Abstract:
:Poliovirus RNA polymerase requires a host factor to initiate RNA synthesis in vitro. The host factor was previously purified to near homogeneity from HeLa cells but was not assigned an enzymatic activity. This report describes the purification of a terminal uridylyltransferase that can act as host factor. By all criteria examined it is identical to the factor purified previously. It has the same molecular weight (68,000), chromatographic properties, and cellular localization. We present evidence that terminal uridylyltransferase can add uridine residues to the 3' poly(A) end of virion RNA and that these anneal back to the poly(A) and form a hairpin primer for polymerase.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Andrews NC,Baltimore Ddoi
10.1073/pnas.83.2.221subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
221-5issue
2eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
83pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The regulation of the photosynthetic genes by DNA supercoiling in Rhodobacter capsulatus has been studied by using gyrase inhibitors in vivo and by measurement of mRNA levels of more than a dozen genes. The results demonstrate that the levels of mRNA for light-harvesting (I, II) and reaction center (L, M, H) proteins,...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.12.4209
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aspirin (ASA) triggers a switch in the biosynthesis of lipid mediators, inhibiting prostanoid production and initiating 15-epi-lipoxin generation through the acetylation of cyclooxygenase II. These aspirin-triggered lipoxins (ATL) may mediate some of ASA's beneficial actions and therefore are of interest in the search...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.14.8247
更新日期:1999-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::The requirement for protein synthesis in the mechanism of a circadian pacemaker was investigated by using inhibitors of protein synthesis. Continuous treatment of the ocular circadian pacemaker of the mollusc Bulla gouldiana with anisomycin or cycloheximide substantially lengthened (up to 39 and 52 hr, respectively) t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.22.10862
更新日期:1992-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Of the four major types of Ca channel described in vertebrate cells (designated T, L, N, and P), N-type Ca channels are unique in that they are found specifically in neurons, have been correlated with control of neurotransmitter release, and are blocked by omega-conotoxin, a neuropeptide toxin isolated from the marine...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.11.5058
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thioredoxin-related protein of 14 kDa (TRP14, also called TXNDC17 for thioredoxin domain containing 17, or TXNL5 for thioredoxin-like 5) is an evolutionarily well-conserved member of the thioredoxin (Trx)-fold protein family that lacks activity with classical Trx1 substrates. However, we discovered here that human TRP...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1317320111
更新日期:2014-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Fibroblasts cultured from the skin of a patient with metachromatic leukodystrophy have been found to manifest the biochemical defect of this inborn error of metabolism, a deficiency of arylsulfatase A. Diseased cells had less than five per cent of normal arylsulfatase-A activity, while activities of other lysosomal en...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.62.3.887
更新日期:1969-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5, a rhizosphere-inhabiting bacterium that suppresses several soilborne pathogens of plants, produces the antibiotics pyrrolnitrin, pyoluteorin, and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol. A gene necessary for pyrrolnitrin production by Pf-5 was identified as rpoS, which encodes the stationary-phase sig...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.26.12255
更新日期:1995-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::When long polymers such as DNA are in a highly concentrated state they may become entangled, leading to restricted self-diffusion. Here, we investigate the effect of molecular topology on diffusion in concentrated DNA solutions and find surprisingly large effects, even with molecules of modest length and concentration...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0700137104
更新日期:2007-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::IL-17 is a T cell-derived, proinflammatory cytokine that is suspected to be involved in the development of various inflammatory diseases. Although there are elevated levels of IL-17 in synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the pathogenic role of IL-17 in the development of rheumatoid arthritis remains ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1035999100
更新日期:2003-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Neurobiological theories of awareness propose divergent accounts of the spatial extent of brain changes that support conscious perception. Whereas focal theories posit mostly local regional changes, global theories propose that awareness emerges from the propagation of neural signals across a broad extent of sensory a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1414466112
更新日期:2015-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::Nine subjects were studied by high-speed magnetic resonance imaging while performing language-based tasks. Subjects were asked either to repeat or to generate verbs associated with nouns read by an experimenter while magnetic resonance images were obtained of the left inferior frontal lobe. The echo-planar imaging seq...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.11.4952
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 5' flanking sequences and the intron of the mouse Hoxa-7 gene were searched for regulatory elements that can function in Drosophila. Only the intron is able to activate a lacZ fusion gene in various tissues of Drosophila embryos. This enhancer function requires a cluster of three homeodomain binding sites (HB1-ele...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.24.13884
更新日期:1996-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Malaria infection triggers vigorous host immune responses; however, the parasite ligands, host receptors, and the signaling pathways responsible for these reactions remain unknown or controversial. Malaria parasites primarily reside within RBCs, thereby hiding themselves from direct contact and recognition by host imm...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1316467111
更新日期:2014-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::Porphyromonas gingivalis is the major causative agent of periodontitis, and it may also be involved in the development of systemic diseases (atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis). P. gingivalis is found on and within oral and gingival epithelial cells following binding to surface components of host cells, which serve...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1402740111
更新日期:2014-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation dose rates were evaluated in three areas neighboring a restricted area within a 20- to 50-km radius of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in August-September 2012 and projected to 2022 and 2062. Study participants wore personal dosimeters measuring external dose equivalents, almost entirely from depos...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1315684111
更新日期:2014-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms that enabled primitive cell membranes to self-reproduce have been discussed based on the physicochemical properties of fatty acids; however, there must be a transition to modern cell membranes composed of phospholipids [Budin I, Szostak JW (2011) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:5249-5254]. Thus, a growth-divisio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1120327109
更新日期:2012-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::Normal neural development is essential for the formation of neuronal networks and brain function. Cutaneous T cell lymphoma-associated antigen 5 (cTAGE5)/meningioma expressed antigen 6 (MEA6) plays a critical role in the secretion of proteins. However, its roles in the transport of nonsecretory cellular components and...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1804083115
更新日期:2018-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::A procedure for combined sequential affinity adsorption-electrophoresis has been devised. Its use for the rapid purification of a calcium-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase from bovine brain in high yield is described. In this procedure, proteins bound to a solid phase of calcium-dependent regulatory protei...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.10.4903
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Death of pancreatic β cells is a pathological hallmark of type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the molecular mechanisms of β cell death and its regulation are poorly understood. Here we describe a unique regulatory pathway of β cell death that comprises microRNA-21, its target tumor suppressor PDCD4, and its upstream trans...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1101450108
更新日期:2011-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::The respiratory burst oxidase of neutrophils can be activated in a cell-free system in which plasma membranes, cytosol, Mg2+, and a membrane-perturbing detergent, such as arachidonate or sodium dodecyl sulfate, are all required. Using the technique of preparative isoelectric focusing, the cytosol factor required for o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.3.825
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::X-ray structures of bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase have suggested that the enzyme, which reduces O(2) in a process coupled with a proton pumping process, contains a proton pumping pathway (H-pathway) composed of a hydrogen bond network and a water channel located in tandem across the enzyme. The hydrogen bond netwo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0611627104
更新日期:2007-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::We present whole-genome assemblies of four divergent Arabidopsis thaliana strains that complement the 125-Mb reference genome sequence released a decade ago. Using a newly developed reference-guided approach, we assembled large contigs from 9 to 42 Gb of Illumina short-read data from the Landsberg erecta (Ler-1), C24,...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1107739108
更新日期:2011-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed an in vivo system to engender supercoiled "minicircle" DNA containing a single promoter by using the integrative recombination system of bacteriophage lambda. The resulting minicircle templates allow quantitative analysis of the stages of transcription initiation from a promoter, including synthesis ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.2.472
更新日期:1993-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The induction of hemoglobin synthesis by dimethylsulfoxide in cells infected with Friend leukemia virus has been shown to depend on the number of cell divisions after the addition of the inducing agent. In asynchronous cultures the cells have a generation time of 24 hr, and hemoglobin synthesis occurs after 48 hr in t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.11.4551
更新日期:1974-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have analyzed the level of intraindividual sequence variability (heteroplasmy) of mtDNA in human brain by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and sequencing. Single base substitutions, as well as insertions or deletions of single bases, were numerous in the noncoding control region (D-loop), and 35-45% of the m...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.22.12382
更新日期:1996-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Reinforcement learning models now provide principled guides for a wide range of reward learning experiments in animals and humans. One key learning (error) signal in these models is experiential and reports ongoing temporal differences between expected and experienced reward. However, these same abstract learning mode...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0608842104
更新日期:2007-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Prions are infectious proteins that encipher biological information within their conformations; variations in these conformations dictate different prion strains. Toward elucidating the molecular language of prion protein (PrP) conformations, we produced an array of recombinant PrP amyloids with varying conformational...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0910350106
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mutant (ML 308-22) was isolated from Escherichia coli ML 308, which had lost the normal capacity to accumulate lactose analogs despite an increase in the membrane carrier activity. The exit of thiomethylgalactoside was much faster than normal, accounting for the inability of the cell to maintain high intracellular c...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.65.1.63
更新日期:1970-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The membrane glycoproteins specified by herpes simplex virus are synthesized concurrently with structural viral proteins and accumulate in the cytoplasm and in the membranes lining it. Analyses of free and membranebound polyribosomes, the cytoplasmic pool of soluble proteins, and purified smooth membranes showed that ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.66.3.730
更新日期:1970-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Promoters whose temporal activity can be directly manipulated in transgenic animals provide a tool for the study of gene functions in vivo. We have evaluated a tetracycline-responsive binary system for its ability to temporally control gene expression in transgenic mice. In this system, a tetracycline-controlled trans...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.20.9302
更新日期:1994-09-27 00:00:00