Abstract:
:Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is the major product of the calcitonin gene in brain and exerts a number of actions in the central nervous system (CNS). In particular the finding that CGRP affects dopamine (DA) release and metabolism has raised the possibility that it may play a role in several neuropsychiatric disorders. Consequently, we have here studied the effects of two psychotomimetic drugs, namely, d-amphetamine (AMPH) and phencyclidine (PCP), on CGRP concentrations in brain microdialysates from freely moving rats. The animals were stereotaxically implanted with vertical concentric probes in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), the ventral striatum (vSTR), or the hippocampus; and the experiments were performed 48 hr after surgery. The dialysis probes were perfused with a modified Ringer's solution at the rate of 5 microliters/min. AMPH 1.5 mg/kg, PCP 2.5 mg/kg, or NaCl 0.9% were injected s.c.; and the perfusates were collected at 60 min intervals before and after the injections and used for CGRP-like immunoreactivity (-LI) determination by radioimmunoassay (RIA). In separate experiment, KCl (100 mM), veratridine (50 microM), or tetrodotoxin (2 microM), were added to the perfusate and infused in the vSTR. Baseline levels of CGRP-LI were detected in dialysates from all three regions. Both AMPH and PCP caused a significant and sustained increase (maximum about 300%) in CGRP-LI concentrations, in particular from the mPFC and vSTR, while saline had no effect. KCl and veratridine also increased CGRP-LI in dialysates during the first posttreatment period, while tetrodotoxin induced a significant but delayed decrease in CGRP-LI levels. Finally, cervical dislocation also elevated CGRP-LI in dialysates from the mPFC and the vSTR. Our findings demonstrate that 1) CGRP-LI can be measured in vivo in microdialysates from mPFC, vSTR, and hippocampus; 2) the release in vSTR is action potential-dependent; and 3) systemic administration of AMPH or PCP results in a long-lasting release of CGRP-LI in the mPFC and vSTR, thus demonstrating a novel action of these drugs in the brain. Since other studies have shown that major antipsychotic drugs appear to reduce CGRP release in brain, our study provides, in principle, support for a role of CGRP in psychotic disorders.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Mathé AA,Hertel P,Nomikos GG,Gruber S,Mathé JM,Svensson THdoi
10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19961101)46:3<316::AID-JNRsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-11-01 00:00:00pages
316-23issue
3eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547pii
10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19961101)46:3<316::AID-JNRjournal_volume
46pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Astrogliosis and microglial reactions are correlated with the formation of scar tissue and synapse loss. 4-hydroxy-tempo (TEMPOL) is a reactive oxygen species scavenger with proven neuroprotective efficacy in experimental models of traumatic injury and cerebral ischemia. TEMPOL has not, however, been applied following...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24365
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abstract::Previous studies have suggested that sensory mechanisms may be important components of addiction to, and withdrawal from, cigarette smoking. The sensory and respiratory responses to nicotine are mediated, in part, by bronchopulmonary C-fiber afferents. Nicotine has a direct stimulatory effect on pulmonary sensory neur...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21967
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abstract::Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is a membrane-bound enzyme activity that degrades neuromodulatory fatty acid amides, including oleamide and anandamide. A single 2.5-kb FAAH mRNA is distributed throughout the rat CNS and accumulates progressively between embryonic day 14 and postnatal day 10, remains high until postn...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::To promote neurite elongation, nerve growth cones must adhere to other surfaces. A complex of integral membrane glycoproteins mediates cell binding to the extracellular glycoproteins fibronectin and laminin (Horwitz et al., J Cell Biol 101:2134-2144, 1985). The receptor complex, named integrin, binds to fibronectin by...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490210221
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abstract::Abdominal muscle electromyograms were monitored in response to graded mechanical loads added to either inspiration or expiration in anesthetized cats. The surgical preparation, the apparatus, and the levels of loads applied (resistive, tracheal occlusion, and continuous positive pressure) were matched with those emplo...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490130413
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abstract::The inflammatory response initiated after spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by the accumulation of macrophages at the impact site. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a strong candidate for mediating chemotaxis of monocytes to the injured nervous system. To help in defining the role of MCP-1 in infla...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
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doi:10.1002/jnr.10269
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abstract::Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons connect the spinal cord and uterine cervix, and are activated at parturition with subsequent stimulation of secondary neurons in the spinal dorsal horn and autonomic areas. Neuropeptide neurotransmitters and receptors have been studied in these areas, but amino acid transmitters, e.g....
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
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doi:10.1002/jnr.21225
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abstract::Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a disorder of sensation with a prevalence of around 2-5% of the population. Relevant to understanding the possible pathophysiological mechanism is the fact that RLS is extremely responsive to dopaminergic agents. A second issue is that iron deficiency states may precipitate RLS in as mu...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/1097-4547(20001201)62:5<623::AID-JNR1>3.0.
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between brain myelination and nutritional insufficiency in suckling rats whose dams had a restricted dietary intake was studied. The undernourished pups were characterized by body weight and brain weight that were 40-70% and 82-88% that of controls throughout the suckling period. Myelin concentrations...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
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doi:10.1002/jnr.490190311
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
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doi:10.1002/jnr.490360512
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ex vivo gene therapy is emerging as a promising approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and central nervous system (CNS) trauma. We have shown previously that human adult astrocytes can be expanded in vitro and can express various therapeutic transgenes (Ridet et al. [1999] Hum. Gene Ther. 10:271-280;...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10617
更新日期:2003-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::A link between aluminum (Al) exposure and age-related neurological disorders has long been proposed. Although the exact mechanism by which the metal may influence disease processes is unknown, there is evidence that exposure to Al causes an increase in both oxidative stress and inflammatory events. These processes hav...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10877
更新日期:2004-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms by which polyglutamine expansion causes common features of neuronal death remain unclear. Here we describe an approach for delivering polyglutamine expansions directly into cultured sympathetic neurons. Glutamine (Q) residues (n = 10, 22, 30) were conjugated with a peptide possessing translocation prope...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20461
更新日期:2005-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamine synthetase (GS) activity was used as a marker to examine differences in astrocyte development in mice selectively bred for ethanol sensitivity: long sleep (LS), short sleep (SS), mild ethanol withdrawal (MEW), severe ethanol withdrawal (SEW) and control ethanol withdrawal (CEW). We found that 1) GS activity ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490240308
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In eukaryotes, mitochondria are critical for cellular bioenergetics and mediating apoptosis. The transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC-1alpha) is an important regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. However, the role of PGC-1alpha in neuronal a...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22354
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rewarding effect of opiates is mediated through dissociable neural systems in drug naïve and drug-dependent states. Neuroadaptations associated with chronic drug use are similar to those produced by chronic pain, suggesting that opiate reward could also involve distinct mechanisms in chronic pain and pain-naïve st...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24553
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abstract::The normal innervation of structures in mouse foot pads was investigated with immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Nerves were visualized by incubating Zamboni fixed, thick, frozen sections with antibodies to protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, calcitonin gene-relat...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490410113
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity levels of pyruvate dehydrogenase, enzymes of the citric acid cycle, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, and NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase were determined in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, brain stem, corpus striatum, hippocampus, and midbrain regions of normal rats and rats injected with acute and...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490140407
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mouse monoclonal antibody (5B9), directed against a carbohydrate epitope of human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), recognized an 81-kDalton glycoprotein in buffer-soluble and detergent-solubilized rat brain extracts (BE). The glycoprotein was more abundant in extracts prepared from injured brain than in thos...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490400609
更新日期:1995-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Oligodendrocytes (OLs) show heterogeneous properties that depend on their location in the central nervous system (CNS). In this regard, the investigation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) should be reconsidered, particularly in cases of brain-predominant disord...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
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journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
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doi:10.1002/jnr.10826
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contrary to widely held beliefs, the gene encoding proteolipid protein (PLP), the major structural protein of central nervous system myelin, is expressed in Schwann cells and their tumors. Proteolipid mRNA was identified in human acoustic neuromas and in rat and rabbit sciatic nerves using a human PLP cDNA as a probe....
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a key role in controlling innate immune responses to a wide variety of pathogen-associated molecules as well as endogenous signals. In addition, TLR expression within nonimmune cells has been recognized as as modulator of cell behavior. In this study we have addressed the question of wh...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
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doi:10.1002/jnr.22767
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although proteins belonging to the sHSP superfamily are diverse in sequence and size, most share characteristic features, including 1) a small molecular mass of 12-43 kDa, 2) a conserved alpha-crystallin domain of 80-100 residues, 3) formation of large oligomers, 4) a dynamic quaternary structure, and 5) induction by ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::PC12 cells can differentiate into neuron-like cells after treatment with either nerve growth factor (NGF) or transduction with a retrovirus which expresses the K-ras oncogene. The concomitant treatment of NGF plus ras differentiates PC12 cells further than either agent alone with respect to neurite outgrowth, acetylch...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490420306
更新日期:1995-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of chromaffin cells with nitric oxide (NO) donors (SNP and SNAP) and peroxynitrite produces a time- and dose-dependent necrotic and apoptotic cell death. Necrotic cell death was characterized by both an increase in lactate dehydrogenase and ATP release and changes in nuclei and cell morphology (as seen with ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20853
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mannitol, which is a cell-impermeable and nontoxic polyalcohol, has been shown to be a useful tool for reversible opening of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Despite successful clinical trials, the molecular mechanism of the mannitol-induced changes in cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) are poorly understood. For our exp...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20521
更新日期:2005-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Nerve growth factor (NGF) has been purified from the guinea pig prostate using a modification of the Bocchini-Angeletti method for isolating 2.5S NGF from mouse submaxillary glands. As with the mouse preparation, guinea pig prostate NGF appears to migrate as a high molecular weight entity at physiological pH. Followin...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490060403
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebrospinal fluid was collected from the lateral ventricles and cisternal space from beagle dogs under light pentobarbital anesthesia. Homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglyco-sulfate (MOPEG-SO4) levels in the liquor taken from these two regions were evaluated,...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490010513
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the growth of basal plate explants from 40-hr chick embryos containing the trigeminal motor nucleus in the presence of target muscle-conditioned medium (MCM) from day-4, day-10, and day-18 embryos. We had previously found that MCM derived from the 4-day target tissue enhanced neurite outgrowth from...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490190109
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00