Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Two recent much cited publications have raised the concern that risk associated with cigarette smoking has so far been underestimated. In this study we wish to determine whether excess all-cause mortality associated with smoking has increased during the last 20-30 years in a study population representative of the general Danish population and whether any such changes relate to changes in smoking behaviour. METHODS:Pooled data from three prospective population studies conducted in Copenhagen with detailed information on smoking habits. A total of 31,194 subjects, 17,669 males and 13,525 females, initially examined between 1964 and 1992 with examinations repeated at intervals from 1-10 years, were followed until 1995 for all-cause mortality. Relative mortality risk in smokers versus never-smokers was calculated within periods of five calendar years and compared throughout the study period. RESULTS:Male smokers' exposure did not change during the study period whereas female smokers' exposure to tobacco increased in terms of age at smoking onset, quantity smoked and depth of inhalation. During follow-up 5744 males and 2900 females died. In males, death rate ratios (comparing continuous smokers with never-smokers) did not change in the study period. In females, ratios increased from 1964-1978 to 1979-1994 by a factor of 1.3 (95% confidence interval 1.0-1.8). CONCLUSIONS:In agreement with the observed changes in smoking habits, excess mortality in male smokers did not increase whereas excess mortality in female smokers increased slightly.
journal_name
Int J Epidemioljournal_title
International journal of epidemiologyauthors
Prescott E,Osler M,Andersen PK,Bjerg A,Hein HO,Borch-Johnsen K,Lange P,Schnohr P,Vestbo Jdoi
10.1093/ije/26.6.1214subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-12-01 00:00:00pages
1214-8issue
6eissn
0300-5771issn
1464-3685journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:This prospective study was performed in order to investigate the effect of baseline body mass index (BMI), BMI changes, baseline alcohol consumption, and changes in alcohol consumption on liver enzyme activity. METHODS:This study population consisted of 6846 male workers in a steel manufacturing company who...
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doi:10.1093/ije/30.4.766
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown that the serum level of sialic acid is associated positively with mortality from coronary disease and stroke. In this study its relation with carotid atherosclerosis was evaluated. METHODS:From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, 323 cases with carotid intima-me...
journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
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更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To describe the seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in a population of Egyptian children under 3 years. METHODS:A cohort of children under 36 months, residing in Abu Homos, Egypt, were visited at home twice weekly. Information regarding the child's breastfeeding status was obtained, and period...
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更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1093/ije/17.4.899
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:International journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2020-11-05 00:00:00
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更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ije/19.3.571
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00