Abstract：
:Exogenously added gangliosides are known to promote neurite outgrowth in a variety of cell types, including some neuroblastoma cell lines. To study neuritogenesis in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma we serum starved the cells for 24 hr and exposed them to gangliosides (GM1, GM3, or GT1b), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin, nerve growth factor (NGF), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), or combinations of these for 3 days. We measured four parameters of neurite outgrowth using image analysis. PDGF induced neurite outgrowth in SH-SY5Y and GM1 inhibited this. Both phenomena were dose-dependent with neurites/cell and neurite length being below controls with 100 microM GM1, and percent of neurite-bearing cells being below controls with 25, 50, and 100 microM GM1. Similar but more inhibitory results were obtained with GM3 and GT1b. Insulin and IGF-I induced a neuritogenic response that was less potent than that of PDGF and was also inhibited by gangliosides. NGF had no effect on neurite outgrowth but gangliosides were still inhibitory even in cells not treated with growth factors. From this we conclude that gangliosides inhibit spontaneous and trophic factor-induced neurite outgrowth in SH-SY5Y cells. For GM1 and GT1b, but not GM3, this probably involves inhibition of trophic factor receptor function.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Hynds DL,Burry RW,Yates AJdoi
10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(19970315)47:6<617::aid-jnrsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-03-15 00:00:00pages
617-25issue
6eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547pii
10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19970315)47:6<617::AID-JNRjournal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Myelin gene expression in normal oligodendrocytes (OLG) depends on developmentally regulated protein kinase C (PKC) enzyme activity (Asotra and Macklin: J Neurosci Res 34:571-588, 1993). We studied the developmental expression of the Ca(++)-dependent PKC-alpha, -beta 1, -beta II and -gamma isozymes, and the Ca(++)-ind...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490390305
更新日期：1994-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Injury to the central nervous system (CNS) either from trauma or due to demyelinating/degenerating diseases results in a typical response of astrocytes, termed astrogliosis. This reaction is characterized by astrocyte proliferation, extensive hypertrophy of nuclei, cell body, and cytoplasmic processes and an increase ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490380403
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microglia are prominently involved in neural degenerative diseases of the CNS and the retina. In this study, we determined the activation and phagocytotic function of different subtypes of retinal microglial cells at 1 week and 1 month following optic axotomy. Fluorescent DiI crystals were placed at the stumps of the ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10713
更新日期：2003-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Heterothermic mammals such as ground squirrels tolerate ischemia and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) better than homeothermic mammals such as rats both in vivo and in vitro, and this tolerance is enhanced in the hibernating state. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying this tolerance remain unclear. NMDA receptors (N...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20893
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that PC12 cells overexpressing beta/A4 amyloid peptide display altered morphology characterized by pronounced membrane ruffling and extensive intercellular appositions. Having observed other cell types in which these features accompany increased connexin43 (Cx43) production and gap junction...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19960415)44:2<124::AID-JNR
更新日期：1996-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in gene expression were examined in the brain of mice treated with a drug of abuse, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, also called Ecstasy). Frontal cortex and midbrain mRNA, analyzed by differential display polymerase chain reaction (DD-PCR) method, showed an altered expression of several cDNAs, 11 of w...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10571
更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:There is growing evidence on the existence of endogenous ouabain-like factors that modulate Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity. In this laboratory, two soluble subfractions (peaks I and II) were previously separated from rat cerebral cortex, which had opposite effects on Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity. Peak I stimulated and peak II...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490280303
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soluble oligomeric aggregates of the amyloid-beta (A beta) peptide are believed to be the most neurotoxic A beta species affecting the brain in Alzheimer disease (AD), a terminal neurodegenerative disorder involving severe cognitive decline underscored by initial synaptic dysfunction and later extensive neuronal death...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.22445
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the function of the dipeptide carnosine in the olfactory system, alterations of carnosine in the primary olfactory nerve after unilateral naris closure or olfactory bulb semilesion were studied by means of immunocytochemistry. After unilateral naris closure, carnosine staining showed no alteration, but ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490340608
更新日期：1993-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies from our laboratory suggest that Alzheimer's disease sera contain a repertoire of antibodies to the heavy neurofilament subunit (NF-H) and that a subpopulation of these antibodies bind specifically to epitopes highly enriched in NF-H isolated from the purely cholinergic electromotor neurons of Torpedo...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490290409
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Muscarinic cholinergic receptors of the M5 subtype are expressed by dopamine-containing neurons of the ventral tegmentum. These M5 receptors modulate the activity of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, which play an important role in mediating reinforcing properties of abused psychostimulants like cocaine. The potential ro...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10728
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 14-3-3 proteins exist predominantly in the brain and may play regulatory roles in cellular processes of growth, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The biological functions, however, of the various 14-3-3 isoforms (beta, epsilon, eta, gamma, and zeta) in the brain remain unclear. We have reported previously ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20323
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used a modified pial vessel disruption (PVD) protocol with adult male Wistar rats to mimic small-vessel stroke in the cerebral cortex. Within 3 weeks, this lesion develops into a single lacuna-like cavity, which is fluid-filled and encapsulated by reactive astrocytes. Minocycline treatment that commences 1 hr after...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23223
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pyruvate carboxylation was studied in cerebellar astrocytes and granule neurons. The cells were incubated in medium containing [U-(13)C]glucose (2.5 mM) and [U-(13)C]lactate (1 mM) and varying amounts of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) plus/minus aspartate. 3-NPA alone clearly stopped tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle acti...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10061
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Factor Xa (FXa) plays a critical role in the coagulation cascade by generation of thrombin. During focal ischemia thrombin levels increase in the brain tissue and cause neural damage. This study examined the hypothesis that administration of the FXa inhibitor, apixaban, following focal ischemic stroke may have therape...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.24253
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Noradrenalin (NA) regulates the expression of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) by magnocellular neurons in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothamalus. Nitric oxide (NO) may be one of the factors involved in the NA signaling pathway regulating AVP and OT expression. To test this possibility, we used a...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.21394
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunocytochemical studies indicated that Purkinje cells cultured from chick embryonic cerebellum (embryonic day 8) strongly express a glutamate transporter EAAT2 cloned from human brain (GLT-1 in rat brain). At both 7 days and 14 days in culture, Purkinje neurons accumulated 1 microM [3H]L-glutamate via a potent "hig...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19981201)54:5<595::AID-JNR
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamine synthetase (GS) activity was used as a marker to examine differences in astrocyte development in mice selectively bred for ethanol sensitivity: long sleep (LS), short sleep (SS), mild ethanol withdrawal (MEW), severe ethanol withdrawal (SEW) and control ethanol withdrawal (CEW). We found that 1) GS activity ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490240308
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the effects of oxygen-derived free radicals on the ultrastructure of brain cortical slices and the release of fatty acids from phospholipids of crude synaptosomes. Xanthine oxidase, hypoxanthine, and ADP-Fe3+, a free-radical-generating system, caused swelling of cellular processes and mitochondria. The oxyg...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490120408
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) is the most common etiology of ischemic stroke with the highest rate of stroke recurrence. Little is currently known of the association of circulating inflammation-regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) with ICAS. In this review, we briefly discuss that ICAS is characterized as a dynamic and...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.24487
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence indicates that the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the endoplasmic retculum (ER) quality-control system work in concert to ensure that proteins are correctly folded in the ER and that misfolded proteins are retrotransported to the cytosol for degradation by proteasomes. Dysfunction of either system results in...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23413
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten days after bilateral injections of ibotenic acid into the nucleus basalis, rats injected daily (i.m.) with ganglioside GM1 were protected from anterograde degeneration of cholinergic projections to the fronto-lateral cortex. This protection was reflected by reduced losses (associated with ibotenic acid lesions) of...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490200411
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous animal studies have linked white matter damage to certain schizophrenia-like behaviors in cuprizone (CPZ)-exposed mouse. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and oligodendrocyte loss coexist in the brain of such mice. The aim of this study was to examine effects of the antioxidant N...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.24189
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transfer of the adenovirus 5 E1A gene into brain cells from rat embryos led to the establishment of phenotypically untransformed clonal glial cell lines. Some lines displayed properties of oligodendrocyte-astrocyte progenitors. Their differentiation involved several steps that were dependent on culture conditions ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490210112
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Perceptually similar stimuli, despite not being consciously distinguishable, may result in distinct cortical brain activations. Hypothesizing that perceptually similar tastes are discriminable by electroencephalography (EEG), we recorded 22 human participants' response to equally intense sweet-tasting stimuli: caloric...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.24281
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postpartum depression (PPD) is a devastating disorder affecting not only more than 10% of all women giving birth, but also the baby, the family, and the society. Compiling evidence suggests the involvement of the immune system in the pathophysiology of major depression; yet, the immune response in perinatal depression...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.24312
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bioassays of factors promoting nerve growth in embryonic ganglia are described. Chick embryo extract evokes fiber outgrowth in both sympathetic and ciliary ganglia explanted into a collagen gel. The response is not suppressed by antibodies directed against mouse nerve growth factor (NGF). Chick embryo extract also sup...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490080206
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In contrast to mammals, teleost fish are able to regrow severed long-range projection axons in the central nervous system (CNS), leading to recovery of function. The optic projection in teleost fish is used to study neuron-intrinsic and environmental molecular factors that determine successful axon regrowth and naviga...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.21121
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies using Aplysia californica have demonstrated that transcription after nerve injury occurs during a rapid, transient first phase and a delayed, prolonged second phase. Although the second phase is especially important for regeneration, the mRNAs produced during this phase have not been identified. We characteriz...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20645
更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of two different potassium channel blockers, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and quinine, on the alpha 2-adrenoceptor mediated modulation of norepinephrine (NE) release was investigated. Pairs of mouse vasa deferentia were loaded with 3H-norepinephrine (3H-NE), superfused continuously, and stimulated electrically. 4...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490200114
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
