transformed cells contributes to accelerated cell cycle progression and may arise because of dysregulated activity in pathways that control the abundance of a cyclin or because of loss-of-function mutations in inhibitory proteins.Analysis of transformed cells and cells undergoing mitogen-stimulated growth implicate proteins of the NF-kappaB family in cell cycle regulation, through actions on the CDK/CKI system. The mammalian members of this family are Rel-A (p65), NF-kappaB(1) (p50; p105), NF-kappaB(2) (p52; p100), c-Rel and Rel-B. These proteins are structurally identified by an amino-terminal region of about 300 amino acids, known as the Rel-homology domain. They exist in cytoplasmic complexes with inhibitory proteins of the IkappaB family, and translocate to the nucleus to act as transcription factors when activated. NF-kappaB pathway activation occurs during transformation induced by a number of classical oncogenes, including Bcr/Abl, Ras and Rac, and is necessary for full transforming potential. The avian viral oncogene, v-Rel is an NF-kappaB protein. The best explored link between NF-kappaB activation and cell cycle progression involves cyclin D(1), a cyclin which is expressed relatively early in the cell cycle and which is crucial to commitment to DNA synthesis. This review examines the interactions between NF-kappaB signaling and the CDK/CKI system in cell cycle progression in normal and transformed cells. The growth-promoting actions of NF-kappaB factors are accompanied, in some instances, by inhibition of cellular differentiation and by inhibition of programmed cell death, which involve related response pathways and which contribute to the overall increase in mass of undifferentiated tissue.
journal_name
Cytokine Growth Factor Revjournal_title
Cytokine & growth factor reviewsauthors
Joyce D,Albanese C,Steer J,Fu M,Bouzahzah B,Pestell RGdoi
10.1016/s1359-6101(00)00018-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-03-01 00:00:00pages
73-90issue
1eissn
1359-6101issn
1879-0305pii
S1359-6101(00)00018-6journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key growth factor driving angiogenesis (i.e. the formation of new blood vessels) in health and disease. Pharmacological blockade of VEGF signaling to inhibit tumor angiogenesis is clinically approved but the survival benefit is limited as patients invariably acquire resis...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.07.009
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detection of invading pathogens by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is crucial for the activation of the innate immune response. These sensors signal through intertwining signaling cascades which result in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons. Conjugation, or binding, of ubiquitin an...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2012.08.003
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::IL-26 is classified as a member of the IL-10 cytokine family because it has limited sequence homology to IL-10 and the IL-10-related cytokines. The human IL-26 gene, IL26, is located on chromosome 12q15 between the genes for two other important class-2 cytokines, IFNG (IFN-γ) and IL22 (IL-22). IL-26 is often co-expres...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2010.09.001
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::CXCL8 was the first chemokine shown to be secreted by thyrocytes. Experimental data suggest that CXCL8 plays a role in thyroid homeostasis but its role in thyroid diseases remains poorly investigated. Clinical studies measuring the serum levels of CXCL8 in patients with autoimmune-thyroid-diseases reported conflicting...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2013.08.001
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is the most extensively studied member of the cytokine family that signal through intracellular chains of the gp130/LIFRβ receptor. The severe phenotype in patients suffering from mutations inactivating LIFRβ indicates that members of this cytokine family play key, non-redundant role...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.07.007
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The BMP signaling pathway controls a number of cell processes during development and in adult tissues. At the cellular level, ligands of the BMP family act by binding a hetero-tetrameric signaling complex, composed of two type I and two type II receptors. BMP ligands make use of a limited number of receptors, which in...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2009.10.008
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The wider use of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is still limited by the immunologic recognition and destruction of host tissues, termed graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The role of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-1, and their impact on immune effectors (mainly CD4+ and CD8+ T) cells h...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2007.10.010
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Scatter Factors are two homologous proteins, named Scatter Factor/Hepatocyte Growth Factor and Macrophage Stimulating Protein. Their receptors are the products of two oncogenes, Met and Ron, respectively. The Scatter Factors induce movement, stimulate proliferation, regulate apoptosis and are morphogenic, i.e. ope...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2009.01.004
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a known target in cancer therapy and targeting the receptor has proven to be extremely successful in treating cancers that are dependent on EGFR signaling. To that effect, targeted therapies to EGFR such as Cetuximab, Panitumumab-monoclonal antibodies and Gefitinib, Erlotinib...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.04.002
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The WFIKKN (WAP, Follistatin/kazal, Immunoglobulin, Kunitz and Netrin domain-containing) protein family is composed of two multidomain proteins: WFIKKN1 and WFIKKN2. They were formed by domain shuffling and are likely present in deuterostoms. The WFIKKN (also called GASP) proteins are well known for their function in ...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2016.06.003
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family regulate fundamental physiological process, such as cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. As a result, defects in this pathway have been linked to uncontrolled proliferation and cancer progression. Here we explore the signal transduction mechanism of TGF...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2013.04.006
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite vaccines and antiviral substances influenza still causes significant morbidity and mortality world wide. Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of influenza virus replication, pathogenesis and host immune responses is required for the development of more efficient means of prevention and treatment of...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1359-6101(00)00026-5
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cells in vivo do not act in isolation. Therefore, when attempting to predict the results of pharmaceutical modulation of the function of a protein, we must also take into account the non-cell-autonomous consequences of such modulation. Studies of caspase-8 initially indicated that it serves as the proximal enzyme in c...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2008.04.012
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemotherapy remains a common mode of anticancer treatment even though in most cancer indications the therapeutic approach is not effective and ultimately associated with the onset of chemoresistance. A better understanding of genetic differences in tumors ushered in the era of targeted therapy which has revolutionize...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2010.02.001
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumors have developed different strategies to escape immune recognition. This could be due to altered expression of classical and non-classical human leukocyte antigens (HLA), co-inhibitory or co-stimulatory molecules as well as components of the interferon signaling pathway. Furthermore, changes in the tumor microenv...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.07.001
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of infectious agents in the development of cancer is well documented. The pathogenesis of various human neoplasms ranging from non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) to cervical carcinoma frequently involves a chronic, most often viral, infection. At the same time, there is compelling evidence that certain acute infectio...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1359-6101(02)00071-0
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple myeloma is characterized by slowly growing clones of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. The malignant state is frequently accompanied by osteolytic bone disease due to a disturbed balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are present in the bone marrow and are imp...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.04.009
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A unique population of CD4(+) T lymphocytes that constitutively express CD25 has been recognized as anergic/suppressor cells. While the immunosuppressive activity of these CD4(+)CD25(+) cells has been validated and implicated in tolerance, autoimmunity, transplantation, cancer and infectious diseases, the mechanism(s)...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1359-6101(03)00003-0
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The induction of hundreds of Interferon Stimulated Genes (ISGs) subsequent to virus infection generates an antiviral state that functions to restrict virus growth at multiple steps of their replication cycles. In the context of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1), ISGs also possess antiviral functions, but some ISG...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.03.007
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) and MIP-1beta are highly related members of the CC chemokine subfamily. Despite their structural similarities, MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta show diverging signaling capacities. Depending on the MIP-1 subtype and its NH(2)-terminal processing, one or more of the CC chemok...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1359-6101(02)00045-x
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The related Axl, Sky and Mer receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are increasingly being implicated in a host of discrete cellular responses including cell survival, proliferation, migration and phagocytosis. Furthermore, their ligands Gas6 and protein S are characteristically dependent on vitamin K for expression of thei...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2006.04.004
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibroblast growth factors 1 and 2 (FGF1 and FGF2) are mainly considered as ligands of surface receptors through which they regulate a broad spectrum of biological processes. They are secreted in non-canonical way and, unlike other growth factors, they are able to translocate from the endosome to the cell interior. The...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.05.004
更新日期:2020-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), a member of the EGF family, is synthesized as a membrane-anchored precursor (proHB-EGF) that is cleaved to release a soluble HB-EGF by specific metalloproteases. Proteolytic cleavage of proHB-EGF yields amino- and carboxy-terminal fragments (HB-EGF and HB-EGF-C). Recent...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2003.10.002
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women globally. Although there have been many significant advances made in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, numerous unresolved challenges remain, which include prevention, early diagnosis, metastasis and recurrence. The role of inflammation in canc...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.10.006
更新日期:2020-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis is a global health calamity. The causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), has evolved elaborate survival mechanisms in humans, allowing it to remain in a clinically latent infection state, constantly engaging the immune system, with the possibility to progress to active disease. Auto...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2013.01.002
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has long been recognized as a central component of the interferon (IFN) system. It was originally characterized as a key mediator of IFN induction in response to virus infection. Subsequently, it was identified as a prime activator of the antiviral response. In recent years the discovery of...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2007.06.016
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral infection is detected by cellular sensors as foreign nucleic acid and initiates innate antiviral responses, including the activation of type I interferon (IFN) and proinflammatory cytokines. Recent advances in cytoplasmic virus sensors highlight their essential role in the induction of innate immunity. Moreover,...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2007.06.023
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interferon (IFN) induces gene expression by phosphorylating latent transcription factors of the STAT family. Two different STAT multimeric complexes that bind distinct enhancer elements are activated by IFN alpha and IFN gamma, dictated by the DNA-binding protein ISGF3 gamma p48. This protein, a member of the IFN regu...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/1359-6101(96)00005-6
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)-metabolizing enzymes regulate the level of bioactive sphingolipids that have curative potential. Recently, S1P-metabolizing enzymes such as sphingosine kinase 1 and S1P lyase were shown to regulate influenza virus replication and the virus-induced cytopathogenicity. The mechanism appeared...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2010.12.001
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer immunotherapy using tumor-selective, oncolytic viruses is an emerging therapeutic option for solid and hematologic malignancies. A considerable variety of viruses ranging from small picornaviruses to large poxviruses are currently being investigated as potential candidates. In the early days of virotherapy, non...
journal_title:Cytokine & growth factor reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.07.005
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00