Abstract:
:MAP kinase (MAPK) and its activator, MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK), are commonly activated by a variety of extracellular stimuli in mammalian cells and in the process of Xenopus oocyte maturation. In order to investigate the function of the MAPK cascade in oocyte maturation, we produced an anti-Xenopus MAPKK which specifically reacts with MAPKK in vitro. When this antibody was microinjected into immature oocytes, MAPK activation induced by progesterone was prevented. Surprisingly, H1 kinase activation and germinal vesicle breakdown were also inhibited in the oocytes injected with this antibody. These results suggest that the MAPK cascade plays an important role in the maturation promoting factor (MPF) activation during the oocyte maturation process. When this antibody together with Mos was microinjected into Xenopus two-cell embryos, the Mos-induced metaphase arrest (CSF arrest) was prevented. Thus, the MAPK cascade may mediate CSF arrest. During Xenopus early embryogenesis, a low but significant level of MAPK remains active. Injection of mRNA encoding a constitutively active MAPKK resulted in mesoderm induction in animal cap explants. In addition, fibroblast growth-factor (FGF)-induced mesoderm induction was inhibited by expressing CL100 (a MAP kinase phosphatase) in animal cap explants. Thus the MAPK cascade may be involved in the mesoderm induction of Xenopus embryos. The activation pathways and roles of the MAPKK/MAPK cascade in various signaling processes will be discussed.
journal_name
Mol Reprod Devjournal_title
Molecular reproduction and developmentauthors
Gotoh Y,Nishida Edoi
10.1002/mrd.1080420417subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-12-01 00:00:00pages
486-92issue
4eissn
1040-452Xissn
1098-2795journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Topoisomerase II (topo II) is an essential enzyme that alters DNA topology. This activity is important for a variety of chromosome functions including DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and chromosome condensation and segregation. Previously we localized topo II in mouse gametes and preimplantation embryos...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.10015
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have independently shown that cyclic adenosine 3'5'-monophosphate (cAMP) modulation prior to in vitro maturation (IVM) and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like peptide supplementation during IVM improve subsequent oocyte developmental outcomes. This study investigated the effects of an IVM system that inc...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.22307
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are five methyl binding domain (MBD) proteins characterized by a methyl CpG-binding domain. Four MBD proteins (MeCP2 and MBDs 1-3) are linked to transcriptional repression and one (MBD4), to DNA repair. During preimplantation development, the embryo undergoes global demethylation following fertilization and sele...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20712
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::While most cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are involved in cell cycle control, CDK5 is mostly known for crucial functions in neurogenesis. However, we cloned sea urchin CDK5 from a two-cell stage cDNA library and found that the protein is present in eggs and embryos, up to the pluteus stage, but without associated kin...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.21165
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fertile offspring from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is the goal of most cloning laboratories. For this process to be successful, a number of events must occur correctly. First the donor nucleus must be in a state that is amenable to remodeling and subsequent genomic reprogramming. The nucleus must be introduce...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.21242
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase implicated in diverse cellular processes. Activity of GSK-3 is essential for meiotic chromatin segregation in oocytes, yet expression and/or function of GSK-3 have not been reported in mammalian preimplantation embryos. Objectives...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20495
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleolar fine structure, "blebbing" activity of nuclear envelope, and activation of heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) synthesis were studied in bovine reconstructed embryos obtained by electrofusion of a single eight-cell blastomere with an enucleated oocyte. Developmental progress of nucleolar fine structure and hnR...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080290204
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have cloned and sequenced cDNAs encoding autoantigen 1 (AA1), a testis-specific protein and the major autoantigen of the guinea pig sperm acrosome. The cDNA predicts a precursor protein of 244 amino acids including a 21 amino acid hydrophobic, secretory signal sequence. The mature polypeptide is predicted to have a...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199606)44:2<221::AID-MRD11
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aims at quantification of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) by radioimmunoassay, relative expression of its mRNA by real-time PCR accompanied by its cellular localization in the rat ovary by immunonohistochemistry (IHC) during different time points of pregnancy. To determine the involvement of en...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20834
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cattle consuming endophyte-infected tall fescue grass have an associated reduction in circulating progesterone and reduced reproductive rates. In this study, commercially available rat microarrays were used to analyze the gene expression in luteal tissues from heifers fed endophyte-free fescue, endophyte-infected fesc...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.10395
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the mammalian testis the cytoplasmic beta and gamma actins are expressed in all stages of germ-cell differentiation, whereas gamma enteric actin is expressed in germ cells solely in postmeiotic stages. Northern blot analysis of mouse testicular RNAs reveals actin mRNAs of about 2.1, 1.5, and 1.4 kB. The 2.1-kB mRNA...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199606)44:2<141::AID-MRD1>
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aluminum hydroxide gel (Al-gel), which is used as an adjuvant, can absorb macromolecules. We investigated the applicability of Al-gel to the sustained release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) as a simplified method of superovulation (SOV) in rabbits. The responsiveness of rabbits to SOV by a single injection of F...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20672
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Communication between the oocyte and its somatic cells has been shown to be important in oocyte development. Here we examined how the oocyte may be involved in bovine cumulus cell expansion. Intact bovine cumulus oocyte complexes (COC) were obtained by puncturing antral follicles. From the intact COC, oocytectomised c...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080420214
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::RNase MRP is a ribonucleoprotein endoribonuclease found predominantly in nucleoli, but which has been associated with mitochondria and mitochondrial RNA processing. In order to analyze the intracellular localization of specific RNA components of ribonucleoproteins of this type, a whole-mount method for in situ hybridi...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080420313
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zona pellucida thickness was measured daily in zygotes and cleavage stage embryos. Measurements were performed on a Nikon inverted microscope equipped with Hoffman modulation optics, using an ocular micrometer. Zona thickness of each zygote/embryo was measured four times, the zygote/embryo was then "rolled over," and ...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199705)47:1<99::AID-MRD13>
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amino acid analyses of nuclear basic proteins of an anuran amphibian, Rana catesbeiana, revealed that they are comprised of a full set of core histones and three types of lysine-rich, sperm-specific proteins. On the basis of their amino-acid compositions and partial amino-acid sequences of their trypsin-resistant core...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199706)47:2<181::AID-MRD9>
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of hyperstimulation and aging on the number and proportion of oocytes in the metaphase II stage in female Wistar rats. It explored the validity of the hypothesis that a combination of hyperstimulation with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophins (PMSG) and age could ...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(200001)55:1<104::AID-MRD14
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we analyse the nature and the functional significance of the spherical and fibrillo-granular structures appearing in the oocyte nucleus of the lizard Podarcis sicula, following the disappearance of the typical nucleolus. By LM and TEM approaches, we demonstrate that the fibrillo-granuli, containin...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199812)51:4<413::AID-MRD8>
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epigenetics includes the study of external factors that can influence the expression of genes by altering the accessibility of DNA through methylation. To investigate the epigenetic influence of season, sperm head shape, and semen storage on placental and fetal tissues, pregnancies were generated in the summer or wint...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.23125
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neomycin-resistant gene (neo(r)) is probably the most commonly used selectable marker gene in gene targeting and gene transfection research. In this study, the neo(r) gene construct was introduced into in vitro cultured goat foetal fibroblast cells (IV-5), and the cells were selected with 900 microg/ml G418. The G...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1143
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differential expression of genes leads to variations in the phenotypes of X and Y sperm, although some differentially expressed gene products are shared through intercellular bridges. Genes differentially expressed in bovine X and Y sperm were identified by a combination of suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH),...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.22386
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several animal and human studies have demonstrated that sex affects kinetics and metabolism during early embryo development. However, the mechanism governing these differences at the molecular level before the expression of the sex-determining gene SRY is unknown. We performed a systematic profiling of gene expression...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.23162
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among Sicilian stick insects, two hybridogenetic complexes have been discovered: Bacillus rossius-grandii benazzii and B. rossius-grandii grandii, which also produce androgenetic offspring. The egg maturation of the former is analyzed here through DAPI fluorometry, which, besides the assessment of the meiotic stages, ...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080330302
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A spontaneously established porcine granulosa cell line (PGC-2) was cloned through the continuous culturing of primary granulosa cells collected from equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG)-treated prepubertal gilts. This established cell line has undergone approximately 100 passages and shows contact-inhibition of growth...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199611)45:3<299::AID-MRD6>
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mitochondrial probe 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolyl-carbocyan ine iodide (JC-1) not only identifies mitochondria exhibiting low membrane potentials by the emission of green fluorescence (range, 510-520 nm) but also differentiates these from mitochondria exhibiting relatively high membrane ...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199906)53:2<222::AID-MRD11
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the origin of the sperm motility inhibitor (SPMI) from boar seminal plasma. SPMI was measured by its capacity to inhibit the motility of demembranated spermatozoa and by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Among the various reproductive and now reproductive tissues and fluids tested, onl...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080360411
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are useful for producing transgenic chickens and preserving genetic material in avian species. In this study, we investigated the in vitro differentiation potential of chicken PGCs into different cell types. For differentiation into adipocytes, chicken PGCs were cultured for 21 days in ind...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.21224
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oviduct is a dynamic organ which modulates gamete physiology. Sperm-oviduct interaction provides the formation of a sperm storage reservoir and allows the selection of sperm with certain qualities in eutherian mammals. In sows, the oviductal sperm binding glycoprotein (SBG) has been proposed to be involved in sper...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20958
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inner cell masses (ICM) from in vitro produced day 8 or 9 bovine blastocysts were isolated by immunosurgery and cultured under different conditions in order to establish which of two feeder cell types and culture media were most efficient in supporting attachment and outgrowth of the bovine ICM cells. The efficiency o...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080400408
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fertilization in Bufo arenarum requires the sperm to penetrate the egg envelopes. The incubation of isolated vitelline envelopes with sperm induces the acrosome reaction, releasing proteases and glycosidases to the media. In the present work N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, beta-D-galactosidase, beta-D-glucosidase, al...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1098-2795(200010)57:2<194::AID-MRD11>3.0.C
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00