Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Self-reported exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) has been associated with elevated inflammatory markers in adults. The association between SHS indicated by serum cotinine and markers of inflammation has not been investigated in adult workers. METHODS:Using the subpopulation of employed participants (20 years and older) who were non-smokers and denied home SHS exposure from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002, the association between serum cotinine and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, homocysteine, and white blood cells) was analyzed. Inflammatory marker values were log-transformed and expressed as geometric means with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Serum cotinine was categorized as either no cotinine (below the detection limit), low cotinine (above the detection limit and <0.2 ng/ml), or high cotinine (>or=0.2 and <15.0 ng/ml). The association between serum cotinine and inflammatory markers was analyzed using univariate and multivariate-adjusted linear regression. RESULTS:Geometric mean serum cotinine was significantly higher among non-smokers reporting SHS exposure in the workplace (0.17 vs. 0.10 ng/ml, P < 0.01). Workers exposed to low and high levels of cotinine had significantly higher homocysteine levels relative to non-exposed workers; mean homocysteine differences remained significant in the multivariable model (i.e., 0.363 and 0.491 mg/dl increase, respectively). CONCLUSION:Exposure to SHS as measured by serum cotinine may result in increased homocysteine levels among adult workers. These results provide further evidence in support of universal workplace smoking restrictions in order to protect worker health. Further research is required to determine the adverse effects of workplace SHS exposure on cardiovascular risk.
journal_name
Am J Ind Medjournal_title
American journal of industrial medicineauthors
Clark JD 3rd,Wilkinson JD,LeBlanc WG,Dietz NA,Arheart KL,Fleming LE,Lee DJdoi
10.1002/ajim.20591subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-08-01 00:00:00pages
626-32issue
8eissn
0271-3586issn
1097-0274journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:To understand better the effects of noise levels associated with dairy farming, we randomly selected 49 full-time dairy farmers from an established cohort. Medical and occupational histories were taken and standard audiometric testing was done. Forty-six males (94%) and three females (6%) with a mean age of 43.5 (+/- ...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700180315
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hospital workers are a diverse population with high rates of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The risk of MSD leading to workers' compensation (WC) claims is likely to show a gradient by socioeconomic status (SES) that may be partly explained by working conditions. METHODS:A single community hospital provi...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20702
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The Denver International Airport construction project provided a rare opportunity to identify risk factors for injury on a large construction project for which 769 contractors were hired to complete 2,843 construction contracts. Workers' compensation claims and payroll data for individual contracts were reco...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199808)34:2<113::aid-ajim3
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent epidemiological and experimental work confirms that inorganic lead compounds are associated with increased risks of tumorigenesis. In animals, these risks can be induced at doses that are not associated with organ toxicity and in mice that do not produce alpha-2 urinary globulin in the kidney. Thus the mechanis...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/1097-0274(200009)38:3<316::aid-ajim11>3.0.
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Because of reported associations of psychosocial factors and computer related musculoskeletal symptoms, we investigated the effects of a workplace psychosocial factor, reward, in the presence of over-commitment, on trapezius muscle activity and shoulder, head, neck, and torso postures during computer use. M...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22192
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A death certificate based case-control study of lung cancer in two Ontario cities was performed to estimate the risk of lung cancer attributable to occupation in Ontario, and to estimate the proportion of occupational lung cancers receiving compensation from the Workers' Compensation Board. Occupation and industry wer...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700270112
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Asbestos has been widely used in the refinery and petrochemical sector. Mesothelioma has occurred among maintenance employees, and it was hypothesized that mesothelioma is a marker for exposures which might increase lung cancer risk. A death certificate-based case-control study of mesothelioma and lung cancer from 198...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199611)30:5<610::AID-AJIM9
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The occupational lung cancer risk in manufacturing and repair of shoes was studied by pooling of two major case-control studies from Germany. METHODS:Some 4184 incident hospital-based cases of primary lung cancer and 4253 population controls, matched for sex, age, and region of residence were intensively in...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(200006)37:6<575::aid-ajim1
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:An investigation of a small private agate mill was prompted by an agate worker who presented with silicosis in Guangzhou, China, in December 1998. METHODS:The work processes and records of dust measurements of the mill were examined. The mean total dust concentrations ranged from 3.0 to 9.9 mg/m3; 86-88% of...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.1074
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mortality experience of 7,119 workers who were employed at a Beaumont, Texas, refinery for at least 1 year between 1945 and 1987 was investigated. Mortality analyses based on standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) showed overall mortality was significantly lower than expected co...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199801)33:1<61::aid-ajim8>
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Sickness benefit claims are an important economic burden to society. This study aims to determine the incidence of sickness benefit claims in Brazil in 2008, exploring the role of economic activity. METHODS:Population-based study on sickness claims lasting longer than 15 days of sickness absence granted to ...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20974
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Limitations on the use of full halogenated chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) may create occupational environmental problems. These are currently largely unknown, because the toxicology of most CFC substitutes is unknown. Therefore, toxicity testing of CFC substitutes is necessary, and this can best be done before their use c...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700190615
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Deaths due to occupational disease and injury place a heavy burden on society in terms of economic costs and human suffering. METHODS:We estimate the annual deaths due to selected diseases for which an occupational association is reasonably well established and quantifiable, by calculation of attributable f...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/ajim.10216
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Boatbuilding is a complex, chemically intensive industry which employs approximately 43,000 workers in the United States, 77% of them in shops with fewer than 20 workers. Boatbuilders and repairers are at high risk of occupational injury from falls, lacerations, low back trauma, repetitive motion, noise, burns, fires,...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700080303
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the course of a health screening for construction carpenters, 127 subjects underwent blood lead testing, administration of detailed questionnaires, and in vivo measurement of bone lead levels with a 109Cd K-X-ray fluorescence (K-XRF) instrument. The mean age of subjects was 48.5 (SD = 9.8) years. Blood lead levels ...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700260211
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 15 random autopsies, nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) were determined quantitatively by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) in human lung tissue to evaluate norm values. None of the deceased persons had had an occupational exposure to Cr or Ni or their compounds. In all, 22 tissue samples were taken from each lung at...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.4700120107
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To examine the pattern of psychosocial risk exposures at work among wage-earners in Spain in 2005 and 2010, and to analyze changes in exposure inequalities by gender and job category. METHODS:Psychosocial exposures were compared using the COPSOQ-ISTAS21 method, based on two surveys representative of the Spanish w...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22334
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pressure from the vinyl chloride (VC) industry on researchers involved in industry-sponsored studies and on regulatory agencies has been documented since 1970s. This commentary describes the influence of a lawsuit pursued by workers of an Italian VC plant on the recent scientific debate on VC exposure and risk of hepa...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20941
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Workers in poultry processing and pork meatpacking have high rates of acute injuries and chronic disease among. The presence of zoonotic pathogens in these workplaces may interact with injury. METHODS:We investigated incidence of worker injuries, lacerations, and infections reported by 10 companies from 200...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22325
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Polyvinyl chloride plastics (PVC), made flexible through the addition of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), are used in the production of a wide array of medical devices. From the late 1960s, leaching of DEHP from PVC medical devices and ultimate tissue deposition have been documented. METHODS:A critical rev...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1002/1097-0274(200101)39:1<100::aid-ajim10>3.0.
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Children living or working on New York farms face unique hazards and experience on-farm injuries related to these. The New York Community Partners for Healthy Farming (CPHF) surveillance provided a unique source of information for analyses of risk factors-particularly age-for these events. METHODS:Agricultu...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.10062
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies have shown that playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) present a significant health problem for musicians. To examine physiological, psychological, and behavioral risk factors of musicians' PRMDs, data for a case-control analysis were collected from classically-trained professional and unive...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199709)32:3<292::aid-ajim1
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Case reports have identified hydrofluoric acid (HF) as causing fatal work injury, and HF has both local and systemic toxicity. Surveillance for HF-related mortality is problematic because of the lack of unique coding for this acid in hospital records and vital statistics. METHODS:We identified HF-related fa...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.1090
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A number of employees at an aircraft factory were accidentally exposed to hydrogen sulfide. Because of concern that this may have resulted in lung injury, forty-seven workers were referred for clinical and physiological evaluation. METHODS:Comprehensive pulmonary function tests were performed including spir...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(200003)37:3<296::aid-ajim8
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:From 1970 through 1997, 17 intracranial neoplasms were identified among 6,800 employees of a petrochemical research facility. This investigation describes the case-series. METHODS:The intracranial neoplasms were identified by self reports and record linkages, and were confirmed by medical records and a path...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199910)36:4<450::aid-ajim6
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In an effort to identify health and safety training needs for various groups of workers related to weapons of mass destruction, including chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear weapons and high yield explosives (CBRNE), a conference, "Worker Training in a New Era: Responding to New Threats," was hel...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type：
doi：10.1002/ajim.20091
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The rate of lost-time sprains and strains in private nursing homes is over three times the national average, and for back injuries, almost four times the national average. The Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation (BWC) has sponsored interventions that were preferentially promoted to nursing homes in 2000-200...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20731
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Wastewater treatment workers can be exposed to biological and chemical agents resulting in work-related health effects. The aim of this study was to investigate work-related symptoms in these workers. METHODS:Questionnaire data of 468 employees from 67 sewage treatment plants is evaluated. Personal endotoxi...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.20176
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Biomass cooking fuel is the main source of indoor air pollution in the majority of households in the developing world. Sri Lanka is an island of about 20 million population with urban, rural, and estate population of 14.6%, 80.0%, and 5.4%, respectively. This study describes biomass fuel use for cooking in S...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.21023
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The Deepwater Horizon disaster cleanup effort provided an opportunity to examine the effects of ambient thermal conditions on exertional heat illness (EHI) and acute injury (AI). METHODS:The outcomes were daily person-based frequencies of EHI and AI. Exposures were maximum estimated WBGT (WBGTmax) and sever...
journal_title：American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajim.22650
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
