Abstract：
:The National Research Council's report "Protecting Youth at Work" addresses the health and safety consequences of work by youth in the United States. The report finds that a higher proportion of U.S. youth work than in any other developed nation and that as much as 80% of youth will have worked during their high school years. The majority of adolescents are employed in the retail and service sectors. Positive aspects of this work include lessons in responsibility, punctuality, dealing with people, good money management, and gaining self-esteem, independence and new skills. On the negative side, however, students who work long hours are less likely to advance as far in school as other students, are more likely to smoke cigarettes and use illegal drugs, be involved in other deviant behavior, may get insufficient sleep and exercise, and may spend less time with their family. Working youth appear to have injury rates (4.9 per 100 FTE) almost twice that of adult workers (2.8 per 100 FTE). There is evidence that each year over 200,000 youth experience work injuries and at least 70 die. The report includes an extensive list of recommendations to safeguard the health and well-being of young workers: improved government regulations as well as their enforcement, better data collection and analysis to provide essential information on the distribution and consequences of youth employment, education of key actors such as employers, parents, teachers and the youth themselves, and research to fill critical knowledge gaps.
journal_name
Am J Ind Medjournal_title
American journal of industrial medicineauthors
Wegman DH,Davis LKdoi
10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199911)36:5<579::aid-ajim1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-11-01 00:00:00pages
579-83issue
5eissn
0271-3586issn
1097-0274pii
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199911)36:5<579::AID-AJIM1journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Occupational cancer monitoring is important for cancer prevention and public health protection. A surveillance system for identifying occupational cancer risks and cancer cases in Italy that are likely to be of occupational origin using information available in the Italian Social Security archives was create...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20356
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Highway maintenance workers (HMWs) have been exposed to a broad range of potentially toxic substances, including diesel fuels and exhaust, asphalts and tars, herbicides, gasoline, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, benzene, and lead. The number of current and former state, county, and municipal HMWs in the United Stat...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700150507
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To confirm the relationship between exposure to coal tar pitch volatiles and bladder cancer among primary aluminum production workers, we carried out a case-control study among blue-collar workers who had worked more than 1 year between 1950-1979 in a major plant using mostly the Soderberg process in the Province of Q...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700270303
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pathologists eligible for inclusion in the study were identified from the membership lists of the Royal College of Pathologists from 1974 to 1987, establishing a population of 4,512 members. Overall mortality was lower among the study group compared with the general population of England and Wales, although there were...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700200108
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Standardized proportionate mortality ratio (SPMR) was found to be 2.2 (95% CI = 1.3-3.5) for esophageal cancer (EC) among workers exposed to refractory brick dust in a large iron-steel complex in China. METHODS:A nested case-control design within a cohort of industrial workers. One hundred and twenty-five E...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199903)35:3<272::aid-ajim7
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Use of surrogate responders often needs to be considered in case-control studies with a high case fatality. METHODS:Agreement between 98 colon cancer patients and their closest relative was expressed as a percentage of the exact agreement and by Kappa coefficients and intra-class correlation coefficients. ...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.10266
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data were collected on 228 consecutive back injuries in Boston's General Mail Facility and 228 non-injured controls drawn randomly from each case's work unit, matching on craft (clerk, mailhandler, maintenance), shift, and general supervisor. Data were collected on age, gender, duration of employment, 3 year history o...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700200406
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to evaluate the health effects of exposure mainly to 1-bromopropane, which is an alternative to ozone-depleting solvents, and to establish biomarkers for assessing 1-bromopropane exposure. METHODS:Twenty-four female and 13 male workers of a 1-bromopropane-factory were interviewed, ...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.10320
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using occupational data for more than 500 patients with cancers of the biliary tract (CBT) diagnosed between 1980 and 1984 in Shanghai, and employment information from the 1982 census for the Shanghai population, the associations between CBT and occupational categories were examined by standardized incidence ratios (S...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199607)30:1<36::AID-AJIM6>
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To study their socioeconomic and health status, 1,770 workers in the organized electronics industry in India were surveyed. Mean age of the workers employed in this industry was 32.5 +/- 6.01 years. The average per capita income/month was Rupees 333, indicating a higher socioeconomic status, compared with the status o...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700230209
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:No information exists on the differences between teenagers with work permits and teenagers without work permits in regards to workplace injury, near-miss incidents, and safety training. METHODS:In May 2003, an anonymous questionnaire was administered to 7,506 teens attending high school throughout the five ...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20301
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present report completes a previous study made on three chloralkali plants that was presented at the 8th International Conference on Occupational Health in the Chemical Industry, Tokyo, 1980, with the final results from five plants located in various regions of Italy. A total of 14,339 measurements of mercury in a...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700030308
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Workers in a potato processing plant were exposed at the particular workplace to large concentrations of airborne microorganisms and endotoxin. The presence of precipitins to microbial antigens was significantly correlated with the occurrence of the work-related respiratory and general symptoms that were found in 45.9...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700250111
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined mortality to December 31, 1989 in a cohort of 2,222 males employed between 1947 and 1975 at a transformer manufacturing plant in Canada, where there had been extensive use of transformer fluid, some containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). A combined cohort list of 2,222 names was independently...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700250310
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this article the material collected for a case-control study is analyzed in order to evaluate the existence of relationships between organic solvent exposure and the entitlement to disability benefits due to neuropsychiatric disorders. Questionnaires were used to collect information on 252 cases receiving compensat...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700160610
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term exposure to lead is known to cause a variety of neurotoxic manifestations, including symptoms of depression. Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), a recently approved oral chelating agent, can diminish the body burden of lead, but few cases of documented clinical improvement following treatment have been reported....
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700240606
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of airway hyperresponsiveness induced by methylene diphenyldiisocyanate (MDI) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) at a petrochemical industry complex in Korea. METHODS:Questionnaires, allergic skin test, and nonspecific airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) ...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(200006)37:6<663::aid-ajim1
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative evaluation of worker exposure to silica in nine Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes was conducted, using data derived from OSHA compliance inspections, in order to assess the silica exposure problem in the U.S. The nine SICs studied were those in which OSHA inspections were concentrated. They i...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700100403
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The SARS outbreak in 2003 has spawned a major controversy concerning protective performance facemasks for healthcare workers. This study reports a study on in-vivo protective performance of surgical masks and N95 respirators. METHODS:Typical surgical masks and N95 respirators used in Hong Kong hospitals wer...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20395
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organophosphate (OP)-related systemic illnesses reported to the Worker Health and Safety (WH&S) Branch, and restricted OP-related agricultural use data reported to the Information Services Branch at the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) (now CAL-EPA) during 1984-1988 were used to assess factors asso...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199705)31:5<572::aid-ajim1
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The mortality experience of iron and steel workers from modern plants in developing countries has not been extensively described. METHODS:Mortality at two Korean iron and steel manufacturing complexes was analyzed using Poisson regression methods with both direct and indirect standardization. Work histories...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20197
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In adults, lead toxicity is most commonly caused by occupation in a lead industry. Whereas lead toxicity has been described in workers who are involved in bridge rehabilitation, as of this date there has been no systematic evaluation published regarding the conditions responsible for lead toxicity in ironworkers. This...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199711)32:5<540::aid-ajim1
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The community of Libby, Montana has recently been the focus of national attention secondary to widespread amphibole contamination associated with vermiculite mining and processing. METHODS:Patients who had occupational and non-occupational exposure to amphibole asbestos in Libby, Montana were evaluated for ...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20053
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Occupational health researchers can play a pivotal role in increasing our understanding of the role of physical and psychosocial working conditions in producing socioeconomic health disparities and trends of increasing socioeconomic health disparities, contributing to interventions to reduce such dispariti...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 社论,评审
doi：10.1002/ajim.20766
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A 5-year longitudinal study examined nonmalignant respiratory effects of wood processing dust exposure. METHODS:Ten study plants, investigator selected from 447 candidate plants, included 1 sawmill-planing-plywood, 1 plywood, 1 milling, 3 cabinet and 4 furniture facilities. Personal dust samples (2363) were...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20594
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Self-reported exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) has been associated with elevated inflammatory markers in adults. The association between SHS indicated by serum cotinine and markers of inflammation has not been investigated in adult workers. METHODS:Using the subpopulation of employed participants (20 year...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20591
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Latex allergy is poorly understood in latex-exposed textile workers. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was carried out to better characterize respiratory symptoms, using personal breathing zone latex allergen measurement and specific IgE to latex allergens. RESULTS:Forty-four of the 86 (51% participation rat...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22050
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among 160 consecutive patients referred to the Clinic of Occupational Medicine, Rigshospitalet, for symptoms connected with exposure to organic solvents, 20 exhibited symptoms of acquired intolerance to minor amounts of organic solvents. Later, an additional 30 consecutive patients with symptoms of acquired intoleranc...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700090408
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study examines the hypothesis that acid mist or mixtures of acid mists and acid gases are associated with ulcerative lesions of the oral mucosa. METHODS:All 665 active male workers of a metal processing factory were the study population. Semi-quantitative measures of exposure were estimated from a job ...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.10343
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholinesterase activity measurements for 542 California agricultural pesticide applicators under medical supervision during the first 9 months of 1985 were analyzed. Twenty-six workers, 4.8% of the sample, had cholinesterase values at or below the California threshold values for removal from continued exposure to chol...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700150203
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
