Abstract:
:Bacteriophage lambda encodes a number of genes involved in the recombinational repair of DNA double-strand breaks. The product of one of these genes, rap, has been purified. Truncated Rap proteins that copurify with the full-length form are derived, at least in part, from a rho-dependent transcription terminator located within its coding sequence. Full-length and certain truncated Rap polypeptides bind preferentially to branched DNA substrates, including synthetic Holliday junctions and D-loops. In the presence of manganese ions, Rap acts as an endonuclease that cleaves at the branch point of Holliday and D-loop substrates. It shows no obvious sequence preference or symmetry of cleavage on a Holliday junction. The biochemical analysis of Rap gives an insight into how recombinants could be generated by the nicking of a D-loop without the formation of a classical Holliday junction.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Sharples GJ,Corbett LM,Graham IRdoi
10.1073/pnas.95.23.13507subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-11-10 00:00:00pages
13507-12issue
23eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
95pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Cellular telomere length is linked to replicative life span. Telomere repeats are lost in peripheral blood cells in vivo by age, and women show less telomere attrition than men. Previous reports have indicated that telomere length and chromosome-specific telomere-length patterns partly are inherited. The mode of hered...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0501724102
更新日期:2005-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::DNA containing 5-azacytosine (azaC) has previously been shown to be a potent inhibitor of DNA-cytosine methyltransferases. In this report, we describe experiments which demonstrate that azaC-DNA forms a covalent complex with Hpa II methylase, a bacterial enzyme that methylates the internal C of C-C-G-G sequences. The ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.22.6993
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cysteine-bound hemes are key components of many enzymes and biological sensors. Protonation (deprotonation) of the Cys ligand often accompanies redox transformations of these centers. To characterize these phenomena, we have engineered a series of Thr78Cys/Lys79Gly/Met80X mutants of yeast cytochrome c (cyt c) in which...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1317173111
更新日期:2014-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::Generation of nanomechanical cantilever motion from biomolecular interactions can have wide applications, ranging from high-throughput biomolecular detection to bioactuation. Although it has been suggested that such motion is caused by changes in surface stress of a cantilever beam, the origin of the surface-stress ch...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.031362498
更新日期:2001-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::Local changes in conformation between the calcium-saturated and calcium-free forms of calmodulin were monitored using antisera to four peptides corresponding to three helical regions of the calcium-saturated protein. The N-terminal helix was monitored using antiserum to residues 9-19, calmodulin-(9-19); the C-terminal...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.23.8888
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three protein kinases (ATP:protein phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.37) were detected when the soluble fraction of rabbit kidney medulla was chromatographed on DEAE-cellulose with a linear NaC1 gradient. The first two kinases eluted (Peak 1 and Peak II) were cyclic-AMP-dependent, wheras Peak III was cyclic-AMP-independent...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.6.2197
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We derive more than 80 embeddings of 2D hyperbolic honeycombs in Euclidean 3 space, forming 3-periodic infinite polyhedra with cubic symmetry. All embeddings are "minimally frustrated," formed by removing just enough isometries of the (regular, but unphysical) 2D hyperbolic honeycombs [Formula: see text], [Formula: se...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1720307115
更新日期:2018-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::Establishing a timeline for the evolution of novelties is a common, unifying goal at the intersection of evolutionary and developmental biology. Analyses of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) provide the ability to understand the underlying genetic and developmental mechanisms responsible for the origin of morphological ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1610603114
更新日期:2017-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::The translocation from chromosome 8 to chromosome 21, t(8;21), associated with acute myeloid leukemia results in production of an AML1/MTG8(ETO) fusion transcript. The product of the AML1 gene contains an evolutionarily conserved 128-amino acid region referred to as the "Runt domain," which is necessary for binding to...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.24.11723
更新日期:1994-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of cocaine to inhibit the dopamine transporter (DAT) appears to be crucial for its reinforcing properties. The potential use of drugs that produce long-lasting inhibition of the DAT as a mean of preventing the "high" and reducing drug-seeking behavior has become a major strategy in medication development. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.19.10388
更新日期:1996-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::The structure of the proline-specific aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.9) from Escherichia coli has been solved and refined for crystals of the native enzyme at a 2.0-A resolution, for a dipeptide-inhibited complex at 2.3-A resolution, and for a low-pH inactive form at 2.7-A resolution. The protein crystallizes as a tetramer...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.7.3472
更新日期:1998-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Three classes of heterogeneous nuclear RNA (HnRNA) alpha, beta, and gamma, with different chemical and physical properties, can be identified in the early sea urchin embryo by hybridization with poly(U). The relative amounts of these classes vary as a function of embryonic development. It is demonstrated here that the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.6.2217
更新日期:1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize antigens in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I gene products. The T-cell receptor (TCR) that mediates this MHC-restricted antigen recognition recognizes short peptide fragments rather than the intact antigen. Presentation of peptides to the TCR may th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.2.617
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is a major cause of serious disability due to the brain's limited capacity to regenerate damaged tissue and neuronal circuits. After ischemic injury, a multiphasic degenerative and inflammatory response is coupled with severely restricted vascular and neuronal repair, resulting in permanent functional deficits....
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1905309116
更新日期:2019-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the effects of recombinant (r) interleukin 7 (IL-7) on growth and differentiation of marrow pro-B-lymphocyte clones (CB/Bm7, LyD9, LyB9), marrow pro-T-lymphocyte clones (C4-77/3, C4-86/18, C4-95/16), and fetal thymocyte clones (FTH5, FTA2, FTD5) in the presence or absence of the bone marrow stroma clon...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.5.1634
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activities of cytosolic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase [3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA acetoacetyl-CoA-lyase (CoA-acylating), EC 4.1.3.5] and microsomal 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase[mevalonate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (CoA-acylating), EC 1.1.1.34], two sequential enzymes in the chole...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.4.1421
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In human adults, learning and memory under acute stress are characterized by an increased use of rigid habitual response strategies at the cost of flexible cognitive strategies. The immediate effects of stress on cognitive functioning early in life are not well understood. Here we show experimentally that acute stress...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1508345112
更新日期:2015-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::Viruses are the most common biological entities in the oceans by an order of magnitude. However, very little is known about their diversity. Here we report a genomic analysis of two uncultured marine viral communities. Over 65% of the sequences were not significantly similar to previously reported sequences, suggestin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.202488399
更新日期:2002-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Many interactions in modern human societies are among strangers. Explaining cooperation in such interactions is challenging. The two most prominent explanations critically depend on individuals' willingness to punish defectors: In models of direct punishment, individuals punish antisocial behavior at a personal cost, ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1413170111
更新日期:2014-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::The neural cell adhesion molecule N-CAM is a sialic acid-rich, cell surface glycoprotein that mediates cell adhesion by a homophilic mechanism. Its binding function has been implicated in both morphogenesis and histogenesis; during development it changes in amount at the cell surface and perinatally it undergoes a dec...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.21.6881
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purified dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels from rabbit skeletal muscle were reconstituted into phosphatidylcholine vesicles to evaluate the effect of phosphorylation by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PK-A) on their function. Both the rate and extent of 45Ca2+ uptake into vesicles containing reconstitute...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.17.6816
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro assembly of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) from its constituent RNA and protein occurs in two steps: formation of the initial complex by interaction of the 5'-end of TMV-RNA with 20S protein aggregate, and growth of the helical rod by sequential addition of protein subunits.Such a process was also observed in the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.12.3680
更新日期:1972-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::During heat shock, structural changes in proteins and membranes may lead to cell death. While GroE and other chaperone proteins are involved in the prevention of stress-induced protein aggregation and in the recovery of protein structures, a mechanism for short-term membrane stabilization during stress remains to be e...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.6.2192
更新日期:1997-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::High-resolution examination of pulse sequences generated by single visual cortex cells of the rhesus monkey in response to precisely controlled visual stimuli has disclosed (i) that the outputs of such neurons contain highly improbable (P less than 10(-7) numbers of identical triplets of precisely repeating pulse patt...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.24.9812
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theory predicts that double-core-hole (DCH) spectroscopy can provide a new powerful means of differentiating between similar chemical systems with a sensitivity not hitherto possible. Although DCH ionization on a single site in molecules was recently measured with double- and single-photon absorption, double-core hole...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1111380108
更新日期:2011-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::By manufacturing a single-particle system in two particulate forms (i.e., micrometer size and nanometer size), we have designed a bacterial vaccine form that exhibits improved efficacy of immunization. Microstructural properties are adapted to alter dispersive and aerosol properties independently. Dried "nanomicropart...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0800043105
更新日期:2008-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::Cysteine dioxygenase (CDO) catalyzes the oxidation of l-cysteine to cysteine sulfinic acid. Deficiencies in this enzyme have been linked to autoimmune diseases and neurological disorders. The x-ray crystal structure of CDO from Mus musculus was solved to a nominal resolution of 1.75 Angstroms. The sequence is 91% iden...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0509262103
更新日期:2006-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::T helper 17 (TH17) cells represent a discrete TH cell subset instrumental in the immune response to extracellular bacteria and fungi. However, TH17 cells are considered to be detrimentally involved in autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS). In contrast to TH17 cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells were shown to b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1523869113
更新日期:2016-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria in the human oral cavity often grow in an attached multispecies biofilm community. Members of this community display defined interactions that have an impact on the physiology of the individual and the group. Here, we show that during coculture growth with streptococci, the oral pathogen Aggregatibacter actin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0809533106
更新日期:2009-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Biomass burning drives changes in greenhouse gases, climate-forcing aerosols, and global atmospheric chemistry. There is controversy about the magnitude and timing of changes in biomass burning emissions on millennial time scales from preindustrial to present and about the relative importance of climate change and hum...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1807172115
更新日期:2018-12-04 00:00:00