Abstract:
:Superoxide dismutases (SODs; superoxide: superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) play a key role in protection against oxygen radicals, and SOD gene expression is highly induced during environmental stress. To determine the conditions of SOD induction, the promoter of the cytosolic copper/zinc SOD (Cu/ZnSODcyt) gene was isolated in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and fused to the beta-glucuronidase reporter gene. Oxidative stress is likely to alter the cellular redox in favor of the oxidized status. Surprisingly, the expression of the Cu/ZnSODcyt gene is induced by sulfhydryl antioxidants such as reduced glutathione, cysteine, and dithiothreitol, whereas the oxidized forms of glutathione and cysteine have no effect. It is therefore possible that reduced glutathione directly acts as an antioxidant and simultaneously activates the Cu/ZnSODcyt gene during oxidative stress.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Hérouart D,Van Montagu M,Inzé Ddoi
10.1073/pnas.90.7.3108subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-04-01 00:00:00pages
3108-12issue
7eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
90pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Aire is a transcriptional regulator that induces expression of peripheral tissue antigens (PTA) in thymic medullary epithelial cells (MECs), driving immunological self-tolerance in differentiating T cells. To elucidate its mechanistic pathways, we examined its transcriptional impact in MECs in vivo by microarray analy...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1119351109
更新日期:2012-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::Reaction of the normal isomer of [B20H18]2- and the protected thiol anion, [SC(O)OC(CH3)3]-, produces an unexpected isomer of [B20H17SC(O)OC(CH3)3]4- directly and in good yield. The isomer produced under mild conditions is characterized by an apical-apical boron atom intercage connection as well as the location of the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.11.6406
更新日期:1999-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::The formation of several acyl groups and an amide group of Taxol is catalyzed by regioselective CoA thioester-dependent acyltransferases. Several full-length acyltransferase sequences, obtained from a cDNA library constructed from mRNA isolated from Taxus cuspidata cells induced for Taxol production with methyl jasmon...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.082115799
更新日期:2002-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma growth hormone (GH) profiles are sexually differentiated in many species and regulate the sex-dependence of peripubescent growth rates and liver function, including steroid hydroxylase cytochrome P450 expression, by mechanisms that are poorly understood. By use of an external pump to deliver to hypophysectomize...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.15.6868
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Grain yield in many cereal crops is largely determined by grain size. Here we report the genetic and molecular characterization of GS3, a major quantitative trait locus for grain size. It functions as a negative regulator of grain size and organ size. The wild-type isoform is composed of four putative domains: a plant...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1014419107
更新日期:2010-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::Fibronectin (FN) forms the primitive fibrillar matrix in both embryos and healing wounds. To study the matrix in living cell cultures, we have constructed a cell line that secretes FN molecules chimeric with green fluorescent protein. These FN-green fluorescent protein molecules were assembled into a typical matrix th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.5.2153
更新日期:1999-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The photosystem II (PSII) subunit S (PsbS) plays a key role in nonphotochemical quenching, a photoprotective mechanism for dissipation of excess excitation energy in plants. The precise function of PsbS in nonphotochemical quenching is unknown. By reconstituting PsbS together with the major light-harvesting complex of...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1205561110
更新日期:2013-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::The core enzyme of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase acquires essential promoter recognition and transcription initiation activities by binding one of several sigma subunits. To characterize the proximity between sigma70, the major sigma for transcription of the growth-related genes, and the core enzyme subunits (alpha2...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.11.6021
更新日期:1998-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::Poliovirus RNA polymerase requires a host factor to initiate RNA synthesis in vitro. The host factor was previously purified to near homogeneity from HeLa cells but was not assigned an enzymatic activity. This report describes the purification of a terminal uridylyltransferase that can act as host factor. By all crite...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.2.221
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In normal messenger RNA for the human beta-globin chain, nucleotide sequences have been identified which can be matched to the amino-acid sequence of the abnormally long segment of the beta-chain of hemoglobin Cranston. The finding of these sequences strengthens the hypothesis that the betaCranston chain arose by a fr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.9.3614
更新日期:1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a statistical framework for harnessing online activity data to better understand how people make decisions. Building on insights from cognitive science and decision theory, we develop a discrete choice model that allows for exploratory behavior and multiple stages of decision making, with different...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1522494113
更新日期:2016-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin (IL)-15 and its specific receptor chain, IL-15Rα, support the development of various effector cells, including NK and CD8 T cells via a mechanism called trans-presentation. Whereas the dynamic of trans-presentation has been shown to involve the recycling of IL-15Rα by presenting cells, the way responding c...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1405514111
更新日期:2014-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Obese fat pads are frequently undervascularized and hypoxic, leading to increased fibrosis, inflammation, and ultimately insulin resistance. We hypothesized that VEGF-A-induced stimulation of angiogenesis enables sustained and sufficient oxygen and nutrient exchange during fat mass expansion, thereby improving adipose...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1200447109
更新日期:2012-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Ca(V)1 channels initiate excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal and cardiac muscle. During the fight-or-flight response, epinephrine released by the adrenal medulla and norepinephrine released from sympathetic nerves increase muscle contractility by activation of the β-adrenergic receptor/cAMP-dependent protein k...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1012384107
更新日期:2010-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::An inwardly rectifying, ATP-regulated K+ channel with a distinctive molecular architecture, ROMK1, was recently cloned from rat kidney. Using patch clamp techniques, we have investigated the regulation of ROMK1 with particular emphasis on phosphorylation/dephosphorylation processes. Spontaneous channel rundown occurre...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.17.8077
更新日期:1994-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::DNA fragmentation is a hallmark of apoptosis (programmed cell death). However, the biological function of apoptotic DNA fragmentation remains unclear. Here, we show that DNA fragmentation factor plays an important role for maintaining genomic stability. Inhibition or loss of the DNA fragmentation factor (DFF)/caspase-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0507779103
更新日期:2006-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::The visual (retinoid) cycle, the enzymatic pathway that regenerates chromophore after light absorption, is located primarily in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and is essential for rod photoreceptor survival. Whether this pathway also is essential for cone photoreceptor survival is unknown, and there are no data ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0706367104
更新日期:2007-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Certain mutations at the glaB locus result in the failure to fully derepress glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.2] and to convert it to the active nonadenylylated form in response to nitrogen limitation. In these mutants the PII regulatory protein is altered such that it cannot be...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.5.2636
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous neuroimaging studies have implicated default mode network (DMN) involvement in both internally driven processes and memory. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether memory operations reflect a particular case of internally driven processing or alternatively involve the DMN in a distinct manner, possibly depending ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1209888110
更新日期:2013-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::A central question in stem cell biology is whether organ homeostasis is maintained in adult organs through undifferentiated stem cells or self-duplication of specialized cell populations. To address this issue in the exocrine pancreas we analyzed the Bmi1-labeled cell lineage of pancreatic acinar cells. Previously, we...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0902508106
更新日期:2009-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::We use alternating-laser excitation to achieve fluorescence-aided molecule sorting (FAMS) and enable simultaneous analysis of biomolecular structure and interactions at the level of single molecules. This was performed by labeling biomolecules with fluorophores that serve as donor-acceptor pairs for Förster resonance ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0401690101
更新日期:2004-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::The accumulation of metal ions and amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates found in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been suggested to be involved in AD pathogenesis. To investigate metal-Aβ-associated pathways in AD, development of chemical tools to target metal-Aβ species is desired. Only a few efforts, how...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1006091107
更新日期:2010-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::We purified microtubules from a mammalian mitotic extract and obtained an amino acid sequence from each microtubule-associated protein by using mass spectrometry. Most of these proteins are known spindle-associated components with essential functional roles in spindle organization. We generated antibodies against a pr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.261371298
更新日期:2001-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::In a significant fraction of the Escherichia coli cytosolic proteins, the N-terminal methionine residue incorporated during the translation initiation step is excised. The N-terminal methionine excision is catalyzed by methionyl-aminopeptidase (MAP). Previous studies have suggested that the action of this enzyme could...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.21.8247
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Embryonal kidney cell tumors develop in rats given the alkylating agent N-nitroso-N'-methylurea as neonates. These tumors resemble the childhood Wilms tumors in their histopathology. Deletions and mutations in the Wilms tumor suppressor gene, WT1, are present in up to 6% of childhood nephroblastomas. To investigate th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.21.9931
更新日期:1994-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::The modulation of K+ channels by serotonin (5-HT) receptors was studied by coinjecting Xenopus oocytes with mRNA transcribed in vitro from a cloned 5-HT 1C subtype (5-HT1C) receptor gene, together with size-fractionated mRNA isolated from rat cerebral cortex that expresses K+ channels. After intracellular loading with...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.6.2560
更新日期:1991-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The 4D organization of the interphase nucleus, or the 4D Nucleome (4DN), reflects a dynamical interaction between 3D genome structure and function and its relationship to phenotype. We present initial analyses of the human 4DN, capturing genome-wide structure using chromosome conformation capture and 3D imaging, and f...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1505822112
更新日期:2015-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Proteins need to be tightly regulated as they control biological processes in most normal cellular functions. The precise mechanisms of regulation are rarely completely understood but can involve binding of endogenous ligands and/or partner proteins at specific locations on a protein that can modulate function. Often,...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1518946112
更新日期:2015-12-29 00:00:00
abstract::Various tissues and cells in culture contain a specific inhibitor of DNase I (EC 3.1.4.5). In this paper evidence is presented that this inhibitor is actin, one of the major structural proteins of muscle and nonmuscle cells. (a) The inhibitor is a major cellular component constituting 5-10% of the soluble protein. (b)...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.12.4742
更新日期:1974-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::All extant life employs the same 20 amino acids for protein biosynthesis. Studies on the number of amino acids necessary to produce a foldable and catalytically active polypeptide have shown that a basis set of 7-13 amino acids is sufficient to build major structural elements of modern proteins. Hence, the reasons for...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1717100115
更新日期:2018-01-02 00:00:00