Genome scan for teratogen-induced clefting susceptibility loci in the mouse: evidence of both allelic and locus heterogeneity distinguishing cleft lip and cleft palate.

abstract：:Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) signaling is essential for normal embryonic development in many organisms, including frog, mouse, zebrafish, and sea urchin. The mode of action of PDGFR signaling during early development is poorly understood, however, mostly because inhibition of signaling through eithe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Van Stry M,Kazlauskas A,Schreiber SL,Symes K

更新日期：2005-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Vibrio cholerae O1 exists as two major serotypes, Inaba and Ogawa, which are associated with the O antigen of the lipopolysaccharide and are capable of unequal reciprocal interconversion. The 20-kilobase rfb regions encoding O-antigen biosynthesis in strains 569B (Inaba) and O17 (Ogawa) have been cloned in Escherichia...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stroeher UH,Karageorgos LE,Morona R,Manning PA

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:FtsEX is a bacterial ABC transporter that regulates the activity of periplasmic peptidoglycan amidases via its interaction with the murein hydrolase activator, EnvC. In Escherichia coli, FtsEX is required to separate daughter cells after cell division and for viability in low-osmolarity media. Both the ATPase activity...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cook J,Baverstock TC,McAndrew MBL,Stansfeld PJ,Roper DI,Crow A

更新日期：2020-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Both stem cells and mast cells express c-kit and proliferate after exposure to c-kit ligand. Mutations in c-kit may enhance or interfere with the ability of c-kit receptor to initiate the intracellular pathways resulting in cell proliferation. These observations suggested to us that mastocytosis might in some patients...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nagata H,Worobec AS,Oh CK,Chowdhury BA,Tannenbaum S,Suzuki Y,Metcalfe DD

更新日期：1995-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Children with reading impairments have deficits in phonological awareness, phonemic categorization, speech-in-noise perception, and psychophysical tasks such as frequency and temporal discrimination. Many of these children also exhibit abnormal encoding of speech stimuli in the auditory brainstem, even though response...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hornickel J,Skoe E,Nicol T,Zecker S,Kraus N

更新日期：2009-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The complement system is highly efficient in targeting pathogens, but lack of its apposite regulation results in host-cell damage, which is linked to diseases. Thus, complement activation is tightly regulated by a series of proteins, which primarily belong to the regulators of complement activation (RCA) family. Struc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Panwar HS,Ojha H,Ghosh P,Barage SH,Raut S,Sahu A

更新日期：2019-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:T cells are activated physiologically by triggering the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. There is evidence that invariant accessory molecules on the T-cell membrane (CD8 and CD4) are involved in the major histocompatibility complex-restricted recognition process. Moreover, binding and crosslinking of these accessory molec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Samstag Y,Emmrich F,Staehelin T

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The default mode network (DMN) has been suggested to support a variety of self-referential functions in humans and has been fractionated into subsystems based on distinct responses to cognitive tasks and functional connectivity architecture. Such subsystems are thought to reflect functional hierarchy and segregation w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hsu LM,Liang X,Gu H,Brynildsen JK,Stark JA,Ash JA,Lin CP,Lu H,Rapp PR,Stein EA,Yang Y

更新日期：2016-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a method based on a phagemid vector with helper phage rescue for the construction and rapid analysis of combinatorial antibody Fab libraries. This approach should allow the generation and selection of many monoclonal antibodies. Antibody genes are expressed in concert with phage morphogenesis, thereby allo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kang AS,Barbas CF,Janda KD,Benkovic SJ,Lerner RA

更新日期：1991-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurogenesis has recently been observed in the adult human brain, suggesting the possibility of endogenous neural repair. However, the augmentation of neurogenesis in the adult human brain in response to neuronal cell loss has not been demonstrated. This study was undertaken to investigate whether neurogenesis occurs ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Curtis MA,Penney EB,Pearson AG,van Roon-Mom WM,Butterworth NJ,Dragunow M,Connor B,Faull RL

更新日期：2003-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The binding of transcription factors (TFs) to DNA controls most aspects of cellular function, making the understanding of their binding kinetics imperative. The standard description of bimolecular interactions posits that TF off rates are independent of TF concentration in solution. However, recent observations have r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kamar RI,Banigan EJ,Erbas A,Giuntoli RD,Olvera de la Cruz M,Johnson RC,Marko JF

更新日期：2017-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:X-linked hypophosphatemia is the most prevalent inherited form of rickets. In this disorder, rickets results from hyperphosphaturia and inappropriately normal levels of 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D. Current therapy with oral phosphate and vitamin D improves the rickets, but has significant morbidity and does not significantly ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baum M,Loleh S,Saini N,Seikaly M,Dwarakanath V,Quigley R

更新日期：2003-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Inadequate target exposure is a major cause of high attrition in drug discovery. Here, we show that a label-free method for quantifying the intracellular bioavailability (Fic) of drug molecules predicts drug access to intracellular targets and hence, pharmacological effect. We determined Fic in multiple cellular assay...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mateus A,Gordon LJ,Wayne GJ,Almqvist H,Axelsson H,Seashore-Ludlow B,Treyer A,Matsson P,Lundbäck T,West A,Hann MM,Artursson P

更新日期：2017-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The functional consequences of interrupting in utero binocular interactions were studied by recording from single cells in area 17 of adult cats that had one eye removed at least 2 wk before birth. In these animals all cortical neurons could be driven by the remaining eye, and in tangential microelectrode penetrations...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shook BL,Maffei L,Chalupa LM

更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We show that bromoacetaldehyde, which reacts selectively at the N-1 and N-6 positions of unpaired adenine and at the N-3 and N-4 positions of unpaired cytosine residues reacts with chromosomal DNA in intact cells at probable regulatory sequences near active genes. A region of about 200 base pairs 5' to the chicken bet...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kohwi-Shigematsu T,Gelinas R,Weintraub H

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A joint analysis of all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) calculations and picosecond time-resolved x-ray structures was performed to gain single-molecule insights into mechanisms of protein function. Ensemble-averaged MD simulations of the L29F mutant of myoglobin after ligand dissociation reproduce the direction, amplitu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hummer G,Schotte F,Anfinrud PA

更新日期：2004-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-five years ago this month, Thomas Gold published a seminal manuscript suggesting the presence of a "deep, hot biosphere" in the Earth's crust. Since this publication, a considerable amount of attention has been given to the study of deep biospheres, their role in geochemical cycles, and their potential to infor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Colman DR,Poudel S,Stamps BW,Boyd ES,Spear JR

更新日期：2017-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:A "supercooled" liquid develops when a fluid does not crystallize upon cooling below its ordering temperature. Instead, the microscopic relaxation times diverge so rapidly that, upon further cooling, equilibration eventually becomes impossible and glass formation occurs. Classic supercooled liquids exhibit specific id...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kassner ER,Eyvazov AB,Pichler B,Munsie TJ,Dabkowska HA,Luke GM,Davis JC

更新日期：2015-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The quorum sensing signal autoinducer-2 (AI-2) regulates important bacterial behaviors, including biofilm formation and the production of virulence factors. Some bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, can quench the AI-2 signal produced by a variety of species present in the environment, and thus can influence AI-2-depen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marques JC,Oh IK,Ly DC,Lamosa P,Ventura MR,Miller ST,Xavier KB

更新日期：2014-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies on proteins whose N and C termini are in close proximity have demonstrated that folding of polypeptide chains and assembly of oligomers can be accomplished with circularly permuted chains. As yet no methodical study has been conducted to determine how extensively new termini can be introduced and where ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Graf R,Schachman HK

更新日期：1996-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The probability of choosing an alternative in a long sequence of repeated choices is proportional to the total reward derived from that alternative, a phenomenon known as Herrnstein's matching law. This behavior is remarkably conserved across species and experimental conditions, but its underlying neural mechanisms st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Loewenstein Y,Seung HS

更新日期：2006-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence suggests that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) signaling in vascular cells can have antiatherogenic consequences, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. TNFalpha is released by free cholesterol-loaded apoptotic macrophages, and the clearance of these cells by phagocytic macrophages may help to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gerbod-Giannone MC,Li Y,Holleboom A,Han S,Hsu LC,Tabas I,Tall AR

更新日期：2006-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Remarkable progress has come from whole-brain models linking anatomy and function. Paradoxically, it is not clear how a neuronal dynamical system running in the fixed human anatomical connectome can give rise to the rich changes in the functional repertoire associated with human brain function, which is impossible to ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kringelbach ML,Cruzat J,Cabral J,Knudsen GM,Carhart-Harris R,Whybrow PC,Logothetis NK,Deco G

更新日期：2020-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:T cells must respond differently to antigens of varying affinity presented at different doses. Previous attempts to map peptide MHC (pMHC) affinity onto T-cell responses have produced inconsistent patterns of responses, preventing formulations of canonical models of T-cell signaling. Here, a systematic analysis of T-c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lever M,Lim HS,Kruger P,Nguyen J,Trendel N,Abu-Shah E,Maini PK,van der Merwe PA,Dushek O

更新日期：2016-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromosome rearrangements, such as large deletions, inversions, or translocations, mediate migration of large DNA segments within or between chromosomes, which can have major effects on cellular genetic control. A method for chromosome manipulation would be very useful for studying the consequences of large-scale DNA ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Van Deursen J,Fornerod M,Van Rees B,Grosveld G

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whether electromagnetic precursors to earthquakes (EQs) exist is an important question not only for EQ prediction but also for understanding the physical processes of EQ generation. Slow transient geoelectric potential changes have been observed before several recent EQs in Japan. In most cases, they appeared 1-19 day...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Uyeda S,Nagao T,Orihara Y,Yamaguchi T,Takahashi I

更新日期：2000-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:To test the hypothesis that the nonrandom organization of the contents of interphase nuclei represents a compartmentalization of function, we examined the relative, spatial relationship of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) and of DNase I hypersensitive chromatin (DHC) in rat pheochromocytoma cells. In controls...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Park PC,De Boni U

更新日期：1996-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In the developing cerebellum, switching of the subunit composition of NMDA receptors occurs in granule cells from NR2B-containing receptors to NR2C-containing ones. We investigated the mechanisms underlying switching of NR2B and NR2C subunit composition in primary cultures of mouse granule cells at the physiological K...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Iijima K,Abe H,Okazawa M,Moriyoshi K,Nakanishi S

更新日期：2008-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Some strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum produce rhizobitoxine, a phytotoxin that causes foliar chlorosis on susceptible host plants. We have previously obtained Tn5-induced rhizobitoxine null mutants of B. japonicum. DNA sequence analysis of the region surrounding two Tn5 insertions identifies two overlapping open re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ruan X,Zhang C,Peters NK

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid North Atlantic cooling events during the last deglaciation caused atmospheric reorganizations on global and regional scales. Their impact on Asian climate has been investigated for monsoonal domains, but remains largely unknown in westerly wind-dominated semiarid regions. Here we generate a dust record from sout...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Safaierad R,Mohtadi M,Zolitschka B,Yokoyama Y,Vogt C,Schefuß E

更新日期：2020-08-04 00:00:00