Abstract：
:PC12 cells can differentiate into neuron-like cells after treatment with either nerve growth factor (NGF) or transduction with a retrovirus which expresses the K-ras oncogene. The concomitant treatment of NGF plus ras differentiates PC12 cells further than either agent alone with respect to neurite outgrowth, acetylcholinesterase levels, and most strikingly, the number of synaptic vesicle (SV) clusters. These SV clusters in PC12 cell neurites closely resemble those in the presynaptic terminals of neurons. Such SV clusters have not been described in cell lines previously. The SV clusters from all three differentiated groups (NGF, ras, and NGF plus ras) were similar in size, shape, and configuration, except that the ones in the doubly treated group occur in higher frequency and have more vesicles. The synaptic nature of these vesicle clusters was demonstrated by their regulated depletion after potassium stimulation. Furthermore, these vesicle clusters stained positively for two SV-associated proteins, synapsin I and synaptophysin, by EM immunocytochemistry (ICC). Such SV clusters in a cell line are very useful for characterizing the regulated release of SVs and the distribution of SV-related antigens in intact cells. Analysis by SDS-gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting indicated that synapsin I levels are higher in all three differentiated groups compared to untreated cells; whereas synaptophysin levels are lower in cells exposed to NGF alone or with NGF and ras double treatment. Possible convergence and/or divergence on the mechanisms of NGF and ras differentiation in PC12 cells are discussed.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Tao-Cheng JH,Dosemeci A,Bressler JP,Brightman MW,Simpson DLdoi
10.1002/jnr.490420306subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-10-15 00:00:00pages
323-34issue
3eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:After left unilateral cochlear ablation (UCA) in young adult guinea pigs, the appearance of plasticities in auditory pathways suggested altered gene expression and modified phenotypic behaviors of auditory neurons. Because phosphorylated cyclic-AMP response element-binding protein (CREB-P) is a transcription factor th...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20820
更新日期：2006-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Oligodendrocytes generate and maintain myelin, which is essential for axonal function and protection of the mammalian central nervous system. To advance our molecular understanding of differentiation by these cells, we screened libraries of pharmacologically active compounds and identified inducers of differentiation ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.22434
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the effect of induced glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) on motility, cell morphology, and proliferation of two originally GFAP-negative human glioma cell lines. Glioma cell lines U-1242 MG and U-251 MG sp subclone 3A were transfected with a vector system that allows for an inducible GFAP expressio...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(20000415)60:2<245::AID-JNR
更新日期：2000-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The discharge behavior of neurons depends on a variable expression and sorting pattern of voltage-dependent potassium (Kv) channels that changes during development. The rodent retina represents a neuronal network whose main functions develop after birth. To obtain information about neuronal maturation we analyzed the ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.21105
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The expression of many myelin-specific molecules in Schwann cells is profoundly decreased following denervation. This study examines the early reexpression of myelin protein genes associated with reinnervation. Following sciatic nerve crush, the distal, regenerated nerve was divided into appropriate (2.5 or 5 mm) cons...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490270202
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although both cytokines and chemokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of clinical and histological EAE, their interactions in vivo have not yet been clearly established. To address this issue, we evaluated expression of chemokines and receptors in the CNS of wild-type control and cytokine deficient mice at t...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10156
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of treatment with a high dose of nandrolone or testosterone on nerve growth factor (NGF) levels and NGF low-affinity receptor (p75-NGFr) distribution in the brain were analyzed. Nandrolone, subcutaneously injected in rats for several weeks, caused an increase of NGF levels in the hippocampus and septum and...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(19970115)47:2<198::aid-jnr
更新日期：1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the growth of basal plate explants from 40-hr chick embryos containing the trigeminal motor nucleus in the presence of target muscle-conditioned medium (MCM) from day-4, day-10, and day-18 embryos. We had previously found that MCM derived from the 4-day target tissue enhanced neurite outgrowth from...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490190109
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the non-amyloidogenic pathway, the Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein (APP) is cleaved within the amyloid-beta domain by alpha-secretase precluding deposition of intact amyloid-beta peptide. The large ectodomain released from the cell surface by the action of alpha-secretase has several neuroprotective propertie...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.10737
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microglia activated by neural injuries produce proinflammatory mediators, but activated microglia also appear in developing neural tissue to phagocytose cell debris resulting from programmed cell death without inducing tissue damage. Thus, factors associated with the developing CNS may modulate microglial activities. ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20586
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To promote neurite elongation, nerve growth cones must adhere to other surfaces. A complex of integral membrane glycoproteins mediates cell binding to the extracellular glycoproteins fibronectin and laminin (Horwitz et al., J Cell Biol 101:2134-2144, 1985). The receptor complex, named integrin, binds to fibronectin by...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490210221
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accumulating evidence points to roles for oxidative stress, amyloid beta (Aβ), and mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In neurons, the base excision repair pathway is the predominant DNA repair (BER) pathway for repairing oxidized base lesions. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23565
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In chronic demyelinating lesions of the central nervous system, insufficient generation of oligodendrocytes (OLs) is not due to a lack of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), because the accumulation of OPCs and premyelinating OLs can be observed within these lesions. Here we sought to identify the basis for the fa...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23153
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have demonstrated that neural stem cell (NSC) culture at physiologically normoxic conditions (2-5% O2) is advantageous in terms of neuronal differentiation and survival. Neuronal differentiation is accompanied by a remarkable shift to mitochondrial oxidative metabolism compared with preferentially glyco...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23615
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of cations on the spontaneous and potassium-stimulated taurine release from mouse cerebral cortex slices were assessed with an emphasis on the as yet unestablished calcium dependence of the stimulated release. Spontaneous and stimulated GABA release was analyzed for comparison. A depolarizing concentration...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490170316
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Astrocytes are excitable neural cells that contribute to brain information processing via bidirectional communication with neurons. This involves the release of gliosignaling molecules that affect synapses patterning and activity. Mechanisms mediating the release of these molecules likely consist of non-vesicular and ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.24051
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two clones encoding human glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were isolated from a human astrocytoma cDNA library. The clones pHGFAP1 and pHGFAP2 were selected by the combined use of differential colony hybridization and hybridization-selection technique with polyclonal anti GFAP antiserum. The longer one, pHGFAP1,...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490200204
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several recently discovered lines of evidence support the involvement of myelin basic protein (BP)-specific T cells in multiple sclerosis (MS). To identify potentially relevant immunodominant T cell epitopes, human BP (Hu-BP)-reactive T cell lines were selected from MS and normal donors and tested for reactivity to cl...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490280215
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we examined the neuroprotective effect of standardized Bacopa monniera extract (BME: BESEB CDRI-08) against the D-galactose (D-gal)-induced brain aging in rats. Experimental groups were subjected to contextual-associative learning task. We found that the administration of BME in the D-gal-treated group ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23080
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have indicated that embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can be a source for the replacement of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), auditory primary neurons, and neurite projections from ESC-derived neurons to auditory sensory epithelia. However, the potential of ESC-derived neurons for synapse formation with audito...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.21754
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Remyelination of the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis patients is often incomplete. Remyelination depends on normal oligodendrogenesis and the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPC) into mature oligodendrocytes (OL). Inhibitor of DNA binding (ID), a transcription factor, is thought to inh...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.22826
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability among young adults and is highly prevalent among recently deployed military personnel. Survivors of TBI often experience cognitive and emotional deficits, suggesting that long-term effects of injury may disrupt neuronal function in critical brain ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23702
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperglycemia and acidosis are the key factors in diabetic complications. It has been shown that acute or chronic diabetes alters serotonin levels in brain. However, the mechanism of hyperglycemia- or acidosis-induced changes in serotonin levels remains poorly understood. Because Ca2+-dependent protein kinases play a ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20499
更新日期：2005-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously demonstrated that a synthetic retinoic acid receptor agonist, Am80, attenuated intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced neuropathological changes and neurological dysfunction. Because inflammatory events are among the prominent features of ICH pathology that are affected by Am80, this study investigated th...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23379
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and excitotoxicity are frequently considered distinct but common hallmarks of several neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Although neuron degeneration and death are the ultimate consequen...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.21325
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Destruction of the ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei (VMN) in the weanling rat without injury to the median eminence results in a series of somatic, endocrine, and metabolic changes that are characterized by normal food and water intake but decreased linear growth, normal body weight but increased carcass fat and reduc...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490020202
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study examined the effects of high-altitude exposure on the pineal gland, the main source of production of melatonin. It was surmised that hypoxia experienced at high altitude, caused by decreased oxygen tension in the ambient air, might lead to some structural alterations in the pineal gland and, hence, a...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10136
更新日期：2002-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotine has been reported to be neuroprotective in experimental and epidemiological studies. In addition to nicotine, tobacco and cigarette smoke contain cembranoids, which are antagonists of neuronal nicotinic receptors (nAChR). Exposure of hippocampal slices to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) decreases the population s...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20666
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-duration exposure to weightlessness results in bone demineralization, muscle atrophy, cardiovascular deconditioning, altered sensory-motor control, and central nervous system reorganizations. Exercise countermeasures and body loading methods so far employed have failed to prevent these changes. A human mission to...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/1097-4547(20001015)62:2<169::AID-JNR2>3.0.
更新日期：2000-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the role of kainate (KA) receptor activation and desensitization in inducing the increase in the intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in individual cultured rat hippocampal neurons. The rat hippocampal neurons in the cultures were shown to express kainate receptor subunits, KA2 and Glu...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.1164
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
