Abstract:
:The recent explosion of scientific and technical knowledge in the field of molecular biology has allowed us to make important advances in our understanding of the molecular basis of many human diseases. This technology has now entered the clinical laboratory where identification of specific genetic sequences can aid in the precise diagnosis of hematologic and other malignancies, inherited diseases, specific infectious agents, and inherited predisposition to disease. In addition, it can be applied to prenatal diagnosis, paternity testing, identification of minimal residual disease following treatment, and assessment of drug sensitivity or resistance. In many cases in diagnostic pathology, the need for molecular analysis often is not realized until after a critical tissue specimen has been fixed, embedded, and examined microscopically. Thus, there is a clear need for development of techniques that would allow the retrospective study of archival tissues that have been fixed and embedded in paraffin. This review examines in depth those factors which influence the quality of the DNA available from fixed embedded tissues and discusses the usefulness of polymerase chain reaction amplification in obtaining sufficient diagnostically useful DNA from archival specimens. It is hoped that this review will aid the diagnostic pathologist interested in the application of molecular techniques in the retrospective study of fixed embedded tissues.
journal_name
DNA Cell Bioljournal_title
DNA and cell biologyauthors
Crisan D,Mattson JCdoi
10.1089/dna.1993.12.455subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-06-01 00:00:00pages
455-64issue
5eissn
1044-5498issn
1557-7430journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Transfection of keratinocytes with plasmid DNA leads to the loss of detectable DNA-binding activity of CCAAT displacement protein but not of Yin Yang 1, as monitored by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. This phenomenon was found to be attributable to the presence of plasmid DNA in the nuclear extracts prepared fro...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/104454902753604989
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a new vector system that allows efficient expression of heterologous proteins in transformed mouse L fibroblasts. This is due to its persistence at high copy numbers, achieved by a 370-bp amplification promoting element (muNTS1) derived from the nontranscribed spacer of murine rDNA. Copy number determinati...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.1994.13.437
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A primary response of the avian intestine to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] is increased synthesis of a 28-kD calcium-binding protein, calbindin-D28k (CaBP). This study examined whether 1,25-(OH)2D3 regulates CaBP gene transcription by an interaction of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) with a vitamin D-responsive...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.1992.11.377
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an effort to develop a more effective genetic immunization strategy for HIV, we developed an HIV-2 env DNA vaccine and evaluated three adjuvant formulations. The gp140 gene from HIV-2(UC2 )was synthesized using mammalian codons and cloned into a plasmid vector that expresses eukaryotic genes at high levels. We foun...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/104454904322759911
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we explored the genes genetically associated with lupus nephritis (LN), and their function by bioinformatics analysis. We collected genes potentially associated with LN from National Center for Biotechnology Information Center (NCBI-Gene) and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) databases. The maj...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2019.4631
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA repair is reduced in patients suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and it can induce the production of autoreactive antibodies due to the accumulation of DNA damage and nucleoprotein that produce immunogenic antigens. The accumulations of anti-Ku and DNA-PKcs antibodies, which are involved in nonhomo...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2014.2465
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plastins (or fimbrins) are a family of actin-binding proteins that are conserved from yeast to humans. In mammals, three tissue-specific plastin isoforms have been identified. The L isoform (L-plastin) is normally expressed only in leukocytes but is also found in >90% of neoplastic nonleukocyte human cells. Because L-...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.1997.16.9
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The abnormal function of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is reported to be associated with the occurrence of various tumors and malignant tumor progression. However, little evidence is available to describe its role in esophageal carcinogenesis. To address this issue, we constructed a stable MGMT-silen...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2011.1318
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human T cells express HLA class II molecules upon activation. The factors that regulate the induction of expression of these molecules are for the most part unknown. Here we report preliminary results indicating that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) regulates the induction of cell-surface HLA-DR, DO, and DP mol...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/dna.1992.11.265
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth factors are important mediators of proliferation. Deregulation in growth factor mechanisms as well as in its receptors will contribute to cancer development. One of the most important is the epidermal growth factor (EGF), which is encoded by EGF gene. A functional polymorphism at position 61 (A/G) is associated...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2008.0823
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) accessory protein Vpr has been associated with the induction of programmed cell death (apoptosis) and cell-cycle arrest. Studies have shown the apoptotic effect of Vpr on primary and established cell lines and on diverse tissues including the central nervous system (CNS)...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2006.0541
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene delivery from tissue engineering scaffold is a novel strategy in regulating long-term growth and function of cells in vitro culture. In this study, a hepatocyte growth factor plasmid/polyetherimide (pHGF/PEI) polyplex delivering alginate (AL)/galactosylated chitosan (GC) (pHGF/PEI-AL/GC) sponge scaffold was prepa...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2019.5136
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Host cell-derived danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as the hemoglobin (Hb) can interact with the innate immune system either directly or through binding to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Hemolysis occurs under various pathological conditions, leading to hemoglobinemia. In the extracel...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/dna.2012.1897
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose-stimulated insulin gene transcription is mainly regulated by a 340-bp promoter region upstream of the transcription start site by beta-cell-enriched transcription factors Pdx-1, MafA, and NeuroD1. Previous studies have shown that histone H4 hyperacetylation is important for acute up-regulation of insulin gene ...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2011.1336
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription factor delta EF1 is a key player in estrogen-signaling cascades in vertebrates. In this pathway, estrogen induces the expression of the gene encoding delta EF1, and then delta EF1 activates transcription of downstream targets. Yet, the molecular mechanisms of transcriptional activation by delta EF1 h...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/104454904322745907
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, we demonstrated that the DAN gene product contains a growth- and/or a tumor-suppressive activity in vitro. In the present work, using a yeast two-hybrid system, we searched for cellular proteins that can associate with the DAN gene product. A cDNA clone, termed DA41, was initially isolated from an adult rat ...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.1997.16.985
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD95 (Fas/APO-1)-mediated apoptosis appears to be regulated by positive and negative signaling molecules. A human CD40/CD95 chimeric receptor was stably transfected into CD95-expressing human Jurkat T cells, and signaling through native and chimeric CD95 was compared in the same cell type to assess contributions of th...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.1997.16.197
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::KCNQ1 overlapping transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1), a long noncoding RNA responsible for silencing a cluster of genes in cis, has been shown to be involved in multiple cancers. However, much remains unclear of how KCNQ1OT1 contributes to carcinogenesis. By thoroughly analyzing 510 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases and 1014 ...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2013.2118
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiomyocytes are notoriously difficult to transfect using standard techniques unless viral vectors such as recombinant adenoviruses are used. Generation of recombinant adenoviruses is, however, a complex and time-consuming procedure and not possible for every DNA construct. We therefore optimized DNA/polylysine/aden...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2005.24.381
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative determination of T-cell receptor (TCR) V beta expression is necessary to define the changes in TCR-V beta subfamily expression that occur during T-cell maturation and selection and to detect alterations of the TCR-V beta repertoire that may be associated with human diseases. Here we describe and validate ...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.1993.12.217
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a malignancy with relatively high incidence and poor prognosis. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) were reported to be dysregulated in multiple cancers and were closely associated with tumor initiation and progression. However, an integrated analysis of the roles of RBPs in HN...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2020.5641
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of the epigenome have attracted little interest in nephrology, especially in uremia. Several lines of evidence have suggested that there are links between genomic DNA hypomethylation and cardiovascular complications in uremia patients. However, to date, our knowledge about the alterations in histone methylatio...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2010.1076
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we isolated two cDNA molecules encoding putative glutamate receptor subunits, fGluR1 alpha and fGluR1 beta, from an Oreochromis sp. brain cDNA library by hybridizing with the glutamate receptor cDNA, fGluR2 beta, of the same fish. The deduced amino acid sequence of the fGluR1 alpha consists of 908 resid...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.1996.15.717
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hearing loss in Ménière's disease (MD) is associated with loss of spiral ganglion neurons and hair cells. In a guinea pig model of endolymphatic hydrops, nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and oxidative stress mediate loss of spiral ganglion neurons. To test the hypothesis that functional variants of NOS1 and NOS2A are asso...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2011.1259
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis, which is usually accompanied by DNA degradation, is important not only for the homeostasis of metazoans but also for mammalian development. If DNA is not properly degraded in these processes, it can cause diverse diseases, such as anemia, cataracts, and some autoimmune diseases. A large effort has been made...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/dna.2007.0691
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a long-time inflammatory condition arising from aberrant immune activation in the colon and the rectum. Interleukin (IL)-35 plays critical roles in autoimmune disorders. In this study, we explored the pathways of IL-35 in affecting UC. First, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from U...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2016.3570
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have further characterized the most distal of the three alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) enhancers required for expression of the AFP gene in fetal hepatocytes and yolk sac endodermal cells. Almost total rat AFP enhancer 3 (E3) activity is driven by a 160-bp fragment at -6 kb containing three target regions for nuclear prot...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.1996.15.1063
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Egr-1 (zfp-6) gene encodes a zinc-finger-containing nuclear protein that is rapidly and transiently induced in quiescent cells treated with mitogens. We have constructed baculovirus vectors that synthesize mouse Egr-1 protein initiating at two putative ATG start sites. The ATG site producing the larger protein (Mr...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.1991.10.61
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zidovudine (AZT) is widely used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection because of its ability to act as a false substrate for the viral reverse transcriptase. AZT in the clinical setting has also been shown to produce significant hematologic and other toxicity, even though prior reports in th...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.1996.15.363
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epigenetic modifications, especially alteration in DNA methylation, are increasingly being recognized as a key factor in the pathogenesis of complex disorders, including atherosclerosis. However, there are limited data on the epigenetic changes in the coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. In the present study we eva...
journal_title:DNA and cell biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/dna.2007.0694
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00