The protein product of the het-s heterokaryon incompatibility gene of the fungus Podospora anserina behaves as a prion analog.

abstract：:The discipline-wide effort to database the fossil record at the occurrence level has made it possible to estimate marine invertebrate extinction and origination rates with much greater accuracy. The new data show that two biotic mechanisms have hastened recoveries from mass extinctions and confined diversity to a rela...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alroy J

更新日期：2008-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated a major integral membrane protein from Golgi-derived coatomer-coated vesicles. This 24-kDa protein, p24, defines a family of integral membrane proteins with homologs present in yeast and humans. In addition to sequence similarity, all p24 family members contain a motif with the characteristic heptad r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stamnes MA,Craighead MW,Hoe MH,Lampen N,Geromanos S,Tempst P,Rothman JE

更新日期：1995-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) controls a key metabolic step in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. This step is the NAD-dependent oxidation of inosine 5' monophosphate (IMP) to xanthosine 5' monophosphate, the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of the guanine nucleotides. Two isoforms of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Colby TD,Vanderveen K,Strickler MD,Markham GD,Goldstein BM

更新日期：1999-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of natural killer (NK) cell function in vivo have been challenging primarily due to the lack of animal models in which NK cells are genetically and selectively deficient. Here, we describe a transgenic mouse with defective natural killing and selective deficiency in NK1.1(+) CD3(-) cells. Despite functionally ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim S,Iizuka K,Aguila HL,Weissman IL,Yokoyama WM

更新日期：2000-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the conversion of nucleoside diphosphates to deoxynucleoside diphosphates. Crucial for rapidly dividing cells, RNR is a target for cancer therapy. In eukaryotes, RNR comprises a heterooligomer of alpha(2) and beta(2) subunits. Rnr1, the alpha subunit, contains regulatory and ca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu H,Faber C,Uchiki T,Racca J,Dealwis C

更新日期：2006-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Using electron microscopy and fitting of crystal structures, we present the 3D reconstruction of ligand-induced dimers of intact receptor tyrosine kinase, KIT. We observe that KIT protomers form close contacts throughout the entire structure of ligand-bound receptor dimers, and that the dimeric receptors adopt multipl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Opatowsky Y,Lax I,Tomé F,Bleichert F,Unger VM,Schlessinger J

更新日期：2014-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The catalytic power of enzymes containing coenzyme B12 has been, in some respects, the "last bastion" for the strain hypothesis. Our previous study of this system established by a careful sampling that the major part of the catalytic effect is due to the electrostatic interaction between the ribose of the ado group an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schopf P,Mills MJ,Warshel A

更新日期：2015-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied visual perception using an annular random-dot motion stimulus called the racetrack. We recorded neural activity using magnetoencephalography while subjects viewed variants of this stimulus that contained no inherent motion or various degrees of embedded motion. Subjects reported seeing rotary motion during ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Crowe DA,Leuthold AC,Georgopoulos AP

更新日期：2010-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Serial passage of simian virus 40 (SV40) at high multiplicity of infection leads to the emergence of variants with deleted, substituted, and/or duplicated DNA. Individual variants have been cloned by selective complementation with temperature sensitive SV40 mutants, or nonselectively by coinfection of cells with wild-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brockman WW,Nathans D

更新日期：1974-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The assembly of heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) into ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles has been investigated during in vitro transcription in isolated nuclei. Approximately 80% of the in vitro transcription observed in mouse Friend erythroleukemia cell nuclei is attributable to the activity of RNA polymerase II. In ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Economidis IV,Pederson T

更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA sequence of a tryptophan synthase gene and the flanking 5' and 3' regions has been determined for Arabidopsis thaliana. The sequence encodes only the beta subunit domain, indicating that alpha and beta subunits are specified by separate genes. The gene contains four introns and encodes 470 amino acid residues....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berlyn MB,Last RL,Fink GR

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major obstacle to the study of functional/structural interrelationships of spinach chloroplasts by using spin labels has been the rapid loss of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signals upon illumination with visible light. The present study demonstrates that the addition of ferredoxin and NADP+ in the pre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sun AS,Calvin M

更新日期：1975-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the Ig superfamily (IgSF), intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) form a subfamily that binds the leukocyte integrin alphaLbeta2. We report a 1.65-A-resolution crystal structure of the ICAM-3 N-terminal domain (D1) in complex with the inserted domain, the ligand-binding domain of alphaLbeta2. This high-resolu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Song G,Yang Y,Liu JH,Casasnovas JM,Shimaoka M,Springer TA,Wang JH

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phenotypic modification of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons represents an important mechanism underlying neuropathic pain. However, the nerve injury-induced molecular changes are not fully identified. To determine the molecular alterations in a broader way, we have carried out cDNA array on the genes mainly made fro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xiao HS,Huang QH,Zhang FX,Bao L,Lu YJ,Guo C,Yang L,Huang WJ,Fu G,Xu SH,Cheng XP,Yan Q,Zhu ZD,Zhang X,Chen Z,Han ZG,Zhang X

更新日期：2002-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:For a distribution F on R(p) and a point x in R(p) the simplicial depth D(x), which is the probability that x be inside a random simplex whose vertices are p + 1 independent observations from F, is introduced. D(x) can be viewed as a measure of depth of the point x relative to F, and its empirical version gives rise t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu RY

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Escherichia coli, AK I- HDH I and AK II- HDH II are two bifunctional proteins, derived from a common ancestor, that catalyze the first and third reactions of the common pathway leading to threonine and methionine. An extensive amino acid sequence comparison of both molecules reveals two main features on each of the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ferrara P,Duchange N,Zakin MM,Cohen GN

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have constructed and cloned, in bacteria, recombinant plasmids containing DNA complementary to mRNA coding for a pancreatic pre-prosomatostatin, a product of the cell-free translation of pancreatic islet mRNAs shown previously by immunoprecipitation to be a precursor of somatostatin. A clone containing a nearly ful...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goodman RH,Jacobs JW,Chin WW,Lund PK,Dee PC,Habener JF

更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two clusters of configurations of the main proteolytic subunit β5 were identified by principal component analysis of crystal structures of the yeast proteasome core particle (yCP). The apo-cluster encompasses unliganded species and complexes with nonpeptidic ligands, and the pep-cluster comprises complexes with peptid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arciniega M,Beck P,Lange OF,Groll M,Huber R

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Germ cells are required for the successful propagation of sexually reproducing species. Understanding the mechanisms by which these cells are specified and how their totipotency is established and maintained has important biomedical and evolutionary implications. Freshwater planarians serve as fascinating models for s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Y,Zayas RM,Guo T,Newmark PA

更新日期：2007-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Many nearshore fish and invertebrate populations are overexploited even when apparently coherent management structures are in place. One potential cause of mismanagement may be a poor understanding and accounting of stochasticity, particularly for stock recruitment. Many of the fishes and invertebrates that comprise n...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Siegel DA,Mitarai S,Costello CJ,Gaines SD,Kendall BE,Warner RR,Winters KB

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Euarthropoda is one of the best-preserved fossil animal groups and has been the most diverse animal phylum for over 500 million years. Fossil Konservat-Lagerstätten, such as Burgess Shale-type deposits (BSTs), show the evolution of the euarthropod stem lineage during the Cambrian from 518 million years ago (Ma). The s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Daley AC,Antcliffe JB,Drage HB,Pates S

更新日期：2018-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The phosphoprotein (NS) of vesicular stomatitis virus is an indispensable subunit of the virion-associated RNA polymerase (L). NS consists of a highly acidic NH2-terminal domain and a basic COOH-terminal domain. Unlike the latter, the amino acid sequences of the NH2-terminal regions are highly dissimilar among differe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chattopadhyay D,Banerjee AK

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccination is the most effective medical intervention ever introduced and, together with clean water and sanitation, it has eliminated a large part of the infectious diseases that once killed millions of people. A recent study concluded that since 1924 in the United States alone, vaccines have prevented 40 million ca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rappuoli R,Pizza M,Del Giudice G,De Gregorio E

更新日期：2014-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well known that two regular tetrahedra can be combined with a single regular octahedron to tile (complete fill) three-dimensional Euclidean space . This structure was called the "octet truss" by Buckminster Fuller. It was believed that such a tiling, which is the Delaunay tessellation of the face-centered cubic ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Conway JH,Jiao Y,Torquato S

更新日期：2011-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Aqueous gel sieving chromatography on Sephadex G-10 of the Group IA cations (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+) plus NH4+ as the Cl- salts, in combination with previous results for the halide anions (F-, Cl-, Br-, I-) as the Na+ salts [Washabaugh, M.W. & Collins, K.D. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 12477-12485], leads to the followi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Collins KD

更新日期：1995-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Incommensurate charge order in hole-doped oxides is intertwined with exotic phenomena such as colossal magnetoresistance, high-temperature superconductivity, and electronic nematicity. Here, we map, at atomic resolution, the nature of incommensurate charge-lattice order in a manganite using scanning transmission elect...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： El Baggari I,Savitzky BH,Admasu AS,Kim J,Cheong SW,Hovden R,Kourkoutis LF

更新日期：2018-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Bipedalism is a defining trait of the hominin lineage, associated with a transition from a more arboreal to a more terrestrial environment. While there is debate about when modern human-like bipedalism first appeared in hominins, all known South African hominins show morphological adaptations to bipedalism, suggesting...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Georgiou L,Dunmore CJ,Bardo A,Buck LT,Hublin JJ,Pahr DH,Stratford D,Synek A,Kivell TL,Skinner MM

更新日期：2020-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a conserved meiotic structure that regulates the repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) into crossovers or gene conversions. The removal of any central-region SC component, such as the Drosophila melanogaster transverse filament protein C(3)G, causes a complete loss of SC structure and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Billmyre KK,Cahoon CK,Heenan GM,Wesley ER,Yu Z,Unruh JR,Takeo S,Hawley RS

更新日期：2019-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated and determined the sequence of a genomic clone containing the gene for a human class I transplantation antigen. The gene contains seven exons. The first five exons code respectively for a signal peptide, for the first, second, and third extracellular domains of the protein molecule, and for the transm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malissen M,Malissen B,Jordan BR

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate calculations of force generated and of ATP flux, in steady isotonic contractions, are made on a simple, two-state muscle model of the sliding filament type. The objective is to illustrate the proper formulation and use of a complete and self-consistent molecular model of muscle. Otherwise, the model is not me...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen YD,Hill TL

更新日期：1974-05-01 00:00:00