Estradiol induces galanin gene expression in the pituitary of the mouse in an estrogen receptor alpha-dependent manner.

abstract：:Basal serum gonadotropin levels were monitored weekly in female hamsters from birth to 10 weeks of age. Hamsters raised on three different photoperiods presented uniform pre- and postpubertal patterns of serum LH and FSH, suggesting that gonadotropin release in the young hamster occurs independently of ambient photope...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Smith SG 3rd,Matt KS,Prestowitz WF,Stetson MH

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apoptosis is a physiological process by which multicellular organisms eliminate unwanted cells. Death factors such as Fas ligand induce apoptosis by triggering a series of intracellular protein-protein interactions mediated by defined motifs found in the signaling molecules. One of these motifs is the death effector d...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Leo CP,Hsu SY,McGee EA,Salanova M,Hsueh AJ

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acidosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various metabolic bone diseases. Experimental acid ingestion is known to stimulate the release of bone mineral in humans and increase osteoclastic resorption surfaces in animals, but the mechanism has remained unclear. We have investigated the effect of medium pH on ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Arnett TR,Dempster DW

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization studies of sheep, goats, and rodents indicated that kisspeptin (KP), neurokinin B (NKB), and dynorphin A (DYN) are extensively colocalized in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, thus providing a basis for the KP/NKB/DYN (KNDy) neuron concept; in both sexes, KNDy neu...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Hrabovszky E,Sipos MT,Molnár CS,Ciofi P,Borsay BÁ,Gergely P,Herczeg L,Bloom SR,Ghatei MA,Dhillo WS,Liposits Z

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From the MtTF4 tumor of rat pituitary origin we established the F4Z2 cell line whose growth is stimulated by 17 beta-estradiol (E2). Taking E2 actions as references we investigated actions of other effectors on the proliferation, protein, and insulin growth factor-I (IGF-I) secretions of F4F2 cells. Dexamethasone (Dex...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Zhou-Li F,Joly-Pharaboz MO,Bouillard B,Albaladejo V,Nicolas B,Andre J

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disruption of the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) gene in mice has demonstrated a role for this highly conserved neuropeptide in the regulation of metabolism and temperature control. Localization of PACAP neurons within hypothalamic nuclei that regulate appetite suggest PACAP may affect feed...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Adams BA,Gray SL,Isaac ER,Bianco AC,Vidal-Puig AJ,Sherwood NM

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) play potential roles in chemoprevention of colon cancer and others by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. In this report, we used LNCaP cells, an androgen-responsive human prostate carcinoma cell line, to study the effects of two NSAIDs, flufenamic acid (FA) and piroxicam ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Zhu W,Smith A,Young CY

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a newly discovered neuropeptide that is present in high amounts in hypothalamic neuroendocrine neurons and potently stimulates the accumulation of cAMP within cells of the anterior pituitary. We have employed several specific antisera recognizing different ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Hannibal J,Mikkelsen JD,Fahrenkrug J,Larsen PJ

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The power of animal models is derived from the ability to control experimental variables so that observed effects may be unequivocally attributed to the factor that was changed. One variable that is difficult to control in animal experiments is the number and composition of offspring in a litter. To account for this v...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Suvorov A,Vandenberg LN

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The procession of round spermatids through stages VII and VIII of the rat spermatogenic cycle is critically dependent on testosterone (T). When intratesticular T levels are reduced, round spermatids appear to slough from the seminiferous epithelium, resulting in the disappearance of elongated spermatids. We hypothesiz...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Perryman KJ,Stanton PG,Loveland KL,McLachlan RI,Robertson DM

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the basis for the marked daily variability in circulating luteinizing hormone (LH) in the female lamb shortly after birth and to determine whether circulating follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) exhibits similar variability during this period of life, serum levels of both gonadotropins were monitored frequ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Foster DL,Jaffe RB,Niswender GD

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endoglin is an integral membrane glycoprotein predominantly expressed on human endothelial cells and recently shown to bind transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF beta 1) with high affinity. We now report the cloning and sequencing of a full-length murine endoglin complementary DNA of 2902 base pairs which hybridizes ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： St-Jacques S,Cymerman U,Pece N,Letarte M

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nature and role of the peptidergic innervation of the ovary were examined by determining the location and function of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-containing nerve fibers in the immature rat ovary. Immunohistofluorescence analysis of prepubertal ovaries using a specific VIP antibody revealed sparse delicate...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Ahmed CE,Dees WL,Ojeda SR

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously described significant differences in maximal testosterone production by Leydig cells from the following strains of inbred mice: C57BL/10J, C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, and C3H/HeJ. To evaluate whether these differences in maximal testosterone production related to the activities of the steroidogenic enzymes of the ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Stalvey JR,Payne AH

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased toxicant exposure and resultant environmentally induced diseases are a tradeoff of industrial productivity. Dioxin [2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)], a ubiquitous byproduct, is associated with a spectrum of diseases including endometriosis, a common, chronic disease in women. TCDD activates cytoch...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Khan Z,Zheng Y,Jones TL,Delaney AA,Correa LF,Shenoy CC,Khazaie K,Daftary GS

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptidergic neurons synthesizing kisspeptin (KP) and neurokinin B (NKB) in the hypothalamic infundibular nucleus have been implicated in negative sex steroid feedback to GnRH neurons. In laboratory rodents, testosterone decreases KP and NKB expression in this region. In the present study, we addressed the hypothesis t...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Molnár CS,Vida B,Sipos MT,Ciofi P,Borsay BÁ,Rácz K,Herczeg L,Bloom SR,Ghatei MA,Dhillo WS,Liposits Z,Hrabovszky E

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leptin has been postulated to comprise part of an adipostat, whereby during states of excessive energy storage, elevated levels of the hormone prevent further weight gain by inhibiting appetite. A physiological role for leptin in this regard remains unclear because the presence of excessive food, and therefore the nee...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Jeong KH,Sakihara S,Widmaier EP,Majzoub JA

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cannabinoids (CBs) exert untoward effects on reproduction by reducing LH secretion and suppressing gonadal function. Recent evidence suggests these effects are due primarily to hypothalamic dysfunction; however, the mechanism is obscure. Using immortalized hypothalamic GnRH neurons, we find these cells produce and sec...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Gammon CM,Freeman GM Jr,Xie W,Petersen SL,Wetsel WC

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) have been shown to play an important role in modulating LH secretion. One mechanism by which the ARH NPY system may regulate LH secretion is by modulating GnRH neuronal function. Thus, the present study examined whether the ARH NPY system pr...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Li C,Chen P,Smith MS

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two different types of corticoid receptor molecules bind circulating corticosterone in brain: mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors. MR exhibit the highest affinity for the endogenous glucocorticoid in the rat, corticosterone. During development, low corticosterone levels influence neurogenesis...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Vázquez DM,López JF,Morano MI,Kwak SP,Watson SJ,Akil H

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a peptide synthesized in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, is implicated in the physiologic control of food intake and body weight. Because both genetic (e.g. in obese ob/ob mice) and acquired leptin deficiency (e.g. fasting in normal mice) increase hypothalamic NPY accumulation, and as leptin ad...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Schwartz MW,Erickson JC,Baskin DG,Palmiter RD

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To explore the role of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) isoforms and other growth-related genes during prostate morphogenesis in the mouse, we examined mRNA levels in fetal day 17 urogenital sinus, mesenchyme (UGM), and epithelium (UGE) as well as in the ventral, dorsal, and anterior lobes of the adult prost...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Timme TL,Truong LD,Merz VW,Krebs T,Kadmon D,Flanders KC,Park SH,Thompson TC

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxytocin stimulates phosphoinositide turnover in myometrium. To elucidate whether the coupling mechanism involves the interaction of oxytocin receptor with GTP-binding proteins, we examined oxytocin stimulation of guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity and phospholipase-C activity in rat and human myometrial membr...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Ku CY,Qian A,Wen Y,Anwer K,Sanborn BM

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inside-out plasma membrane vesicles from a glucose-responsive rat insulinoma showed an ATP- and Mg2(+)-dependent uptake of Ca2+. The Km (concentration giving half-maximal activity) for Ca2+ was 60 nM. In the presence of 0.4 microM free Ca2+, the Km for ATP was 15 microM, and the Km for Mg2+ was 4 microM. Glucose (30 m...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Hoenig M,Culberson LH,Ferguson DC

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is evidence that the IGF system plays an important role in the growth and function of the thyroid gland. Proteolysis is an important posttranslational process that modulates the affinity of IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) to IGFs, thus regulating their activity. IGFBP-3 has been shown to be cleaved by members of t...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Wang J,Grünler J,Lewitt MS

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolonged exposure to elevated FFA levels has been shown to induce peripheral insulin resistance and to alter the beta-cell secretory response to glucose. To investigate the effects of FFAs on preproinsulin gene expression, we measured insulin release, cell content, and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in rat islets after ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Ritz-Laser B,Meda P,Constant I,Klages N,Charollais A,Morales A,Magnan C,Ktorza A,Philippe J

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammary gland explants from mature virgin mice, rats, and rabbits exhibit an increased rate of both DNA and casein syntheses when cultured in the presence of specific combinations of insulin, hydrocortisone, and PRL. If cytosine arabinoside, a potent inhibitor of DNA synthesis, is added to the culture medium, casein s...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Nicholas KR,Bolander FF Jr,Sankaran L,Topper YJ

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PGs are important mediators of the ovulatory process and prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 (PGHS-2) is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the PG biosynthetic pathway. To determine whether PGHS-2 is regulated in equine follicles before ovulation and, if so, to characterize its time course of induction, preovulatory follicles wer...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Sirois J,Doré M

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GnRH autoregulates GnRH neurons through an ultrashort feedback loop. One potential mechanism is the regulation of K(+) channel activity through the GnRH receptor. Whereas GnRH inhibits the activity of the M-current in peripheral neurons, there is no direct evidence that the M-current is involved in the autoregulatory ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Xu C,Roepke TA,Zhang C,Rønnekleiv OK,Kelly MJ

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) receptor is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase that mediates the growth-promoting effects of IGF-I and IGF-II. Changes in IGF-I receptor messenger RNA levels are reflected in cell surface receptor number, and modulation of IGF-I receptor levels affects tumorigenicity in numerous c...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Tajinda K,Carroll J,Roberts CT Jr

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00