Abstract:
PURPOSE:Many types of chronic blepharitis have been believed to be primarily microbial in origin; however, it was proposed that differences and changes in lipid composition of meibomian secretion may be the initiating factor in some of these. It was recently reported that there are two subgroups of normals, those whose meibomian secretions contain high levels of cholesterol esters and those whose secretions contain very low levels of these esters. Thus, these subgroups of normals were defined on the basis of detailed lipid analyses of meibomian secretions from individuals showing no clinical signs of chronic blepharitis. All secretions from patients in the various disease groups contain high levels of these esters. Based on previous observations that in some chronic blepharitis disease groups certain Staphylococcus species were capable of hydrolyzing cholesterol esters, the authors tested the hypothesis that the resulting cholesterol might affect growth of Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS:Staphylococcus aureus growth stimulation in Mueller-Hinton broth by cholesterol was determined by colony forming units. Growth stimulation by cholesterol and other additives was also determined by the optical density 650 nm method. Statistical analyses included analysis of variance and the Student's t test. RESULTS:Cholesterol stimulated Staphylococcus aureus growth was significant during the first 24 hr period (20% increase at 25 microM cholesterol, P < 0.02), and for the total 48 hr period (40% increase at 400 microM cholesterol, P < 0.005) when compared to the respective control. Growth stimulation, determined by OD at 650 nm, in the presence of cholesterol was significantly greater (P < 0.02) than that in the presence of either sitosterol or cholestanol when the sterol concentration was 190 microM. CONCLUSION:These results suggest that the presence and hydrolysis of cholesterol esters of meibomian secretions may contribute to the proliferation of Staphylococcus spp, especially Staphylococcus aureus, observed in some chronic blepharitis disease groups.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Shine WE,Silvany R,McCulley JPsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-06-01 00:00:00pages
2291-6issue
7eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:To map the spatiotemporal decline in retinally driven activity in the superior colliculus (SC) of transgenic S334ter-line-3 rats that express a mutated rhodopsin, which causes photoreceptor degeneration. To determine whether transplantation of fetal retinal sheets into the subretinal space of these rats can rec...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.02-0615
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper investigates the amplitude of accommodation of early onset myopes, late onset myopes, emmetropes, and hyperopes. Eighty subjects were used, 41 women and 39 men, with an age range of 18-22 yr (mean = 19.82). All subjects wore an optimum refractive correction, giving visual acuities of 20/20 or better. Signif...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to deepen our knowledge on the basis of intrafamilial genetic heterogeneity of inherited retinal dystrophies (RD) to further discern the contribution of individual alleles to the pathology. METHODS:Families with intrafamilial locus and/or allelic heterogeneity were selected from a coh...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-14938
更新日期:2014-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Using transient ischemia followed by reperfusion (IR) to model ischemic retinal disease, this study compares the effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and therapies targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α on retinal apoptosis, vascular permeability, and mRNA exp...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-5264
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to determine the source of the retinol which has been identified in the tear fluid, the lacrimal gland ducts of rabbits and rats were cannulated and the collected lacrimal gland fluid was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Retinol was identified in the lacrimal gland fluid of rabbits and rats...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To test the hypothesis that acute topical dorzolamide (DZ) decreases intraocular pressure (IOP) and increases retinal and choroidal blood flow in the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma. METHODS:Retinal and choroidal blood flow were measured in 4- and 9-month-old DBA/2J mice, and 4-month C57BL/6 (control) mice unde...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.15-18291
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate changes in the multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) undergoing ranibizumab treatment. METHODS:This was an observational, longitudinal, prospective study. Treatment-naive patients with nAMD who met the inclusion and exclusion crite...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6588
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Achieving good vision in infants born with a unilateral cataract is believed to require early surgery and consistent occlusion of the fellow eye. This article examines the relationship between adherence to patching and grating acuity. METHODS:Data came from the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study, a randomized clin...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-8457
更新日期:2012-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid was isolated from cynomolgus monkey eyes with experimental retinal detachments and the volume flow was determined in vitro using Ussing-type chambers. With zero pressure difference across the membrane, retina-to-choroid volume flow was 5.0 microliter/hr/cm2 in eyes with sub...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The authors' previous models predicted local formation of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in adults with diabetes and existing retinopathy. Here they derived a multivariate model for local prediction of DR onset in patients with no previous retinopathy. METHODS:Seventy-eight eyes from 41 diabetes patients were teste...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-5931
更新日期:2011-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::Using isochromatic luminance gratings and isoluminant red-green color gratings, examined luminance and color discrimination in amblyopia were examined. Complete color and luminance contrast sensitivity functions were measured monocularly from each eye of six normal and six amblyopic observers. Similar spatial frequenc...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To characterize in SV40-immortalized human corneal epithelial cells (tHCEC) osmosensitive taurine transporter gene and protein expression as well as its functional activity. To evaluate whether medium supplementation with taurine improves cell viability during a hypertonic challenge. METHODS:tHCEC were preincu...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smooth pursuit and other eye movements were quantitatively studied in patients with chronic schizophrenia to characterize the pattern and severity of eye movement abnormalities in this disorder. Twenty-one patients with schizophrenia, 13 patients with other psychiatric disorders (manic-depressive psychosis, schizoaffe...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To determine the relationship between the sensitivity of the retina in the central 10° and the thickness of the retinal layers in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Methods:Fifty-two RP patients were studied. All of the patients had been examined by the Humphrey Field Analyzer 10-2 program (HFA10-2) and ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-24635
更新日期:2018-07-02 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To study the spatial distribution of posterior pole choroidal thickness (CT) in healthy eyes using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS:Fifty-nine eyes from 30 subjects with no retinal or choroidal disease were examined with high-definition (HD) OCT using macular volume cube scanning ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-8046
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:T cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of uveitis. Recent studies have indicated that the TNFSF15 gene that encodes the TL1A protein can regulate the differentiation and activation of T cells. TNFSF15 gene polymorphisms have been found to be associated with several autoimmune disorders. A possible a...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.15-16896
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Focal opacities are signs of early cataractogenesis in the human lens. They progress slowly over a lifetime and may be precursors of mature cataracts. The authors analyzed changes in proteins, phospholipids, and cholesterol in these opacities using in situ techniques: Raman microspectroscopy, filipin cytochemis...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Adult central nervous system (CNS) neurons are unable to regenerate their axons after injury. Krüppel-like transcription factor (KLF) family members regulate intrinsic axon growth ability in vitro and in vivo, but mechanisms downstream of these transcription factors are not known. Methods:Purified retinal gang...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-23319
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is upregulated in eyes following corneal alkali injury and contributes to corneal and also retinal damage. Prompt TNF-α inhibition by systemic infliximab ameliorates retinal damage and improves corneal wound healing. However, systemic administration of TNF-α inhibitors carries risk...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20339
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To visualize and quantify the three-dimensional (3D) spatial relationships of the structures of the aqueous outflow system (AOS) within intact enucleated mouse eyes using spectral two-photon microscopy (TPM) techniques. METHODS:Spectral TPM, including two-photon autofluorescence (TPAF) and second-harmonic gene...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.15-18491
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether glaucoma alters intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) function. METHODS:Forty-one patients (25 with glaucoma and 16 healthy age-matched control participants) were tested. Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell function was directly measured by the sustained...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-7069
更新日期:2011-06-21 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether vascular tone of isolated porcine retinal veins can be modulated by tissue-generated vasoactive factors such as endothelin-1 and adenosine. Such information may be useful in understanding the role of the retinal veins in regulating blood flow, and also provide a model for investigating new ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.15-18358
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Weak eye muscles can cause ophthalmic disorders, and in particular, strabismus. Exogenous trophic factors such as cardiotrophin (CT)-1 and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) have been shown to increase the contractile force of adult heart and skeletal muscles, respectively. In the current study, the effects of en...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0393
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the developmental expression of Thy-1 in the retina. Thy-1, the most abundant mammalian neuronal surface glycoprotein, is likely to play a significant role in retinal development. In the mammalian retina, it is found predominantly, if not exclusively, on retinal ganglion cells. METHODS:Rat retinae ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Topical commercial phenylephrine HCl (Neo-Synephrine 10%) has been shown to cause an increase in corneal thickness and reversible vacuolization of corneal endothelial cells in rabbits. Using an in vivo model of regenerated corneal endothelial cells in the cat, we compared the cytotoxicity of phenylephrine-HCl 10% to r...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Activation of complement has been implicated as one of the major causes of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Evidence is accumulating for a role of complement in other retinal diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy and proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Because of the paucity of animal models that directly ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6002
更新日期:2011-05-18 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To analyze the roles of vitreal macrophages and circulating leukocytes in retinal vascular growth. METHODS:Bone marrow (BM) cells from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice were transplanted into postnatal day (P)1 mice after irradiation. The mice were exposed to 76% to 78% oxygen (P7-P12), to initia...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-5798
更新日期:2011-03-14 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate phenotype characteristics of fellow eyes in patients with early onset of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NVAMD). METHODS:Patients with new-onset unilateral NVAMD between 50 and 65 years (n = 57, early-onset choroidal neovascularization [CNV] group) or >80 years (n = 47, late-onset ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.15-16989
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To examine the impact of small pupils and light levels on reading performance of distance-corrected presbyopes. To determine whether small pupils would enable presbyopes to read at near even at low light levels. Methods:To establish the lower range of text luminances, we quantified the space-averaged luminance...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20008
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::PURPOSE. Mitochondrial function and the presence of somatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects were investigated in extraocular muscles (EOMs) collected from individuals covering a wide age range, to document the changes seen with normal aging. METHODS. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) histo...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4660
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00