Abstract:
:Neisseria gonorrhoeae enters cultured human mucosal cells following binding of a distinct gonococcal opacity (Opa) outer membrane protein to cell surface proteoglycan receptors. We examined the route of internalization that is activated by Opa-expressing gonococci (strain VP1). Microscopy of infected Chang epithelial cells showed that gonococcal uptake was insensitive to monodansylcadaverine (150 microM), which interferes with clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Similarly, indirect immunofluorescence staining for clathrin in infected cells showed distribution of cellular clathrin unaltered from the distribution in noninfected cells. The microtubule inhibitors colchicine (50 microM) and nocodazole (20 microM) but not the microtubule-stabilizing agent taxol (10 microM) caused a moderate (30 to 50%) reduction in gonococcal entry without affecting bacterial adherence. The most dramatic effects were obtained with the microfilament-disrupting agent cytochalasin D (3 microM), which totally blocked bacterial entry into the cells. Double immunofluorescence staining of gonococci and actin filaments in infected cells demonstrated bacterium-associated accumulations of F-actin as an early signal of bacterial entry. The recruitment of F-actin was transient and disappeared once the bacteria were inside the cells. Cytochalasin D disrupted the actin cytoskeleton architecture but did not prevent the recruitment of F-actin by the bacteria. Adherent, noninvasive gonococcal Opa variants lacked the ability to mobilize F-actin. Recombinant Escherichia coli expressing the gonococcal invasion-promoting Opa of gonococcal strain MS11 (Opa50) adhered to the epithelial cells in an Opa-dependent fashion but was not internalized and did not recruit detectable amounts of F-actin. Coinfection with the E. coli recombinant strain and gonococci resulted in specific entry of the diplococci, despite the presence of large numbers of adherent E. coli cells. Together, our results indicate that Opa-mediated gonococcal entry into Chang cells resembles phagocytosis rather than macropinocytosis reported for Salmonella spp. and sequentially involves gonococcal adherence to the cell surface, Opa-dependent and cytochalasin-insensitive recruitment of F-actin, and cytochalasin D-sensitive bacterial internalization.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Grassmé HU,Ireland RM,van Putten JPdoi
10.1128/IAI.64.5.1621-1630.1996subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-05-01 00:00:00pages
1621-30issue
5eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In order to plan for the wide-scale introduction of meningococcal C conjugate (MCC) vaccine for United Kingdom children up to 18 years old, phase II trials were undertaken to investigate whether there was any interaction between MCC vaccines conjugated to tetanus toxoid (TT) or a derivative of diphtheria toxin (CRM(19...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.9.4946-4954.2002
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Optimal growth conditions have been established for production of heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) by both porcine and human strains of enterotoxigenic (ENT(+)) Escherichia coli. There were no unusual growth factor requirements, and some strains produced fairly high levels of LT in a basal salts medium containing 0.5% glu...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.23.1.99-107.1979
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum are agents of human monocytic and granulocytic ehrlichioses, respectively. They are extremely sensitive to mechanical stress and are pleomorphic gram-negative bacteria. Membrane incorporation of cholesterol from the eukaryotic host is known to be essential for other ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.9.5324-5331.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of peripheral blood mononuclear cells expanded with irrelevant control and mycobacterial antigens on the intracellular growth of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in human macrophages. More than 90% of the cells present after 1 week of in vitro expansion were CD3(+). T cell...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.4.1763-1773.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intact tissues are relatively resistant to Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced disease, and injury predisposes tissue to infection. Intact epithelia contain polarized cells that have distinct apical and basolateral membranes with unique lipids and proteins. In this study, the role of cell polarity in epithelial cell suscep...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.7.2861-2867.1997
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kinetic, microscopic, and biochemical studies show that virulent Ti (tumor inducing)-plasmid-containing strains of Agrobacterium attach to normal tobacco and carrot tissue culture cells. Kinetic studies showed that virulent strains of A. tumefaciens attach to the plant tissue culture cells in increasing numbers during...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.22.2.516-522.1978
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnant mice, guinea pigs, rats, and rabbits responded to injections of Moraxella bovis strain EPP-63(300) with abortion, death, embryo resorption, and production of small litters. The nature of response appeared to depend primarily on the number of viable cells injected and to some extent on the species of animal an...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.24.2.427-433.1979
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the causative agent of swine pleuropneumonia, secretes a hemolytic activity which is thought to be a factor involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The biosynthesis of hemolysin by serotype 1 strain 4074 was strongly dependent on the activity of free Ca2+ in the growth medium. At ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.56.10.2570-2575.1988
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice were infected with Chlamydia trachomatis (L2/434) and at various intervals after infection their lymphoid cells were tested directly for cytotoxic activity against Chlamydia-infected L929 cells. In a modified cell-mediated lympholysis assay, splenic, lymph node, and peritoneal exudate cells did not significantly ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.39.3.1271-1274.1983
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::C4BP (C4b-binding protein) is a high-molecular-weight plasma protein that inhibits the classical pathway of complement activation. Recent experiments have demonstrated that C4BP binds to many strains of the gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes, a major respiratory tract pathogen. Binding to S. pyogenes was s...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.9.3638-3643.1997
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The flavivirus dengue and the arenavirus Junin are both associated with a hemorrhagic shock syndrome in man. We have demonstrated the replication of these viruses in vitro in both rabbit and human endothelial cells by viral titers and immunofluorescent antibody studies. Rabbit endothelium established in continuous cul...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.20.3.776-781.1978
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of virulence determinants by Bordetella pertussis, the primary etiological agent of whooping cough, is regulated by the BvgAS two-component regulatory system. The role of a second two-component regulatory system, encoded by risAS, in this process is not defined. Here, we show that mutation of B. pertussis r...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.9.5995-6004.2005
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diverse pathogens have evolved to survive and replicate in the endosomes or phagosomes of the host cells and establish persistent infection. Ehrlichiae are Gram-negative, intracellular bacteria that are transmitted by ticks. Ehrlichiae reside in the endosomes of the host phagocytic or endothelial cells and establish p...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.02101-14
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cross-reactive humoral immune responses between antigens of different developmental stages of the worm Schistosoma mansoni have previously been demonstrated. In contrast, information on antigenic cross-reactivity at the T-cell level is still very sparse. The present study examined the cross-reactive T-cell responses t...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.9.3237-3242.1991
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chromosomal iroBCDEN gene cluster first described for Salmonella enterica is involved in the uptake of catecholate-type siderophore compounds. An orthologous gene cluster has recently been detected in Escherichia coli strains which cause extraintestinal disease. This E. coli iroBCDEN gene cluster has an impact on ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.6.3285-3293.2003
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied interleukin-1 (IL-1) secretion by rat peritoneal exudate macrophages stimulated with purified toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). TSST-1 was observed to be a more potent inducer of IL-1 than was endotoxin. The induction of IL-1 secretion by TSST-1 was not blocked by polymyxin B but could be blocked by mo...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.12.2865-2869.1987
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunoprotective activity of Klebsiella pneumoniae K2 cell surface preparations and purified capsular polysaccharide was tested in mice. The 50% protective dose (PD50), expressed as capsular polysaccharide content, was 2 ng for cell surface preparations and 50 ng for purified capsular polysaccharide. Both preparat...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.54.2.365-370.1986
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals living in areas where malaria is endemic are repeatedly exposed to many different malaria parasite antigens. Studies on naturally acquired antibody-mediated immunity to clinical malaria have largely focused on the presence of responses to individual antigens and their associations with decreased morbidity....
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01585-07
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella is a widespread zoonotic enteropathogen that causes gastroenteritis and fatal typhoidal disease in mammals. During systemic infection of mice, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium resides and replicates in macrophages within the "Salmonella-containing vacuole" (SCV). It is surprising that the substrates ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00093-09
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous potentially pathogenic organism requiring iron for growth and virulence. Although it does not produce siderophores, L. monocytogenes is able to obtain iron by using either exogenous siderophores produced by various microorganisms or natural catechol compounds widespread in the en...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.7.2778-2785.1997
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autotransporters of gram-negative bacteria are single-peptide secretion systems that consist of a functional N-terminal alpha-domain ("passenger") fused to a C-terminal beta-domain ("translocator"). How passenger proteins are translocated through the outer membrane has not been resolved, and at present essentially thr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.7.3851-3859.2005
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-free hemoglobin (Hb) is being developed as an erythrocyte substitute. We have previously demonstrated that cell-free Hb is an endotoxin-binding protein which disaggregates endotoxin and subsequently increases the biological activity of endotoxin in several in vitro assays. Because much of the morbidity and mortal...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.4.1258-1266.1997
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Archived sera (collected in 1946) from acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and untreated scarlet fever and/or pharyngitis patients were reacted with streptococcal M protein, cardiac myosin, and cardiac tropomyosin. Except for very low levels to tropomyosin, antibodies to other antigens were not elevated in the sera of ARF pat...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.12.7132-7136.2000
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was carried out to determine the role of nitric oxide (NO) in Staphylococcus aureus infection in mice. NO production in spleen cell cultures was induced by heat-killed S. aureus. Expression of mRNA of the inducible isoform of NO synthase (iNOS) was induced in the spleens and kidneys of S. aureus-infected mi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.3.1017-1022.1998
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophages are critical mediators of innate immunity and must be overcome for bacterial pathogens to cause disease. The Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus produces virulence factors that impede macrophages and other immune cells. We previously determined that production of the metabolic cofactor lipoic aci...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00344-19
更新日期:2019-09-19 00:00:00
abstract::It was found that cells of Nocardia asteroides GUH-2 (virulent) were approximately 10 times more virulent than cells of N. asteroides 14759 (intermediate) and greater that 500 times more virulent than N. asteroides 10905 (avirulent) cells when early-stationary-phase cultures suspended in saline were injected intraven...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.16.3.995-1004.1977
更新日期:1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immune responses in the guinea pig model are understudied because of a lack of commercial reagents. We have developed a custom-made guinea pig oligonucleotide microarray (81 spots) and have examined the gene expression profile of splenocytes restimulated in vitro from Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated and naive anima...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.74.2.1436-1441.2006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shigella flexneri 2a is an invasive enteric pathogen that may produce diarrhea when ingested by human beings and subhuman primates. We have previously shown that shigella diarrhea correlates with water and electrolyte transport abnormalities in the jejunum and colon. Dysentery alone is associated only with colonic tra...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.14.2.368-371.1976
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The type III secretion system (T3SS) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many Gram-negative bacteria, including Edwardsiella tarda, an important fish pathogen. Within the E. tarda T3SS, there are three proteins (EsaB/EsaL/EsaM) that are homologous to proteins present in many other bacteria, including SpiC/SsaL...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00322-17
更新日期:2017-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of route of administration, dosage, and number of boosts employed during immunization with the polymyxin-release form of Escherichia coli heat-labile (LT) enterotoxin on the degree and duration of protection afforded was evaluated in rats which were challenged by the ligated loop technique. Increasing the b...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.27.1.81-86.1980
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00