Abstract:
:Poliovirus RNA polymerase requires a host factor to initiate RNA synthesis in vitro. The host factor was previously purified to near homogeneity from HeLa cells but was not assigned an enzymatic activity. This report describes the purification of a terminal uridylyltransferase that can act as host factor. By all criteria examined it is identical to the factor purified previously. It has the same molecular weight (68,000), chromatographic properties, and cellular localization. We present evidence that terminal uridylyltransferase can add uridine residues to the 3' poly(A) end of virion RNA and that these anneal back to the poly(A) and form a hairpin primer for polymerase.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Andrews NC,Baltimore Ddoi
10.1073/pnas.83.2.221subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
221-5issue
2eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
83pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have identified an adenovirus type 5(Ad5) early gene function located in early region 1 which is required for the production of early cytoplasmic mRNAs corresponding to early regions 2, 3, and 4. Mutant dl312 (lacks the segment between 1.5 and 4.5 map units) grows as well as wild-type virus in 293 cells (Ad5-trans...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.8.3665
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three naturally occurring dermorphin-like peptides from the skin of the frog Phyllomedusa bicolor, the related carboxyl-terminal amides, and some substituted analogs were synthesized, their binding profiles to opioid receptors were determined, and their biological activities were studied in isolated organ preparations...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.15.7203
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurotrophins are potent survival factors for developing and injured neurons. However, they are not being used to treat neurodegenerative diseases because of difficulties in administration and numerous side effects that have been encountered in previous clinical trials. Their biological activities use Trk (tropomyosin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0705267104
更新日期:2007-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::Aged rats, displaying impairments in spatial learning and memory associated with marked cellular atrophy of forebrain cholinergic neurons, received intracerebroventricular infusions of one of the four neurotrophins nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), or neurotrop...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.18.8607
更新日期:1994-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::The oscillator of the circadian clock of cyanobacteria is composed of three proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC, which together generate a self-sustained ∼24-h rhythm of phosphorylation of KaiC. The mechanism propelling this oscillator has remained elusive, however. We show that stacking interactions between the CI and CII...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1211508109
更新日期:2012-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Recent findings demonstrated proinflammatory functions of interleukin (IL)-9-producing T helper type (Th) 9 cells in the pathogenesis of intestinal bowel diseases (IBDs). However, also antiinflammatory properties have been ascribed to Th9 cells, pointing to a functional heterogeneity. To dissect the specific expressio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1708329115
更新日期:2018-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro studies have demonstrated that glia can express functional receptors for a variety of neurotransmitters. To determine whether similar neurotransmitter receptors are also expressed by glia in vivo, we examined the glial scar in the transected optic nerve of the albino rabbit by quantitative receptor autoradiog...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.13.5193
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibroblasts cultured from the skin of a patient with metachromatic leukodystrophy have been found to manifest the biochemical defect of this inborn error of metabolism, a deficiency of arylsulfatase A. Diseased cells had less than five per cent of normal arylsulfatase-A activity, while activities of other lysosomal en...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.62.3.887
更新日期:1969-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animal foraging and competition are defined by the partitioning of three primary niche axes: space, time, and resources. Human disturbance is rapidly altering the spatial and temporal niches of animals, but the impact of humans on resource consumption and partitioning-arguably the most important niche axis-is poorly u...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2012774117
更新日期:2020-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Angiogenin, a potent inducer of neovascularization in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane and rabbit cornea, promotes endothelial cell invasion of Matrigel basement membrane. A transformed bovine aortic endothelial cell line, GM 7373, is 5 times more invasive when cultured in the presence of 1 microgram of bovine ang...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.25.12096
更新日期:1994-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Physical forces have a profound effect on growth, morphology, locomotion, and survival of organisms. At the level of individual cells, the role of mechanical forces is well recognized in eukaryotic physiology, but much less is known about prokaryotic organisms. Recent findings suggest an effect of physical forces on b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1909562116
更新日期:2019-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::A hypothetical gene with similarity to the ispD gene of Escherichia coli was cloned from Arabidopsis thaliana cDNA. The ORF of 909 bp specifies a protein of 302 amino acid residues. The cognate chromosomal gene consists of 2,071 bp and comprises 11 introns with a size range of 78-202 bp. A fragment comprising amino ac...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.12.6451
更新日期:2000-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Adenosine deaminase (ADA; adenosine aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.4.4) deficiency is one cause of the genetic disease severe combined immunodeficiency. To identify mutations responsible for ADA deficiency, we synthesized cDNAs to ADA mRNAs from two cell lines, GM2756 and GM2825A, derived from ADA-deficient immunodeficient pa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.16.5947
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contemporary climate change is characterized both by increasing mean temperature and increasing climate variability such as heat waves, storms, and floods. How populations and communities cope with such climatic extremes is a question central to contemporary ecology and biodiversity conservation. Previous work has sho...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0500008102
更新日期:2005-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::While the concept of intercellular mechanical communication has been revealed, the mechanistic insights have been poorly evidenced in the context of myofibroblast-fibroblast interaction during fibrosis expansion. Here we report and systematically investigate the mechanical force-mediated myofibroblast-fibroblast cross...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1910650117
更新日期:2020-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::We explore the question of what are the best ligands for macromolecular targets. A survey of experimental data on a large number of the strongest-binding ligands indicates that the free energy of binding increases with the number of nonhydrogen atoms with an initial slope of approximately -1.5 kcal/mol (1 cal = 4.18 J...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.18.9997
更新日期:1999-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::In biosynthesis of the pancreatic cancer drug streptozotocin, the tridomain nonheme-iron oxygenase SznF hydroxylates Nδ and Nω' of Nω-methyl-l-arginine before oxidatively rearranging the triply modified guanidine to the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea pharmacophore. A previously published structure visualized the monoiron cofa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2015931118
更新日期:2021-01-26 00:00:00
abstract::Spantide (D-Arg1-Pro2-Lys3-Pro4-Gln5-Gln6-D-Trp7-Phe8-D-Trp9-++ +Leu10-Leu11-NH2) was introduced as a tachykinin antagonist in 1984 and has served as a starting point in the design of new antagonists that have proven to be more effective and have exhibited no neurological side effects. The most remarkable and unpredic...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.12.4833
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have postulated that the toxic neuropathies associated with neurofilament-filled axonal swellings have a common pathogenesis, the covalent crosslinking of neurofilaments during anterograde transport. The newly described gamma-diketone, 3,4-dimethyl-2,5-hexanedione (DMHD), is a more potent analogue of the toxic meta...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.15.4979
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I multimer technology has become an indispensable immunological assay system to dissect antigen-specific cytotoxic CD8(+) T cell responses by flow cytometry. However, the development of high-throughput assay systems, in which T cell responses against a multitude of epitopes...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0709717105
更新日期:2008-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::Despite extensive efforts to understand the monogenic contributions to perturbed glucose homeostasis, the complexity of genetic events that fractionally contribute to the spectrum of this pathology remain poorly understood. Proper maintenance of glucose homeostasis is the central feature of a constellation of comorbid...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1519073112
更新日期:2015-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Transgenic pigs were generated that produced human protein C in their milk at up to 1 g/liter. The gene construct was a fusion gene consisting of the cDNA for human protein C inserted into the first exon of the mouse whey acidic protein gene. These results demonstrate that the mouse whey acidic protein gene contains r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.24.12003
更新日期:1992-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The trace metals nickel and platinum, which are not substrates for ferrochelatase and thus do not form heme in biological systems, were found to act similaryl to cobalt, and heme itself, in regulating heme metabolism in liver and kidney. These metals induced heme oxygenase activity in both organs with the peak of indu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.5.1875
更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Homeostasis of intravascular volume, Na(+), Cl(-), and K(+) is interdependent and determined by the coordinated activities of structurally diverse mediators in the distal nephron and the distal colon. The behavior of these flux pathways is regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; however, the mechanisms ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0611727104
更新日期:2007-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of the virus synthesized by each of three morphologically different cell lines originating from DBA/2J fetal liver cells transformed by the anemic strain of Friend leukemia virus in vitro were analyzed. The cells of line G-1 are malignant in syngeneic DBA/2 mice, grow in suspension, and are erythroid in...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.10.5769
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannel (HC) in the mechanosensory osteocytes is a major portal for the release of factors responsible for the anabolic effects of mechanical loading on bone formation and remodeling. However, little is known about how the Cx43 molecule responds to mechanical stimulation leading to the openi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1115967109
更新日期:2012-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Let t --> gamma(t), 0 = t = 1, be a smooth curve in IR(n). Define the maximal function [unk](f) by [unk](f)(x) = sup(0 journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America pub_type: 杂志文章 doi:10.1073/pnas.73.12.4295 更新日期:1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although it is now more than two decades since it was first reported that the imidazobenzodiazepine Ro15-4513 reverses behavioral alcohol effects, the molecular target(s) of Ro15-4513 and the mechanism of alcohol antagonism remain elusive. Here, we show that Ro15-4513 blocks the alcohol enhancement on recombinant "ext...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0600194103
更新日期:2006-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have identified an ATP-dependent DNA helicase activity intrinsic to the human minichromosome maintenance (MCM) complex, composed of MCM subunits 4, 6, and 7 [Ishimi, Y. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24508-24513]. In contrast to the presence of multiple MCM genes (at least six) in eukaryotes, the archaeon...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.26.14783
更新日期:1999-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::The sense of hearing is remarkable for its auditory dynamic range, which spans more than 10(12) in acoustic intensity. The mechanisms that enable the cochlea to transduce high sound levels without damage are of key interest, particularly with regard to the broad impact of industrial, military, and recreational auditor...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1222295110
更新日期:2013-04-30 00:00:00