Abstract：
PURPOSE:To evaluate the contribution that fixation errors make to the overall variability of perimetric responses in patients with glaucoma. METHODS:Frequency of seeing curves were established, with and without fixation error correction, at two locations in each of 14 patients with glaucoma and good visual acuity. One location corresponded to a relatively normal region of the visual field, whereas the second corresponded to a region in which there was a sensitivity deficit. All patients had an acuity of better than 20/63 (except one whose acuity was 20/100). The locations of the first and fourth Purkinje images of a collimated infrared source were used to give a measure of eye position, during each stimulus presentation (accuracy 10 minutes of arc). RESULTS:Considerable variation was found in patient fixation accuracy. In the worst case, fixation was within 30 minutes of the target in only 7% of presentations whereas in the best, it was within this range in more than 60%. No relationship was found between accuracy of fixation and extent of loss. The gradient of the frequency of seeing curve was found to be shallow at regions of reduced sensitivity, a finding that supports the recognized relationship between variability and sensitivity deficit. A recalculation of the frequency of seeing curves, using only those responses in which the patient's fixation was within a specified range ( < 60 minutes of arc), did not show a meaningful reduction in variability at either location. CONCLUSIONS:It is concluded that fixation errors, though contributing to variability, are not the major cause of the increased variability seen at locations with reduced sensitivity.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Henson DB,Evans J,Chauhan BC,Lane Csubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-02-01 00:00:00pages
444-50issue
2eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the alterations in microRNA (miRNA) expression during replicative senescence (RS) in human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells. METHODS:Two HTM cell lines were serially passaged until they reached RS. Changes in expression of 30 miRNAs were assessed by real-time quantitative (q)-PCR. The effects of ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.09-4874
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid was isolated from cynomolgus monkey eyes with experimental retinal detachments and the volume flow was determined in vitro using Ussing-type chambers. With zero pressure difference across the membrane, retina-to-choroid volume flow was 5.0 microliter/hr/cm2 in eyes with sub...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:We assessed whether partial occlusion of the nonamblyopic eye with Bangerter filters can immediately reduce suppression and promote binocular summation of contrast in observers with amblyopia. METHODS:In Experiment 1, suppression was measured for 22 observers (mean age, 20 years; range, 14-32 years; 10 females...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-15224
更新日期：2014-10-28 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) is assumed to be a key location for the generation of adaptive immune mechanisms of the ocular surface, but functional studies of CALT are still lacking. The purpose of this study was to establish an animal model that enables functional analysis of immune mechanisms...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.07-0809
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To define the retinal phenotype in patients with the Bardet-Biedl syndrome and mutations in the BBS1 gene. METHODS:Ten patients (age range, 16-48 years), representing eight pedigrees, with BBS1 gene mutations were studied clinically and with kinetic perimetry, chromatic static perimetry, electroretinography (E...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.06-0517
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Gangliosides are normal components of cell membranes, contribute to structural rigidity and membrane function, and have been shown to protect against various insults to the brain. This study evaluates the effect of exogenously administered monosialoganglioside GM1 on retinal damage induced by transient retinal ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Vaccinia virus keratitis leading to blindness is a severe complication of smallpox vaccination. The clinical manifestations of vaccinia virus keratitis are similar to those of herpes simplex virus keratitis, a well-studied immunopathologic disease. Vaccinia virus keratitis is likely to involve an immunopatholog...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.09-5107
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To compare static rod function obtained with and without photobleach in control and intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD) participants with and without subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD). Methods:In this cross-sectional study, retinal sensitivities within the central 24° retina were obtained tw...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.18-23970
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelial cells from both human retinal microvessels (HME) and fetal bovine aortic endothelium (FBAE) were grown in aggregate cultures alone, or with either retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells or fibroblasts. The levels of plasminogen activator (PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) in the conditioned med...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Slow oscillatory eye movements (SOMs) occur simultaneously with tremor, drifts, and microsaccades during visual fixation. In a previous study, the amplitude of SOM was found to be affected by the visual characteristics of the stimuli. This indicates a perceptual influence on the control of the movement. However...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.13-12588
更新日期：2013-12-11 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To demonstrate the effect of glaucoma on the optical attenuation coefficient of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) images. METHODS:We analyzed images of the peripapillary areas in 10 healthy and 30 glaucomatous eyes (mild, moderate, and advanced glauco...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.11-8436
更新日期：2012-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The predominant risk factor for the progression of glaucoma is an increase in IOP, mediated via a reduction in aqueous outflow through the conventional (trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal) outflow pathway. Current IOP lowering pharmacological strategies target the uveoscleral (nonconventional) outflow pathway or ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-14515
更新日期：2014-08-14 00:00:00
abstract：:To evaluate the penetration of ciprofloxacin, a new wide-spectrum oral antibiotic, into the vitreous, ciprofloxacin was administered orally to 21 patients who were scheduled to undergo vitreal surgery. Seven patients received 750 mg ciprofloxacin 4 hr before surgery (group I), seven patients received this dose 8 hr be...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) can infect the cornea and achieve ganglionic latency. HSV-1 can later be activated by a variety of effectors although the exact mechanism of reactivation is unknown. Rabbits harboring latent HSV-1 strain McKrae can be induced to shed virus by ocular iontophoresis of epinephrine to t...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine whether messenger RNA coding for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), HGF receptor (MET), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), KGF receptor, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor-2 were produced in primary cultures of human corneal epithelial, stromal fibroblast, and end...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Macular corneal dystrophy (MCD) is a rare corneal dystrophy that is characterized by abnormal deposits in the corneal stroma, keratocytes, Descemet's membrane, and endothelium, accompanied by progressive clouding. It has been classified into three immunophenotypes--MCD types I, IA, and II--according to the seru...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to characterize a Krt12-Cre knock-in mouse line for corneal epithelium-specific gene ablation and to analyze the allelic selection of the keratin 12 (Krt12) gene during corneal type-epithelium differentiation. METHODS:Knock-in mice were generated by gene targeting. The authors exa...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.10-5331
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) appears in astrocytes after neural injury. The authors' laboratory has reported the presence of EGFR in glaucomatous optic nerves. The activation of EGFR is often associated with induction of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. In this study, the induction of COX-2 pathway in rat...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.04-1473
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To analyze the changes in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in eyes with nonproliferative macular telangiectasia type 2A (MacTel), by evaluating macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness and macular retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in comparison to age-matched healthy volunteers. METH...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-15672
更新日期：2015-02-05 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To investigate brain white matter pathways using magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and correlate the findings with developmental outcomes at 18 months of corrected age in preterm infants with and without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods:In this prospective cohort study, probabilistic m...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.62.2.2
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate whether time outdoors and a range of other activities are associated with change in spherical equivalent (SE) and axial length in Chinese children over a period of 2 years. METHODS:A total of 1997 children aged 12.7 ± 0.5 (10.9-15.6) years in the Anyang Childhood Eye Study (ACES) were examined a...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-15474
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study sought to examine the acute effects of ocular ischemia and reperfusion on retinal function and determine the extent to which recovery during reperfusion is improved by allopurinol (AP), a blocker of xanthine oxidase (XO). The latter is presumed to be a major factor in the formation of free radicals a...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The retinas of six pigmented rabbits (12 eyes) were irradiated with a cw-Nd:YAG laser using two different pulse forms, in conjunction with a constant pulse duration of 200 msec and a retinal focus diameter of 200 microns. The first pulse form (a) was characterized by an initial transient, lasting 15-20 msec, with a pe...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To demonstrate corneal endothelial (CE) integrity enhanced during eye banking by a brief treatment of human donor corneoscleral explant (explant) with CE autocrine trophic factor vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). METHODS:Paired explants were used as control versus VIP (10 nM)-treated before storage in corne...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.10-5983
更新日期：2011-07-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Flicker sensitivity was measured in groups of younger and older adult observers to assess its mean values and the test-retest variability both between sessions and in a single session. Test-retest sensitivities differed by less than 15% but tended to decrease slightly in a session and increase slightly between session...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine retinal function using the full-field electroretinogram (ERG) during and after acute intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in wild-type mice. METHODS:IOP was elevated by anterior chamber cannulation in wild-type C57/BL6 mice. The pressure-function relationship was determined by IOP elevation in steps...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.09-3814
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To obtain quantitative data on the optic disc excavation in children affected by cerebral visual impairment (CVI) by using the Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph (HRT)-II (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). METHODS:A total of 24 subjects affected by CVI (mean age, 7.28 years) were examined: 16 in alert co...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.05-0529
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare psychophysical Naka-Rushton parameters in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients and healthy controls using a flash-on-flash increment threshold paradigm, and to measure changes of these parameters with RP progression. METHODS:Sixty-six RP patients and 10 normal subjects were tested, and their maximum r...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Tono-Pen 2 tonometer for measuring intraocular pressure (IOP) in the living rat eye. METHODS:One eye from each of 20 adult, anesthetized brown Norway rats (group 1) was cannulated and simultaneously connected to a syringe and a pressure transducer with a chart reco...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Contrast detection is commonly measured clinically; however, discrimination between contrasts is also important for natural vision. Furthermore, optimal performance requires the visual system to adapt to ambient contrast conditions. Recent studies of primate neurophysiology demonstrate significant retinal invol...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.08-3332
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
