Abstract：
:Testing human hair for drugs of abuse is a relatively new technique which requires control before being fully accepted in justice applications. Laboratories must be able to demonstrate that they can accurately determine what drugs are present in unknown hair samples and at what levels. To date few exercises have been organized in USA, Germany and France, all devoted to opiates, cocaine and cannabis. However, the number of drugs which can be detected in hair is growing every day. Among them, amphetamine and related compounds, such as MDMA, are of major interest due to increasing abuse. At the initial state of this work, four different preparation procedures were used to test amphetamine, MDA and MDMA. Direct methanol extraction, acid (HCl 0.1 N), alkaline (NaOH 1 N) and enzymatic (beta-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase) hydrolyses were compared. Best recoveries were observed after alkaline hydrolysis. The same hair sample was powdered and sent to 16 laboratories, in USA (4), Germany (6), France (3), Spain (1), Japan (1) and Korea (1) to test amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDA and MDMA. All laboratories returned results within 3 months. Amphetamine tested positive 13 times with concentrations ranging from 3.3 to 17.5 ng/mg. Only 2 laboratories identified methamphetamine, using GC/MS, at low concentration (0.8 and 1.8 ng/mg), which appears to be a false positive. MDA and MDMA both tested positive in 14 cases, with concentrations ranging from 1.8 to 19.5, and 8.9 to 100.0 ng/mg for MDA and MDMA, respectively. These scattered results clearly indicated that new exercises are needed to ensure quality in hair testing. This is one of the major aims of the Society of Hair Testing.
journal_name
Forensic Sci Intjournal_title
Forensic science internationalauthors
Kintz P,Cirimele Vdoi
10.1016/s0379-0738(96)02058-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-01-17 00:00:00pages
151-6issue
1-3eissn
0379-0738issn
1872-6283pii
S0379-0738(96)02058-0journal_volume
84pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Traditionally, sperms are isolated from vaginal cell mixtures by preferential extraction methods. Although these methods work well when there is a reasonable amount of DNA present, they are problematic when there are limited amounts (ca. 250 pg). In particular, the analysis of sperm from microscope slides has proven d...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(03)00267-6
更新日期：2003-10-14 00:00:00
abstract：:In rabbits, intracerebrally applied erythrocytes can move with the cerebrospinal fluid along connecting pathways between the subarachnoid space and the cervical lymph nodes. This study compares the time dependency for the degradation of intracerebrally injected erythrocytes in the brain as well as in the cervical lymp...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(83)90089-0
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Based on the analysis of shrunken heads referred to our forensic laboratory for anthropological expertise, and data from both anthropological and medical literature, we propose a complete forensic procedure for the analysis of such pieces. A list of 14 original morphological criteria has been developed, based on the g...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.06.009
更新日期：2012-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone marrow may be utilized as an alternative biological sample in cases where uncontaminated blood samples are not available for analyses. Bone marrow/blood ratios of ethchlorvynol as a function of time and dosage level were determined in 40 rabbits. A modified quantitative analysis that produced accurate and reprodu...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(81)90167-5
更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Whole exome sequencing (WES) and bioinformatics analysis were used to investigate potential disease-causing gene mutations in a sudden unexplained death syndrome (SUDS) case after autopsy and pathology tests failed to suggest an obvious disease mechanism. Following whole exome sequencing, a 3-step bioinformatics filte...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.08.022
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium oxybate (Xyrem®), the sodium salt of γ- hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), is a first-line treatment of the symptoms induced by type 1 narcolepsy (NT1) and it is highly effective in improving sleep architecture, decreasing excessive daytime sleepiness and the frequency of cataplexy attacks. Using an ultra-high-performa...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.01.015
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 76-year-old male with a previous history of heart arrhythmia and decompensation was treated for a complicated thoraco-abdominal trauma. Accidentally, a pleural drain was inserted in his heart through the ventricular septum, perforating the left ventricle, the drain tip being buried in its posterior wall. This injury...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(81)90186-9
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Venlafaxine is an extensively used antidepressant drug; it is considered to be quite safe and only a few pure cases of fatal poisoning have been reported. Here we describe a fatal case of venlafaxine self-poisoning including detailed tissue distribution of the drug and its metabolite O-desmethylvenlafaxine and the exa...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.07.011
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spreading of bloodstains on matt, vinyl silk and gloss painted surfaces, following both perpendicular and non-perpendicular impact, has been studied with a view to understanding whether surface-specific properties affect the size and shape of the final stain. In all cases the dimensions of the stains on the roughe...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.03.044
更新日期：2013-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have indicated that metal particles remain on bone after sharp force injury or gunshot and that their detection by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS) could greatly help in tool identification. However, the presence of metal particles on bone surfaces in th...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.08.007
更新日期：2012-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial genotyping can be used for crime scene investigations and contribute to the attribution of biological attacks for microbial forensics. PyroMark ID Pyrosequencer as an accurate detection platform for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has been applied to identify and resolve microorganisms involved in clo...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.11.004
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Finnish guidelines for workplace drug testing outlined here represent what is considered the best practice for workplace drug testing to be followed in Finland. The guidelines are based on the act on the protection of privacy in working life (759/2004), the occupational health care act (1383/2001) and the decree o...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 指南,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.03.006
更新日期：2008-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Myxoid heart disease (MHD), more commonly known as mitral valve prolapse, is a very common cardiac abnormality affecting 5-10% of the general population. This article reviews the history, symptoms, physical findings, pathology, associated conditions and complications of this entity. Special emphasis is given to sudden...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(89)90177-1
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allele and genotype frequencies of the three tetrameric short tandem repeat (STR) 1 Oci D351744 D1251090 and D185849 were analyzed in a German sample population using a multiplex PCR and electrophoresis of amplified products in denaturing gels followed by silver staining. Testing for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium showed ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(97)00179-5
更新日期：1998-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Postmortem radiographic examinations of animals are often performed in judicial investigation to rule out gunshot and fractures due to cruelty. Literature describing postmortem changes seen on radiographs of animals is rarely available. Serial thoracic radiography of six recently euthanized dogs was performed in an in...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.03.031
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fingerprint detection and Short Tandem Repeat (STR) typing are two approaches used for identification of individuals. The main goal of forensic laboratories is the development of a standardized protocol to obtain an STR profile from latent fingerprints, by typing the DNA transferred onto touched objects. The results o...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109905
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this research, the allelic distribution of 15 tetrameric short tandem repeats (STR) loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, FGA) were obtained from 167 Mulao and 108 Maonan unrelated individuals. The Genepop v3.4 and the PowerStats v1.2 we...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.06.023
更新日期：2006-10-16 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe an experiment to investigate the potential effectiveness of an international DNA database for linking unsolved crimes using the data from a collaborative exercise among members of the European DNA Profiling Group. We show that effective retrieval of unknown samples will be feasible even from large database...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(92)90131-f
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To validate a method for determining equivalent drug cutoff concentrations for tetrahydrocannabinol and amphetamine in blood and oral fluid, which ensures that the drug prevalence in samples of blood and oral fluid taken simultaneously is equal. METHODS:A method using regression analysis of drug concentrations for...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.06.024
更新日期：2011-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Catecholamine (CA) levels in rat adrenals increase significantly over the first day post-mortem, but then decrease. This suggests that adrenal CA synthesis is active after death and stress the possibility that tissue levels of CAs may increase post-mortem. This has to be considered when evaluating post-mortem tissue C...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00451-6
更新日期：2003-03-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Forensic genetic genealogy, a technique leveraging new DNA capabilities and public genetic databases to identify suspects, raises specific considerations in a law enforcement context. Use of this technique requires consideration of its scientific and technical limitations, including the composition of current online d...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110543
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Weapons related webpages from nine cryptomarkets were manually duplicated in February 2016. Information about the listings (i.e. sales proposals) and vendors' profiles were extracted to draw an overview of the actual online trafficking of weapons. Relationships between vendors were also inferred through the analysis o...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.12.008
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The timely identification of vehicles involved in an accident, such as a hit-and-run situation, bears great importance in forensics. To this end, procedures have been defined for analyzing car paint samples that combine techniques such as visual analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. This work proposes ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.12.040
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Capillary electrophoresis, the modern approach to instrumental electrophoresis, is probably the most rapidly expanding analytical technique that has appeared in recent years. In the hands of forensic toxicologists, capillary electrophoresis (CE) represents a powerful new analytical tool, which has proved suitable for ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(94)01612-9
更新日期：1995-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The fingerprints are very typical for a human being. The present study was undertaken to study the gender differences in fingerprint ridge density in Chinese and Malaysian population. The study done on 200 subjects (100 males and 100 females) of Chinese origin and 100 subjects (50 males and 50 females) of Malaysian or...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.055
更新日期：2010-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Diastereomeric dipeptides were derived from the amino acid enantiomers in dentin by O-phthalaldehyde-N-acetyl-L-cysteine. The products were separated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and detected by fluorescence detector. A short analysis time (total analysis time was 15 min, including retention tim...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(95)01709-7
更新日期：1995-05-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Facial soft tissue thickness measurement can be useful among several medico-legal techniques that aim to establish the identity of skeletal remains. This study examined the soft tissue thickness that covered the faces of autopsied cadavers sent to the Medico-Legal Institute of Guarulhos from September 2010 to Septembe...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.05.024
更新日期：2013-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:On Sunday 28 April 1996 a lone gunman killed and injured many people at the historic penal settlement ruins at Port Arthur in South Eastern Tasmania, Australia. Thirty-two victims were shot dead and 19 were injured in a short time inside a cafe and along the roadway leading to the site entrance. The gunman then took o...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00372-9
更新日期：2002-12-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP-analysis) was carried out on blood samples from 616 unrelated Danish Caucasians. DNA was restricted with Hinf I and analyzed with the single locus variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) probes MS1, MS31, MS43a and YNH24. The effect of the sample size on the estima...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(94)90275-5
更新日期：1994-05-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Death in the "microwave oven" has nothing to do with microwaves energy. It is the jargon name given to a criminal form of execution by carbonization that has been adopted by drug dealers in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The goal is to torture and intimidate victims, in an attempt of corpse occultation and to make identific...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.05.012
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
