Abstract：
:Electrical and mechanical stimulation of the oesophagus has been recently proposed to examine the physiological effects of autonomic stimulation in humans. Cortical evoked potentials (EPs) to oesophageal stimulation provide an assessment of afferent fibres and central processing. However, habituation takes place during averaging of cortical EPs and reduces the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as the number of stimuli increases. The SNR of cortical EPs to oesophageal stimulation is computed for 15 normal subjects. Habituation is characterised by the Euclidean distance between the EEG response to single stimuli and the averaged EP, to serve as an objective measure of similarity between the averaged EP and the single-stimulus EEG. With electrical stimulation, the SNR is highest (0.41 +/- 0.21) for 1-12 stimuli and then significantly decreases to 0.2 +/- 0.08 for 13-24 stimuli (p < 0.001). With balloon distension (BD), the SNR is highest (0.22 +/- 0.16) for 1-12 stimuli and lowest (0.12 +/- 0.14) for 13-24 stimuli, but these SNRs are not significantly different from each other. Both electrical and mechanical stimulation of the oesophagus produce rapidly adapting EPs. The SNR of the EPs is higher with electrical stimulation than with BD. The EPs response to BD has a higher variability and is more noisy. Consequently, these results suggest that the overall cortical EP response to electrical stimulation of the oesophagus is more reproducible than that due to balloon distension.
journal_name
Med Biol Eng Computjournal_title
Medical & biological engineering & computingauthors
Kamath MV,Tougas G,Hollerbach S,Premji R,Fitzpatrick D,Shine G,Upton ARdoi
10.1007/BF02534088subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-07-01 00:00:00pages
343-7issue
4eissn
0140-0118issn
1741-0444journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Long periods of bed rest negatively affect the human body organs, notably the cardiovascular system. To avert these negative effects and promote functional recovery in patients dealing with prolonged bed rest, the goal is to mobilize them as early as possible while controlling and stabilizing their cardiovascular syst...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-017-1628-8
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leukaemia is a type of blood cancer which mainly occurs when bone marrow produces excess white blood cells in our body. This disease not only affects adult but also is a common cancer type among children. Treatment of leukaemia depends on its type and how far the disease has spread in the body. Leukaemia is classified...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-020-02282-x
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A hypothetical neuromusculoskeletal model is developed to simulate human normal walking and its modulated behaviors. A small set of neural periodic patterns drive spinal muscle synergies which in turn lead to specific pattern of muscle activation and supraspinal feedback systems maintain postural balance during walkin...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-007-0277-8
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual inspection of foetal heart rate (FHR) sequences is an important means of foetal well-being evaluation. The application of fractal features for classifying physiologically relevant FHR sequence patterns is reported. The use of fractal features is motivated by the difficulties exhibited by traditional classificat...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02510743
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The changes in the power spectra of single-fibre extracellular action potentials (SFEAPs) generated in an infinite anisotropic frequency-dependent volume conductor, which occurred as a result of alterations in the propagation velocity v and duration T(in) of the intracellular action potential (IAP) were analytically d...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02446167
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to analyse the trends of the first three power spectral moments of the mechanomyogram (MMG) signal recorded by a microphone (MMG(MIC)) and an accelerometer (MMG(ACC)) during sustained contractions. MMG signals were recorded from the biceps brachii muscle in 14 healthy male subjects during a 3...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-006-0036-2
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Architectural distortion is a subtle abnormality in mammograms, and a source of overlooking errors by radiologists. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) techniques can improve the performance of radiologists in detecting masses and calcifications; however, most CAD systems have not been designed to detect architectural dist...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-006-0088-3
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Automatic identification of landmarks in cephalometry is very important and useful for orthognathic surgery. A computerised automatic cephalometric analysis system (CACAS), based on image processing, is presented. For an original X-ray image, median filtering and histogram equalisation are used to improve image qualit...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02345280
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative sensory testing (QST) can provide useful information about the underlying mechanisms involved in chronic pain. However, currently available devices typically employed suffer from operator-dependent effects, or are too cumbersome for routine clinical care. This paper presents the design and initial validat...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-013-1033-x
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new transducer has been developed, based on an inductive principle, for recording fetal movements and sounds. The compliance of this transducer, the INductive PHOno-sensor (INPHO), can be matched to that of the maternal abdomen to provide an optimal transfer of displacement between maternal abdomen and transducer. I...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02441655
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The magnitude, mismatch and temporal variations of the electrode-gel-skin interface impedance can cause problems in electrical impedance tomography (EIT) measurement. It is shown that at the high frequencies generally encountered in EIT the capacitive properties of the electrode interface, and especially those of the ...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02523842
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A three-dimensional model of myocardial tissue has been developed which incorporates electrotonic interactions between neighbouring myocytes. The algorithms of the model are based on asynchronous planning of discrete events. Each cellular element is described in a logical way and traces a predefined action potential w...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02441665
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Successful identification of gastric slow waves in canine gastric electrical activity (GEA) data was achieved using a statistical data-processing procedure based on the multiple linear regression (MLR) curve fitting technique. Both distal and proximal waveforms were identified, first by construction of separate orthon...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02345076
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple inertial measurement unit (IMU) incorporating rate gyroscopes and accelerometers has been tested to investigate the trunk kinematics during the sit-to-stand. It was affixed at trunk L5 level and used for sit-to-stand position and orientation reconstruction. The method was validated with standard optoelectroni...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-007-0224-8
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Whether Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy with an attenuated total reflection prism could be applied for noninvasive glucose measurement through oral mucosa was evaluated. As a result, the same absorbance peak at 1033 cm-1 as in glucose aqueous solution was found in the absorbance spectra through mucous membran...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02446645
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A hydrodynamic model for the part of the human arterial network below the renal arteries has been constructed using specially fabricated distensible tubes and a pulsatile pump to simulate an aortoiliac bypass. The experiments and the computer model indicated that no 'steal' occurred due to the insertion of the bypass ...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02441802
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new algorithm to resolve superimposed motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) is described, which uses a reduced search space and is based on the peel off approach. Knowledge specific to the problem domain, such as temporal relationships between and within motor unit action potential trains and MUAP energy information,...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02637020
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A system, to collect, analyse and display biological data, is developed using IBM PC AT compatibles (PCs) or CED1401/1609 devices networked to a VAX environment. It can be operated in three separate modes: using the CED/IEEE/VAX network; using the PC/Ethernet/VAX network; as a standalone PC. The original system compri...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02446881
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to its capabilities in analysing injury risk, the ability to analyse an athlete's ground reaction force and joint moments is of high interest in sports biomechanics. However, using force plates for the kinetic measurements influences the athlete's performance. Therefore, this study aims to use a feed-forward neura...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-019-02000-2
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sperm morphology, as an indicator of fertility, is a critical tool in semen analysis. In this study, a smartphone-based hybrid system that fully automates the sperm morphological analysis is introduced with the aim of eliminating unwanted human factors. Proposed hybrid system consists of two progressive steps: automat...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-019-02101-y
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High-frequency nanosecond-pulsed electric fields were recently introduced for tumor or abnormal tissue ablation to solve some problems of conventional electroporation. However, it is necessary to study the thermal effects of high-field-intensity nanosecond pulses inside tissues. The multi-parametric analysis performed...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-016-1589-3
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The object of this study is to compare the performance of two new bilinear time-frequency representation techniques with the spectrogram to characterise the behaviour of heart murmurs produced by bioprosthetic heart valves implanted in the mitral or aortic position. The murmurs are those of mitral stenosis, mitral reg...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02525526
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurofilaments are organised into parallel bundles in axons through crossbridges formed by lateral projections of neurofilament subunits. Pure neurofilaments form gels in vitro, consisting of interconnected parallel arrays of filaments regulated by the phosphorylation level of neurofilament subunits. Neurofilament-ass...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02522486
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In total hip arthroplasty, determining the impingement free range of motion requirement is a complex task. This is because in the native hip, motion is restricted by both impingement as well as soft tissue restraint. The aim of this study is to determine a range of motion benchmark which can identify motions which are...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-012-1016-3
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical efficacy of a microwave (MW) hyperthermia system using an electric-field converging (lens) applicator is evaluated for 42 malignant tumours with a maximum tumour depth of less than 7 cm. The mean of the maximum, average and minimum tumour temperature of the 42 tumours are 44.5, 42.5 and 40.7 C, respective...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02522944
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue surface temperature distribution on the treatment site can serve as an indicator for the effectiveness of a photothermal therapy. In this study, both infrared thermography and theoretical simulation were used to determine the surface temperature distribution during laser irradiation of both gel phantom and anim...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-007-0251-5
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the electroencephalogram functional connectivity (coherence) and effective connectivity (flow of information) of selected brain regions during three different attentive states: awake, meditation and drowsiness. For the estimation of functional connectivity (coherence), Welch and minimum variance di...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-015-1272-0
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The problem of excess cerebrospinal fluid in the brain (hydrocephalus) is generally managed using a passive pressure or flow regulated mechanical shunt. Despite the success of such devices, they have been plagued with a number of problems. It is desirable to have a shunt valve that responds dynamically to the changing...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11517-010-0716-9
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An original numerical method is developed to compute the 3D electric potential generated by a dot-contact cuff electrode implanted around an axisymmetrical, inhomogeneous, anisotropic nerve. The technique is based on a 2D finite-element approach coupled with a semi-analytical Fourier spectral decomposition to approxim...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02513375
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preprocessing, binning and dataset subsampling are investigated with regard to simultaneous maximisation of the speed, accuracy and robustness of CT-3D rotational angiography (3DRA) registration. Clinical diagnosis and treatment can both take advantage of this integration, because 3DRA allows the shape of vessel struc...
journal_title：Medical & biological engineering & computing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02351041
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
