Abstract：
:The growing size of trials on primary and secondary prevention of acute coronary syndromes characterised by very broad inclusion criteria may seem logical to 'trialists', who reason that the the broader the inclusion criteria, the easier it is to recruit large numbers of patients in a short period of time and the more widely applicable are the results of the study. However, large trials with very broad inclusion criteria raise two grounds for concern for physicians. The first is that the broader the inclusion criteria for enrollment in a trial in order to prove a statistically significant benefit, the greater the heterogeneity of the study population which is likely to include both susceptible and non-susceptible patients to the tested treatment. The second is that this method of assessment rapidly increases the number of treatments that produce a statistically-significant improvement in prognosis within the same broad group of patients. On the contrary, the identification of potential responders to a specific treatment can provide a personalised form of medical care suited to the needs of each individual patient with an optimal cost-benefit ratio. This approach, however, represents a major challenge as it can only be based on the identification of homogeneous subgroups of patients with common risk factors for the development of acute coronary syndromes or of their recurrence. This challenge can only be overcome by a strong commitment in funding studies on the multiple causes of acute coronary syndromes.
journal_name
Pharmacol Resjournal_title
Pharmacological researchauthors
Monaco C,Cianflone D,Summaria F,Maseri A,Crea Fdoi
10.1006/phrs.1998.0316subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-06-01 00:00:00pages
469-75issue
6eissn
1043-6618issn
1096-1186pii
S1043-6618(98)90316-4journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:This review summarizes the metabolism, secretion, regulation and sites of action of melatonin. An updated description of the melatonin receptors, including their signal transduction mechanisms, distribution and characterization of receptor genes, is given. Special emphasis is focused on the clinical aspects and potent...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2012.01.003
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psoriasis is a lifelong, chronic and immune-mediated skin disease affecting approximately 1-3% of the Caucasian population. Pathogenesis of psoriasis is associated with an increased expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). TNF-alpha is a pro-inflammatory cytokine and important mediator of cachexia. Anti-...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2008.02.006
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When chemerin was discovered in 1997, it was relegated to being a protein associated with the normal skin function contrasting the setting of psoriasis. However, with the discovery of multiple receptors for the chemerin protein and a vast collection of associations with various pathologies, chemerin has global influen...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2015.07.018
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of betel leaf extract (0.10, 0.40, 0.80 and 2.0 g kg-1 day-1 for 15 days) on the alterations in thyroid hormone concentrations. lipid peroxidation (LPO) and on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were investigated in male Swiss mice. Administration of betel leaf extract exhibite...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/phrs.1998.0398
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gamma-vinyl GABA (vigabatrin; VGB), an irreversible inhibitor of GABA-transaminase, was evaluated for its effect on the contractile responses to PGE(2) or its precursor arachidonic acid (AA) in guinea pig ileum (GPI) and non-pregnant rat uterus. Rationale behind this study was the rise in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1043-6618(03)00045-8
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although calcimimetics were developed to block parathyroid hormone synthesis, some reports suggest that they may also reduce blood pressure by unknown mechanisms. Calcimimetic-induced changes in the synthesis of endothelial vasoactive factors could be involved. Wistar rats were treated with the calcimimetic R-568, and...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2013.07.006
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several factors such as proteinuria and renal fibrosis may be important in the progression of many forms of chronic renal diseases. The purposes of the current study were to investigate the progressive renal failure of the rats with surgical renal mass reduction (RMR) and the effect of the angiotensin-converting enzym...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1043-6618(02)00321-3
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytophotometric measurement of the effect of praziquantel (500 mg/kg for 2 days) versus hycanthone (60 mg/kg for 3 days) on hepatocyte nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content was evaluated in Schistosoma mansoni infected mice. Drugs were given 8 weeks post-infection and repeated weekly for 4 weeks. DNA values of i...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/1043-6618(90)90718-s
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Corticosteroids are shown to have deleterious effects on wound healing for various tissues. Arginine metabolism and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis play an important role in many aspects of inflammation and wound healing. The study was designed to evaluate the relationship of dexamethasone impaired healing of tracheal ana...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1043-6618(02)00130-5
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postnatal bone marrow contains a subtype of unique progenitor cells that have the capacity to differentiate into functional endothelial cells. Hence, these cells have been termed endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). In general, circulating EPCs were characterized by the expression of CD133, CD34 and the vascular endot...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2008.07.008
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of age and sex on the predictive value of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been controversial, and the effect of specific gene mutations on the predictive value of CRC patients treated with ICIs remains to be explored. Our study analyzed the influence of ...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105028
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the effect of acute trazodone (3--20 mg kg(-1)) and quipazine (1--3 mg kg(-1)) treatment on the apomorphine-induced (1 mg kg(-1), once daily over 2 weeks) aggressive behaviour in male Wistar rats. All doses of trazodone and quipazine tested attenuated the aggressiveness as evidenced by the abolished in...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/phrs.2000.0790
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH:Overexpression of the human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase type 1 (hDDAH1) gene was reported to have beneficial cardiovascular effects in mice. To date, it is unclear whether these effects are related to enhanced metabolic clearance of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and l-N(G)-mono-...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2009.08.001
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gastrointestinal effects of single and repeated administration of ferrous sulphate was evaluated measuring faecal flora modifications and histology of stomach and duodenum of the rat. The acute experiments showed reversible histopathological lesions of stomach and duodenum with iron deposition and increase in faec...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/phrs.1993.1007
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. The impact of diabetes on the heart in part resides in the changes in metabolic fuel availability evoked by lack of insulin or resistance to its action. This review addresses how the metabolic abnormalities associated with poo...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2009.04.006
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lupeol is a natural triterpenoid that widely exists in edible fruits and vegetables, and medicinal plants. In the last decade, a plethora of studies on the pharmacological activities of lupeol have been conducted and have demonstrated that lupeol possesses an extensive range of pharmacological activities such as antic...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105373
更新日期：2020-12-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Nephrotoxicity associated with cyclosporine A (CsA) administration is characterized by marked renal vasoconstriction, interstitial fibrosis and arteriolar hypertrophy. The molecular mechanisms of CsA nephrotoxicity are not well characterized, but previous studies have demonstrated that angiotensin II (Ang II), the pri...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/phrs.2002.0959
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to examine the effects of KTO-7924 (beta3-adrenoceptor agonist) on lipid metabolism and mRNA expressions in retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RP WAT) in obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats using DNA microarray. Oral KTO-7924 for 28 days significantly decreased RP WAT weight, plasma triglyceride, free fatty acid, an...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2005.05.014
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The epidemic of pneumonia (COVID-19) caused by novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been listed as a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization (WHO), and its harm degree is defined as a global "pandemic". At present, the efforts of various countries focus on the rapid di...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With more than four decades of clinical research and 25 years of clinical trials, much is known about the natural history of T1D before and after clinical diagnosis. We know that autoimmunity occurs early in life, that islet autoimmunity inevitably leads to clinically overt disease, and that some immune therapies can ...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nanotechnology applications in medicine, termed as nanomedicine, have introduced a number of nanoparticles of variable chemistry and architecture for cancer imaging and treatment. Nanotechnology involves engineering multifunctional devices with dimensions at the nanoscale, similar dimensions as those of large biologic...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2010.03.005
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The intestinal barrier function depends on an adequate response to pathogens by the epithelium. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3) recognizes double-stranded RNA, a virus-associated molecular pattern. Activation of TLR-3 with Poly(I:C), a synthetic agonist, modulates tissue repair and permeability in other epithelia; howeve...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2015.06.016
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is a consensus view that a strategy to increase heart resistance to ischaemia-reperfusion is a warranted. Here, based on our previous study, we have hypothesized that a nicotinamide-rich diet could increase myocardial resistance to ischaemia-reperfusion. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2010.01.008
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some antihistamines (mainly terfenadine and astemizole) have been demonstrated to cause QT interval prolongation and, in some cases, torsade-de-pointes. We investigated the cardiac electrophysiological effects of brompheniramine, a conventional antihistamine. Brompheniramine was reported to prolong QT interval in isol...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2006.08.004
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-acetyl penicillamine (NAP), a derivative of penicillamine and copper chelator has been employed as a potential protector of host stress organ injury during Plasmodium berghei infection in mice. Intramuscular injection of NAP (60 mg kg-1 body wt for 10 days) to P. berghei mice was able to restrict the hepato- and spl...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/phrs.1997.0233
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The blood-brain barrier (BBB) keeps the central nervous system (CNS) safe from various brain diseases, while the BBB makes it difficult for effective drugs to enter the CNS. Mfsd2a is specifically expressed on the cell membrane of brain-microvascular endothelial cell (BMEC) and is implicated in the delivery of some su...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2015.12.024
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Indole-based compounds, such as the alkyl-indole (AI) compound WIN55212-2, activate the cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, two well-characterized G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). Reports indicate that several indole-based cannabinoid agonists, including WIN55212-2, lack selectivity and interact with at least two a...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.025
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxylipins (OXLs) are bioactive molecules generated by the oxidation of fatty acids that promote the resolution of acute inflammation and prevent chronic inflammatory processes through molecular mechanisms that are not well known. We have previously reported the anti-inflammatory activity of microalgae-derived OXLs and...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2017.10.009
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atropine (5 mg/kg, s.c., twice daily) had no significant effect on 24-h water consumption on day 1 of treatment; on subsequent days the rats showed a significant increase. Procyclidine (5 mg/kg, s.c., twice daily) had a similar effect, except that the increase in daily water consumption began on the third day of treat...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/1043-6618(90)90745-y
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
