Abstract：
:Genetic epidemiological studies have demonstrated markedly reduced rates in reproduction among schizophrenic patients. According to evolutionary theory, behavioral and psychological phenotypes are selected based on ecological "fit". Where differential survival or reproductive success exists, genotype frequencies are altered in subsequent generations. In the case of schizophrenia, lower rates of reproduction constitute a negative selection factor that should reduce genes in the population associated with the expression of the disease--ultimately leading to decreases in prevalence. However, studies reveal a stable prevalence of about 1% over time. Attempts to explain the apparent contradiction between negative selection and stable prevalence have taken several forms. One explanation suggests that reproductive rates in relatives of schizophrenic patients are increased--compensating for reproductive loss in affected family members. Family data from schizophrenic patients at the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center were compared with those of healthy volunteers and volunteers with schizophrenia spectrum personality (SSP) disorders. Controlling for important socio-cultural and demographic variables, a multiple regression model revealed a significant increase in the number of siblings associated with schizophrenia. No differences in reproductive fitness were found among normal and SSP volunteers. This observed pattern in reproductive fitness provides one mechanism by which prevalence rates can remain stable despite lower reproductive rates among individuals with schizophrenia. Evidence of increased reproductive fitness in relatives suggests the need to consider the complex interactions of proximate and ultimate (evolutionary) mechanisms in the expression of schizophrenia.
journal_name
Schizophr Resjournal_title
Schizophrenia researchauthors
Avila M,Thaker G,Adami Hdoi
10.1016/s0920-9964(00)00062-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-03-01 00:00:00pages
233-41issue
2-3eissn
0920-9964issn
1573-2509pii
S0920996400000621journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have significant neuropsychological deficits that have been linked to poor functional outcome. As more treatments are developed and implemented for cognitive impairments, it will be important to consider whether people with schizophrenia have insight into the...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2008.07.007
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2015.10.039
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0920-9964(92)90013-u
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(96)00090-4
更新日期：1997-02-28 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2017.10.033
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2016.04.050
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2004.02.019
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2020.05.013
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2009.01.006
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2008.06.002
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2010.01.009
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0920-9964(92)90077-i
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2007.08.010
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2010.11.005
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2015.03.010
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2014.03.003
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2017.08.052
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2016.09.010
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00270-5
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2015.08.027
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2009.07.001
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0920-9964(03)00129-4
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Altered motor behavior has consistently been reported in medication-naive adult patients with schizophrenia and first episode psychosis and adults at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR). This study is the first to evaluate the prevalence of abnormal involuntary movements in a community sample of children ...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2016.04.032
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1990 a satellite session of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP) Annual Meeting was held that focused on the question of whether progressive changes in brain structure occur in schizophrenia and this session raised considerable controversy. Eighteen years later, on December 12, 2008, after much da...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2009.04.025
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-compliance problems may rise to 50% among patients undergoing neuroleptic treatment. There are no direct measures available to predict compliance, if previous non-compliance is not taken into account. Attitudes towards neuroleptic treatment and insight into psychotic symptoms may vary during the course of the trea...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00204-2
更新日期：2000-10-27 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) studies of schizophrenia suggest an effect of the disease or of antipsychotic medications on brain N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), a marker of neuronal viability. We studied in the rat the effect of antipsychotic drugs on NAA in several brain regions where NAA reduct...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(02)00528-5
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
