Measles, mumps and rubella vs diphtheria-tetanus-acellular-pertussis-inactivated-polio-Haemophilus influenzae type b as the most recent vaccine and risk of early 'childhood asthma'.

abstract：Background:Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) has largely disappeared from high-income countries. However, in New Zealand (NZ) rates remain high in indigenous (Māori) and Pacific populations. In 2011, NZ launched an intensive and unparalleled primary Rheumatic Fever Prevention Programme (RFPP). We evaluated the impact of the ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Jack SJ,Williamson DA,Galloway Y,Pierse N,Zhang J,Oliver J,Milne RJ,Mackereth G,Jackson CM,Steer AC,Carapetis JR,Baker MG

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Several studies have shown that inactivated, whole-cell oral cholera vaccines (OCVs) confer both direct protection on vaccinees and herd protection on populations. Because our earlier cluster-randomized effectiveness trial (CRT) in urban Bangladesh failed to detect OCV herd protection, we reanalysed the tria...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Ali M,Qadri F,Kim DR,Islam T,Im J,Ahmmed F,Chon Y,Islam Khan A,Zaman K,Marks F,Clemens JD

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We examined secular changes in resting heart rate (RHR) and their relationship with changes in other cardiovascular risk factors in adult men and women over a 22-year period. METHODS:A single-centre population-based longitudinal study comprised 30,699 men and women aged 30-89 years who participated in at le...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Sharashova E,Wilsgaard T,Brenn T

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence increasingly suggests that ethnic differences in cardiovascular risk are partly mediated by adipose tissue biology, which refers to the regional distribution of adipose tissue and its differential metabolic activity. This paper proposes a novel evolutionary hypothesis for ethnic genetic variability in adipose...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Wells JC

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Associations between drug consumption during pregnancy and the birth of children with oral clefts were studied in material from the Finnish Register of Congenital Malformations, consisting of 599 children with clefts and their matched controls. Information concerning maternal drug consumption was partly prospective. D...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Saxén I

更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper we examine the effects on life expectancy of elimination of 4 major causes of death. Methodologically, we compare the results of cause elimination under assumptions of pattern of failure elimination and assumptions of underlying cause elimination in a modified multiple-decrement life table framework for ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Manton KG,Patrick CH,Stallard E

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to study differences in mortality and causes of death between HIV positive and HIV negative intravenous drug users (IVDU), 1009 (180 HIV positive and 829 HIV negative) IVDU in Oslo, Norway, were followed from their first HIV test for a mean period of 36 months (range 1-67 months). Eighty-seven (55 HIV negativ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Eskild A,Magnus P,Samuelsen SO,Sohlberg C,Kittelsen P

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spontaneous losses between the 5th and 27th weeks of pregnancy were measured in a prospective study of 32 123 women whose contraceptive history around the time of conception was known. Diaphragm use prior to conception was associated with a significant reduction in second-trimester losses, after taking into account th...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Harlap S,Shiono PH,Ramcharan S

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A generalized least squares regression approach is proposed for the analysis of data arising from experimental studies involving cluster randomization and non-experimental studies in which the major treatment factor corresponds to a characteristic which applies at the cluster level. This approach is more flexible than...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Donner A

更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mortality among male employees was studied in a chromium chemical production plant, part of which was rebuilt in 1950-51 and the remainder in 1960, to reduce exposure to chromium bearing dusts. Of 2 101 employees initially employed between 1945 and 1974 and having worked at least 90 days, the vital status of 88% was a...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Hayes RB,Lilienfeld AM,Snell LM

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies suggest that increased levels of physical activity might decrease the risk of prostate cancer. We ascertained lifetime measures of activity in a population-based case-control study of prostate cancer in Shanghai, China to investigate physical activity in a population where the incidence of prostate c...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Lacey JV Jr,Deng J,Dosemeci M,Gao YT,Mostofi FK,Sesterhenn IA,Xie T,Hsing AW

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Research in modern biomedicine and social science requires sample sizes so large that they can often only be achieved through a pooled co-analysis of data from several studies. But the pooling of information from individuals in a central database that may be queried by researchers raises important ethico-leg...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gaye A,Marcon Y,Isaeva J,LaFlamme P,Turner A,Jones EM,Minion J,Boyd AW,Newby CJ,Nuotio ML,Wilson R,Butters O,Murtagh B,Demir I,Doiron D,Giepmans L,Wallace SE,Budin-Ljøsne I,Oliver Schmidt C,Boffetta P,Boniol M,B

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The relationships between cold temperatures and cardio-respiratory mortality in the elderly are well documented. We wished to determine whether similar relationships exist with consultations in the primary care setting and to assess the lag time at which the effects were observed. METHODS:Generalized additi...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Hajat S,Haines A

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This is a study of the associations of adult leg and trunk length with early life height and weight, diet, socioeconomic circumstances, and health, and parental height, divorce and death. METHOD:The data used were collected in a longitudinal study of the health, development and ageing of a British national ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Wadsworth ME,Hardy RJ,Paul AA,Marshall SF,Cole TJ

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This case-control study was designed to determine whether males who were exposed to diethylstilboestrol (DES) in utero are at increased risk of testicular cancer. Questionnaires were completed for 79 residents of Connecticut, who were diagnosed with primary cancer of the testes between 1945 and approximately six month...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gershman ST,Stolley PD

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of smoking habits, socio-occupational factors and respiratory symptoms in the development of airflow obstruction have been studied in a working population of 575 men aged 30-54 in 1960 and surveyed in 1960 and 1972. On average, FEV1 decreased by 47 ml/annum. Apart from FEV1 level, which reflects loss since...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kauffmann F,Drouet D,Lellouch J,Brille D

更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Violent criminality is at least moderately heritable, but the mechanisms behind this remain largely unexplained. Height, a highly heritable trait, may be involved but no study has estimated the effect of height on crime while simultaneously accounting for important demographic, biological and other heritable...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Beckley AL,Kuja-Halkola R,Lundholm L,Långström N,Frisell T

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown an inconsistency in the association between maternal education and child nutritional status across socioeconomic levels. This may be because the beneficial effects of education are only significant when resources are sufficient but not abundant. METHODS:Associations were examined...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Reed BA,Habicht JP,Niameogo C

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Urbanization in developing countries is usually accompanied by migration to cities, making it a challenge to unpack the independent relationships between migration, urbanization and health, particularly in the presence of health-selective migration. Since 1978, unprecedented planned urbanization has taken pl...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Hou B,Nazroo J,Banks J,Marshall A

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The proportion of births to women of New Commonwealth origin in different Area Health Authorities (AHAs) varies widely. The influence of this varying proportion in contributing to differences in perinatal mortality rate (PNMR) between authorities is examined. Firstly, it is shown that the two main 'immigrant' groups h...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Marshall T,Mallett R

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine the seasonal effect on all-cause and cause-specific mortality and to identify high-risk groups. METHODS:A 25-year follow-up of 19,019 male civil servants aged 40-69 years. RESULTS:All-cause mortality was seasonal (ratio of highest mortality rate during winter versus lowest rate during summer 1...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： van Rossum CT,Shipley MJ,Hemingway H,Grobbee DE,Mackenbach JP,Marmot MG

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mortalities from selected causes from 1973 to 1982 among Koreans, Chinese, and Americans residing in Japan were compared with those of Japanese. In the Korean population, besides the well-documented excess in mortalities from liver cancer, lung cancer, liver cirrhosis and male tuberculosis, a rather prominent elevatio...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kono S,Isa AR,Ogimoto I,Yoshimura T

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case-control study of risk factors for child diarrhoeal disease was undertaken in a rural area of Nicaragua. Some 1229 children under the age of five were matched with an equal number of children of the same age presenting with other illnesses unrelated to water and sanitation. The main types of water supply were sa...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gorter AC,Sandiford P,Smith GD,Pauw JP

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Being a zoonosis, the transmission of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is influenced by climatic, reservoir and occupational factors. This paper has quantified the incidence and potential risk factors of HFRS in Yingshang County, a low-lying epidemic focus of the disease in China. METHODS:Corre...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Bi P,Tong S,Donald K,Parton K,Ni J

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Mortality was compared in the Jewish populations of Montreal and Israel and the overall Canadian population, to investigate whether the Israeli pattern of low male mortality and relatively high female mortality is replicated among Jews living elsewhere. METHODS:In Montreal, death certificates were obtained ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Shatenstein B,Kark JD

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The male:female (M:F) mortality ratio for under-five mortality varies considerably across and within societies. Maternal education has been linked to better outcomes for girls, but the evidence is mixed. We examined how the M:F ratio for under-five mortality varies by maternal education in sub-Saharan Africa...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Monden CW,Smits J

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women and the incidence has increased over time. Our objectives were to study: (1) the socioeconomic differences in breast cancer incidence and mortality in Denmark, (2) how different socioeconomic groups have contributed to the increasing incidence, (3) whether t...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Danø H,Andersen O,Ewertz M,Petersen JH,Lynge E

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Violence among adolescents may have serious developmental, physical, and mental health consequences for the affected individuals. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of violent behaviour and its correlates among 15-16 year old schoolchildren in Iceland. METHODS:In 1997, a cross-sectional survey was co...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gudlaugsdottir GR,Vilhjalmsson R,Kristjansdottir G,Jacobsen R,Meyrowitsch D

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is usually based on trials where patients are randomized individually into two different, parallel, treatment groups. This paper concentrates on RCTs of a different design-two-period, two-treatment cross-over trials. METHODS:The characteristics of these t...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Elbourne DR,Altman DG,Higgins JP,Curtin F,Worthington HV,Vail A

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is considerable interest in estimating the causal effect of a range of maternal environmental exposures on offspring health-related outcomes. Previous attempts to do this using Mendelian randomization methodologies have been hampered by the paucity of epidemiological cohorts with large numbers of genot...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Evans DM,Moen GH,Hwang LD,Lawlor DA,Warrington NM

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00