Abstract:
:Neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) have been shown to play an important role in modulating LH secretion. One mechanism by which the ARH NPY system may regulate LH secretion is by modulating GnRH neuronal function. Thus, the present study examined whether the ARH NPY system provided direct input to GnRH cell bodies in the preoptic area (POA), as well as to their nerve terminals in the median eminence (ME). The possible involvement of the NPY Y1 receptor subtype in mediating the effects of NPY was also investigated. Lactating rats were used in these studies because they have increased hypothalamic NPY content, especially in the ARH/ME areas, making it easier to detect NPY fibers and terminals. The anterograde tracer, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), was iontophoresed into the ARH of lactating rats; and triple-label immunofluorescence was performed, with the aid of confocal microscopy, to visualize NPY, PHA-L, and GnRH. GnRH cell bodies were found scattered throughout the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis (OVLT)/POA region, and NPY/ PHA-L double-labeled fibers were found in very close proximity to numerous GnRH perikarya. In the ME, double-labeled NPY/PHA-L fibers were found in the inner and external zones, and they were found in close proximity to GnRH neuronal fibers. Using a NPY Y1 specific antibody, double-label immunofluorescence was performed to examine whether the Y1 receptor subtype was expressed in GnRH neurons. No convincing Y1-positive staining was found in GnRH cell bodies in the OVLT/POA region. However, abundant Y1-positive fiber and cell staining were observed throughout the region, and Y1-positive fibers were found in close apposition to GnRH cell bodies. In contrast, numerous GnRH nerve fibers and terminals in both the OVLT and ME were colocalized with Y1-positive staining. The results of this study suggest that ARH NPY neurons come in close contact with GnRH neurons and may provide direct input to both GnRH cell bodies in the POA region and to their nerve terminals in the ME. The Y1 receptor subtype may be directly involved in NPY modulation of GnRH secretion from its nerve terminals.
journal_name
Endocrinologyjournal_title
Endocrinologyauthors
Li C,Chen P,Smith MSdoi
10.1210/endo.140.11.7093subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-11-01 00:00:00pages
5382-90issue
11eissn
0013-7227issn
1945-7170journal_volume
140pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ENDOCRINOLOGY文献大全abstract::Adrenals express a high level of neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase (CEH) activity, and male rats have greater activity than females; however, the identity of the enzyme(s) responsible for this activity and the basis for the sex differences are unknown. Using mice in which hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) was inactivat...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.143.3.8693
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analogs of the seco-steroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)-2D3] can preferentially stimulate genomic or nongenomic signaling pathways in osteoblasts. In this study, we used 1,25-(OH)2D3 analogs and voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channel (VSCC) ligands, including dihydropyridines (Bay K 8644 and nitrendipine), in...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.135.6.7988430
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kisspeptin (encoded by the Kiss1 gene) is an important regulator of reproduction. In rodents, Kiss1 is expressed in two hypothalamic regions, the arcuate nucleus and anteroventral periventricular/ periventricular continuum, where it is regulated by sex steroids. However, the distribution, regulation, and functional si...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2010-1498
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A substantial body of experimental evidence indicates that serotonin (5-HT) and several synthetic 5-HT receptor agonists activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. To explore the mechanism(s) by which 5-HT or 5-HT agonists enhance the activity of the HPA axis in vitro, we examined the stimulatory effects ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-126-4-1888
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The growth regulatory activity of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF beta 1) was studied in a clonal strain of thyroid papillary carcinoma cell (NPA). Despite the presence of TGF beta 1 and its receptor messenger RNA in thyroid carcinoma, the molecular mechanism of TGF beta 1 action on cell growth of thyroid carci...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.135.4.7925100
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Actions of protein products resulting from alternative splicing of the Igf1 gene have received increasing attention in recent years. However, the significance and functional relevance of these observations remain poorly defined. To address functions of IGF-I splice variants, we examined the impact of loss of IGF-IEa a...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2010-1279
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::After hormonal ablation, 90% of the secretory epithelial cells of the prostate undergo apoptosis, and the remaining cells are reorganized as the tissue is remodeled. Using differential display RT-PCR of total RNA extracted from the rat ventral prostate before and 4 days after castration, we have cloned and sequenced a...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.140.7.6851
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Frequent blood sampling via intraatrial cannula revealed daily rhythms of TSH and thyroid hormones in both male and female Wistar rats. Thermic ablation of the biological clock, i.e. the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), eliminated the diurnal peak in circulating TSH and thyroid hormones. In addition, SCN lesions produce...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.141.10.7709
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated that uterine progesterone (P) receptor is under dual hormonal control; estradiol (E2) induces the synthesis of cytosolic P receptor, and P induces the loss of its own receptor and antagonizes E2-induced P receptor replenishment. The objective of this study was to examine the contribu...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-118-6-2488
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progesterone (P(4)) signaling is critical for pregnancy. We previously showed that immunopilin FK506 binding protein (FKBP)52 serves as a cochaperone to optimize progesterone receptor (PR) function in the uterus, and its deficiency leads to P(4) resistance in a pregnancy stage-specific and genetic background-dependent...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1035
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) enhances insulin biosynthesis and secretion as well as transcription of the insulin, GLUT2 and glucokinase genes. The latter are also regulated by the PDX-1 homeoprotein. We investigated the possibility that GLP-1 may be having its long-term pleiotropic effects through a hitherto unknow...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.140.10.7158
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum LH and FSH were measured at 60, 30, and 0 min before, at 5, 15, and 30 min during, and at 10, 45, and 90 min after bilateral electrical stimulation (ES) of various hypothalamic regions in 12 unanesthetized ovariectomized rhesus monkeys. ES of the arcuate-ventromedial nuclei (medial basal hypothalamus; MBH) induc...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-100-2-314
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acromegaly is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. Transgenic mice expressing bovine GH (bGH) gene have previously been used to examine the effects of chronic GH stimulation on cardiovascular function. Results concerning systolic blood pressure (SBP) in bGH mice are conflicting. We hypothe...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2013-1899
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::MCRs of testosterone (T) and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were determined in the morning and evening in four chronically chaired adult rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) by means of steady state infusion of [4-14C]testosterone and [1,2-3H]dihydrotestosterone. Morning and evening MCRs were comparable for both T and D...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-105-2-402
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPARγ) is a nuclear receptor transcription factor that regulates adipogenesis and energy homeostasis. Recent studies suggest PPARγ may mediate some of its metabolic effects through actions in the brain. We used a Cre-recombinase-dependent (using NestinCre) conditionally acti...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2016-1524
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid hormone produces a prompt, plasma membrane-mediated increase in several metabolic functions in the rat thymocyte. These effects of thyroid hormone require calcium and are inhibited by the beta-adrenergic antagonist alprenolol. In the present study, the interrelationship between thyroid hormone and adrenergic a...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-122-5-2240
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::With a recently developed microdissection technique, four circumventricular organs were removed from the rat brain, and their contents of LHRH and TRH were measured. The subfornical organ, the organon vasculosum lamia terminalis, the subcommissural organ, the area postrema all contained significant quantities of both ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-98-2-311
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under acute stress conditions in the rat, there is rapid and transient increase in circulating prolactin (PRL). This leads to an elevated expression of the long form of PRLR (PRLR-L) first in the hypothalamus and the choroid plexus. This increase in PRL is involved in the inhibition of stress-induced hypocalcemia and ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2004-1528
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nonpeptide CRH antagonist antalarmin has been shown to block both behavioral and endocrine responses to CRH. However, it's potential activity in blunting behavioral and endocrine sequelae of stressor exposure has not been assessed. Because antagonism of central CRH by alpha-helical CRH attenuates conditioned fear ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.140.1.6415
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study used perforated-patch electrophysiology and calcium imaging in GnRH transgenic mouse lines to determine the mechanisms underlying the potent excitatory effects of kisspeptin upon GnRH neurons in the acute brain slice preparation. Kisspeptin (100 nm) depolarized (6 +/- 1 mV) and/or evoked an 87 +/- 4%...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2008-0321
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotensin II (Ang II) is one of numerous hormones recently shown to be synthesized and secreted by adipose cells. Although the function of Ang II in adipose tissue is unknown, several studies indirectly suggest that it may be involved in control of adiposity. Little is known, however, about direct actions of Ang II ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.138.4.5038
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have provided evidence that tumors associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy produce a factor that shares certain biological properties with, but is not, native PTH. In the present study, media from Xenopus oocytes microinjected with polyadenylated RNA prepared from three human or animal tum...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-117-4-1661
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::PTH stimulates synthesis and secretion of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] in renal proximal tubule cells through activation of the protein kinase-A (PKA) or the protein kinase-C (PKC) signaling pathway. The relative contribution of the two transducing systems was explored using PTH fragments with selective act...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.133.2.8344210
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::GH3 rat pituitary cells have L-type voltage-gated calcium channels, and both the rate of uptake of 45Ca2+ and the concentration of intracellular free calcium ion ([Ca2+]i) are increased by depolarization with high potassium. Cells incubated for several days with 10 nM epidermal growth factor (EGF) responded to depolar...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.133.1.7686480
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adipose tissue secretes a variety of bioactive signaling molecules, termed adipokines, which regulate numerous biological functions including appetite, energy balance, glucose homeostasis, and inflammation. Chemerin is a novel adipokine that regulates adipocyte differentiation and metabolism by binding to and activati...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1490
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined whether mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase was activated by stimulation of the cAMP pathway and whether MAP kinase activation was involved in synthesis of PRL and GH in GH(3) cells. Treatment of the cells with a cAMP analog, 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)cAMP (CPT-cAMP), activated MAP kinase and increased PRL ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.7.8226
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::While the potential role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in ovarian physiology has been extensively studied, relatively limited attention has been paid to IGF-II the very presence of which in the mature rat ovary has been questioned. In the present study, we have reevaluated rat ovarian IGF-II gene expression, i...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-127-6-3249
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotensin type 1 receptor blockers are widely used for the treatment of hypertension, and one angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker, telmisartan, specifically activates the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma. We studied the impact of PPARgamma mutants on transcriptional control and interaction wit...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2008-0502
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kisspeptin-neurokinin B-dynorphin (KNDy) cells of the hypothalamus are a key component in the neuroendocrine regulation of GnRH secretion. Evidence in sheep and other species suggests that dynorphin released by KNDy cells inhibits pulsatile GnRH secretion by acting upon κ-opioid receptors (KOR). However, the precise a...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2015-1763
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rare 20K isoform of GH-V (here abbreviated as GHv) was discovered in 1998. To date, only 1 research article has characterized this isoform in vivo, observing that GHv treatment in male high-fat fed rats had several GH-like activities, but unlike GH lacked diabetogenic and lactogenic activities and failed to increase...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaa097
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00