Mammalian ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc9 interacts with Rad51 recombination protein and localizes in synaptonemal complexes.

abstract：:The transacting activator of transduction (TAT) protein plays a key role in the progression of AIDS. Studies have shown that a +8 charged sequence of amino acids in the protein, called the TAT peptide, enables the TAT protein to penetrate cell membranes. To probe mechanisms of binding and translocation of the TAT pept...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rao Y,Kwok SJ,Lombardi J,Turro NJ,Eisenthal KB

更新日期：2014-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:It is unknown whether cross-regulatory interactions between homeotic genes, which have been shown to play an important role in the maintenance of their expression domains during Drosophila development, are also important during mammalian development. We have analyzed here the expression of Hox genes in Hoxa-1 (Hox-1.6...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dollé P,Lufkin T,Krumlauf R,Mark M,Duboule D,Chambon P

更新日期：1993-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Ho endonuclease of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a homing endonuclease that makes a site-specific double-strand break in the MAT gene in late G(1). Here we show that Ho is rapidly degraded via the ubiquitin-26S proteasome system through two ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes UBC2(Rad6) and UBC3(Cdc34). UBC2(Rad6) is complexe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaplun L,Ivantsiv Y,Kornitzer D,Raveh D

更新日期：2000-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a method based on a phagemid vector with helper phage rescue for the construction and rapid analysis of combinatorial antibody Fab libraries. This approach should allow the generation and selection of many monoclonal antibodies. Antibody genes are expressed in concert with phage morphogenesis, thereby allo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kang AS,Barbas CF,Janda KD,Benkovic SJ,Lerner RA

更新日期：1991-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary obstacle to producing renewable fuels from lignocellulosic biomass is a plant's recalcitrance to releasing sugars bound in the cell wall. From a sample set of wood cores representing 1,100 individual undomesticated Populus trichocarpa trees, 47 extreme phenotypes were selected across measured lignin conten...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Studer MH,DeMartini JD,Davis MF,Sykes RW,Davison B,Keller M,Tuskan GA,Wyman CE

更新日期：2011-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite being engineered to avoid renal clearance, many cationic polymer (polycation)-based siRNA nanoparticles that are used for systemic delivery are rapidly eliminated from the circulation. Here, we show that a component of the renal filtration barrier--the glomerular basement membrane (GBM)--can disassemble cation...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zuckerman JE,Choi CH,Han H,Davis ME

更新日期：2012-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Clones of Friend erythroleukemia cells, characterized by the presence of 40-70% benzidine-positive cells synthesizing hemoglobin in the absence of inducing drugs, were treated with several phorbol diesters with a known range of tumor-promoting activity on mouse skin. Good correlation was found between the reported tum...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rovera G,O'Brien TG,Diamond L

更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The auditory cortex is critical for perceiving a sound's location. However, there is no topographic representation of acoustic space, and individual auditory cortical neurons are often broadly tuned to stimulus location. It thus remains unclear how acoustic space is represented in the mammalian cerebral cortex and how...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miller LM,Recanzone GH

更新日期：2009-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Retroviral gene expression is inhibited in embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. We have constructed a recombinant retroviral vector that is capable of expressing the neomycin-resistance (neo) gene in EC cells. The critical modification that permits expression of the neo gene is the insertion of a composite simian virus 40 ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rubenstein JL,Nicolas JF,Jacob F

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sequence of oligonucleotides produced by the action of bleomycin and ferrous ion on double- and single-stranded DNA has been determined. In the presence of ferrous ion, bleomycin promotes cleavage at G-T and G-C sequences, while high concentrations of ferrous ion alone result in strand scission that is not base sp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Takeshita M,Grollman AP,Ohtsubo E,Ohtsubo H

更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Misalignment between internal circadian rhythmicity and externally imposed behavioral schedules, such as occurs in shift workers, has been implicated in elevated risk of metabolic disorders. To determine underlying mechanisms, it is essential to assess whether and how peripheral clocks are disturbed during shift work ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Skene DJ,Skornyakov E,Chowdhury NR,Gajula RP,Middleton B,Satterfield BC,Porter KI,Van Dongen HPA,Gaddameedhi S

更新日期：2018-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutant phenotype analysis of bacteria has been revolutionized by genome-scale screening procedures, but essential genes have been left out of such studies because mutants are missing from the libraries analyzed. Since essential genes control the most fundamental processes of bacterial life, this is a glaring deficienc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gallagher LA,Bailey J,Manoil C

更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:A 37-kDa glycoprotein has been described recently, whose synthesis is dramatically increased after injury of the rat sciatic and optic nerves. Cells in the nerve sheath, distal to the site of injury, produce and secrete large amounts of this protein, so that by 3 weeks after injury, it represents 2-5% of the total sol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ignatius MJ,Gebicke-Härter PJ,Skene JH,Schilling JW,Weisgraber KH,Mahley RW,Shooter EM

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two-dimensional 1H NMR investigations were used to locate elements of regular secondary structure in the human complement protein C3a (the des-Arg77 derivative) in solution. The results were compared to a refined crystal structure based on the 3.2-A resolution structure of des-Arg77-C3a [Huber, R., Scholze, H., Paques...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nettesheim DG,Edalji RP,Mollison KW,Greer J,Zuiderweg ER

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A crucial step in recent theories of human origins is the emergence of strong pair-bonding between males and females accompanied by a dramatic reduction in the male-to-male conflict over mating and an increased investment in offspring. How such a transition from promiscuity to pair-bonding could be achieved is puzzlin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gavrilets S

更新日期：2012-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Drugs with poor oral bioavailability usually are administered by hypodermic injection, which causes pain, poor patient compliance, the need for trained personnel, and risk of infectious disease transmission. Transdermal (TD) delivery provides an excellent alternative, but the barrier of skin's outer stratum corneum (S...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wermeling DP,Banks SL,Hudson DA,Gill HS,Gupta J,Prausnitz MR,Stinchcomb AL

更新日期：2008-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used expression cloning in Xenopus oocytes to isolate two different cDNAs encoding functional N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits. The two receptors (NMDA-R1A and -R1B) display different pharmacologic properties as a consequence of alternative exon addition within the putative ligand-binding domain. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakanishi N,Axel R,Shneider NA

更新日期：1992-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Enteritis caused by Clostridium difficile toxin (Tx) is a nosocomial disease of increasing clinical concern, but the local mediators of C. difficile TxA inflammation are unknown. The potent vasodilator calcitonin gene-related peptide mediates neurogenic inflammation via the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR). Her...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhargava A,Clifton MS,Mhaske P,Liao M,Pothoulakis C,Leeman SE,Grady EF

更新日期：2013-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Assessing temporal variability in extreme rainfall events before the historical era is complicated by the sparsity of long-term "direct" storm proxies. Here we present a 2,200-y-long, accurate, and precisely dated record of cave flooding events from the northwest Australian tropics that we interpret, based on an integ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Denniston RF,Villarini G,Gonzales AN,Wyrwoll KH,Polyak VJ,Ummenhofer CC,Lachniet MS,Wanamaker AD Jr,Humphreys WF,Woods D,Cugley J

更新日期：2015-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The multisubunit vacuolar-type H(+)ATPases mediate acidification of various intracellular organelles and in some tissues mediate H(+) secretion across the plasma membrane. Mutations in the B1-subunit of the apical H(+)ATPase that secretes protons in the distal nephron cause distal renal tubular acidosis in humans, a c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Finberg KE,Wagner CA,Bailey MA,Paunescu TG,Breton S,Brown D,Giebisch G,Geibel JP,Lifton RP

更新日期：2005-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A major barrier to the design of immunotherapeutics and vaccines for cancer is the idiosyncratic nature of many tumor antigens and the possibility that T cells may be tolerant of broadly distributed antigens. We have devised an experimental strategy that exploits species differences in protein sequences to circumvent ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Theobald M,Biggs J,Dittmer D,Levine AJ,Sherman LA

更新日期：1995-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:A somatic mutation in the X linked PIGA gene is responsible for the deficiency of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins on blood cells from patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. No inherited form of GPI-anchor deficiency has been described. Because conventional Piga gene knockout is associ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Keller P,Tremml G,Rosti V,Bessler M

更新日期：1999-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:A 24-amino acid residue peptide has been isolated from the Fc region of a human IgG1 myeloma protein. The peptide has associated with it the same ability to induce murine B cells to polyclonally secrete antibody as does the intact Fc fragment. Amino acid composition of the peptide indicates that on a mole/mole basis t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morgan EL,Hugli TE,Weigle WO

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Laminin, an ∼800-kDa heterotrimeric protein, is a major functional component of the extracellular matrix, contributing to tissue development and maintenance. The unique architecture of laminin is not currently amenable to determination at high resolution, as its flexible and narrow segments complicate both crystalliza...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Armony G,Jacob E,Moran T,Levin Y,Mehlman T,Levy Y,Fass D

更新日期：2016-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:X-linked hypophosphatemia is the most prevalent inherited form of rickets. In this disorder, rickets results from hyperphosphaturia and inappropriately normal levels of 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D. Current therapy with oral phosphate and vitamin D improves the rickets, but has significant morbidity and does not significantly ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baum M,Loleh S,Saini N,Seikaly M,Dwarakanath V,Quigley R

更新日期：2003-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A revelation of the genomic age has been the contributions of the mobile DNA segments called transposable elements to chromosome structure, function, and evolution in virtually all organisms. Substantial fractions of vertebrate genomes derive from transposable elements, being dominated by retroelements that move via R...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mitra R,Li X,Kapusta A,Mayhew D,Mitra RD,Feschotte C,Craig NL

更新日期：2013-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:High levels of D-serine occur in mammalian brain, where it appears to be an endogenous ligand of the glycine site of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. In glial cultures of rat cerebral cortex, D-serine is enriched in type II astrocytes and is released upon stimulation with agonists of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wolosker H,Sheth KN,Takahashi M,Mothet JP,Brady RO Jr,Ferris CD,Snyder SH

更新日期：1999-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The signal-transducing guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G) proteins are heterotrimers composed of three subunits--alpha, beta, and gamma. Although multiple distinctive forms of the alpha subunit have been described, only two forms of the beta subunits of the G proteins have been identified. To investigate furthe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levine MA,Smallwood PM,Moen PT Jr,Helman LJ,Ahn TG

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the rate and magnitude of climate change accelerate, understanding the consequences becomes increasingly important. Species distribution models (SDMs) based on current ecological niche constraints are used to project future species distributions. These models contain assumptions that add to the uncertainty in model...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wiens JA,Stralberg D,Jongsomjit D,Howell CA,Snyder MA

更新日期：2009-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) has been detected only in intestinal mucosa and colon carcinoma cells of placental mammals. However, this receptor has been identified in several tissues in marsupials, and its expression has been suggested in tissues other than intestine in placental mammals. Selective expression of GCC by co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carrithers SL,Barber MT,Biswas S,Parkinson SJ,Park PK,Goldstein SD,Waldman SA

更新日期：1996-12-10 00:00:00