CD44 is not directly involved in the binding of lymphocytes to cultured high endothelial cells from peripheral lymph nodes.

abstract：:Testing of extracts of Toxoplasma gondii (RH strain) indicated that delayed hypersensitivity as manifested by delayed skin reactions and inhibition of macrophage migration was induced only by those fractions containing RNA. ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Lai CH,Tizard IR,Quinn PJ,Ingram DG

更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human neutrophils express Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) at low levels, and the role of this receptor in neutrophil responses to microbial stimuli has been questioned. Genetic manipulation of these cells to enable the study of the role of proteins such as TLR4 in their function is challenging. Here, we show that primary ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Dick EP,Prince LR,Prestwich EC,Renshaw SA,Whyte MK,Sabroe I

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the burden of infectious diseases becomes reduced in many countries, a remarkable increase in the incidence of allergies has occurred. The basis for the rise in atopic disorders as a correlate of the decline in infectious diseases has not been defined. In the present study, we tested experimentally whether prior sy...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Yang X,Wang S,Fan Y,Zhu L

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activated T cells, through the production of the receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) cytokine, have been implicated in the osteoclast development and bone loss that are associated with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. However, the cellular pathways that regulate the expression of RANKL and ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Gendron S,Boisvert M,Chetoui N,Aoudjit F

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The activation of guinea-pig eosinophils was studied by measuring the production of superoxide anion (O2-) and the secretion of eosinophil peroxidase (EPO). Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), calcium ionophore, plasma-activated zymosan, concanavalin A and recombinant human anaphylatoxin C5a induced the release of varyin...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Bach MK,Brashler JR

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among immunological abnormalities present in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals are dysregulation of cytokine production and CD4 down-regulation in both T-helper cells and monocytes/macrophages. The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein 120 (gp120) has the ability to induce different cytokines in p...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Karsten V,Gordon S,Kirn A,Herbein G

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is an important molecule in the down-regulation of T-cell activation. A study was undertaken to evaluate the association of the CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms -319C/T, +49A/G, (AT)(n), CT60A/G and Jo31G/T with the levels of membrane CTLA-4 (mCTLA-4) and cytoplasmic CTLA-4 (cCTLA-4)...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Karabon L,Kosmaczewska A,Bilinska M,Pawlak E,Ciszak L,Jedynak A,Jonkisz A,Noga L,Pokryszko-Dragan A,Koszewicz M,Frydecka I

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Guinea-pig mitogenic factor(s) were found capable of stimulating both normal T and B cells. Preliminary physicochemical characterization could not dissociate the mitogenic factors for respective cell populations. Furthermore, both immune T and B cells could produce mitogenic factors upon stimulation with antigen in co...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Bergenstock RW,Cohen S,Yoshida T

更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nod-like receptors are a family of innate immune receptors that link cytosolic sensing of microbial and danger stimuli to the activation of immune responses. Two Nod-like receptor family members, Nod1 and Nod2, recognize bacterial peptidoglycan and activate immune responses via nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-ac...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Jeong YJ,Kang MJ,Lee SJ,Kim CH,Kim JC,Kim TH,Kim DJ,Kim D,Núñez G,Park JH

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of gut-derived CD4+ T cells in clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the lung was studied by cell transfer experiments. Mesenteric lymph node cells from unimmunized rats, or rats orally immunized with either killed P. aeruginosa or Helicobacter pylori, were transferred to naive rats which were subsequently...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Dunkley ML,Clancy RL,Cripps AW

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoprecipitation of biosynthetically labelled interleukin-4 (IL-4) secreted by activated D10 cells yielded three bands after separation under non-reducing conditions by electrophoresis through gradient SDS polyacrylamide gels. This triplet consists of a closely spaced doublet at 23 and 22 kDa (23/22 kDa), and a thi...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Thor G,Brian AA

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated the potential of CD4+ T cells isolated from Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues) and from spleens and peripheral lymph nodes (systemic lymphoid tissues) to secrete a variety of lymphokines. The results show several pronounced differences in the kinetics o...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Tonkonogy SL,Swain SL

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vitro treatment with Fusarenon-X, a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium nivale Fn 2B, depressed the mitogenic responses of mouse lymphocytes to the T-cell mitogens, phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A), but to a lesser extent to B-cell mitogen, a bacterial lypopolysaccharide (LPS). The in vitro treat...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Masuda E,Takemoto T,Tatsuno T,Obara T

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ultimate outcome of T cell receptor recognition is determined by the context in which the antigen is encountered. In this fashion both antigen-presenting cells and T cells must integrate multiple environmental cues in the form of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, cytokines and accessory molecule signals. The...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Delgoffe GM,Powell JD

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of host-encoded gene products that sense molecular patterns in infectious microbes, and the demonstration of their role in triggering innate and adaptive immune responses, has been a key milestone in our understanding of immunology. Twenty-three years after Janeway first outlined the fundamental concepts...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Browne EP

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a proinflammatory cytokine that is overexpressed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a disease characterized by activation of monocytes/macrophages (MPhi), and by expansion of autoreactive CD4(+) T cells. We hypothesized that IL-15 plays a major role for this expansion of CD4(+) T cells and modulat...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Rückert R,Brandt K,Ernst M,Marienfeld K,Csernok E,Metzler C,Budagian V,Bulanova E,Paus R,Bulfone-Paus S

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The shedding and resynthesis of Fc, C3 receptors, and receptors binding SRBC has been studied in normal peripheral lymphocytes, in lymphocytes from CLL patients and in a Raji cell line during 4 h incubation at 37 degrees. During the first part of the incubation, an increased release of receptors was observed. The shed...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Sármay G,István L,Gergely J

更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intranasal route has been shown to be effective for immunization. However, immunization via this route may require the use of potent and safe adjuvant. The construction of non-toxic mutants of heat labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli (LT), which is a potent mucosal adjuvant, is a major breakthrough for the deve...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Partidos CD,Pizza M,Rappuoli R,Steward MW

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribonucleic acid (RNA) extracts were obtained from lymph nodes of guinea-pigs that had previously been immunized with a purified testicular antigen emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant. The RNA extracts were incubated with normal guinea-pig peritoneal exudate cells (NGP-PEC). After treatment, the NGP-PEC cells sho...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Fainboim L,Sztein MB,Serrate S,Satz L

更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain (IL-2R alpha) is a T-cell growth factor receptor and is known to be induced in helper T cells by infection with human T-cell leukaemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1). The Rex protein of HTLV-1 has been shown to stabilize IL-2R alpha mRNA. Although the 3' untranslated region of many RNA ha...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Kanamori H,Kodama T,Yazaki Y

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the current availability of Salmonella vaccines, typhoid fever remains a significant public health problem in developing countries. A greater understanding of T-cell activation and the development of immunological memory during Salmonella infection should lead to the development of more effective prophylactic ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Ravindran R,McSorley SJ

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dengue virus (DENV) infection causes dengue fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever, or dengue shock syndrome. Mast cells have been speculated to play a role in DENV disease although their precise roles are unclear. In this study, we used mast cell-deficient Kit(W-sh/W-sh) mice to investigate the involvement of mast cells af...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Chu YT,Wan SW,Anderson R,Lin YS

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many experiments have demonstrated that the nervous and immune systems interact in a bidirectional fashion. Neuropeptides, including substance P, have been shown to modulate lymphocyte DNA, RNA and immunoglobulin synthesis in vitro and to play a role in inflammatory and hypersensitivity disease states. However, the ro...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Scicchitano R,Biennenstock J,Stanisz AM

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biochemical analysis of murine Fc gamma RI has been difficult because this receptor is co-expressed with other Fc receptors on the cell surface of myeloid cells and all precipitate together with immune complexes. To overcome this problem and to study cells which expressed Fc gamma RI and only this Fc receptor, sta...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Quilliam AL,Osman N,McKenzie IF,Hogarth PM

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spontaneous regression of AK-5 histiocytoma is mediated by natural killer (NK) cells through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and the target cell death involves necrosis and apoptosis. We have studied the NK cell activation and the associated induction of apoptosis in the AK-5 tumour i...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Bright JJ,Kausalya S,Khar A

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) play an important role in the control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. Following highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), most studies have demonstrated a decline in the frequency of HIV-specific CTL. We analysed the effect of HAART...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Weekes MP,Wills MR,Sissons JG,Carmichael AJ

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of natural cytotoxicity in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of the rat was investigated. Intra-epithelial lymphocytes (IEL) isolated from the small intestine had a similar frequency of cytotoxic and tumour target binding cells as the spleen. However, cytotoxic activity was low in Peyer's patches and m...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Flexman JP,Shellam GR,Mayrhofer G

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:B-lymphocyte maturation is considered to be independent of the thymus. However, there is circumstantial evidence suggesting that it may be impaired in nude animals that lack the thymus. Our study shows that the proportion of immature B-lymphocyte subsets (CD90(high) IgM(high) and CD90(high) IgM(low)) was significantly...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Milićević NM,Nohroudi K,Milićević Z,Hedrich HJ,Westermann J

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD45 has been recognized as an important player in regulating signalling in lymphocytes. However, compared with tyrosine kinases, phosphatases are still poorly understood in terms of the details of their specificity and regulation. Here, the recent progress in understanding the biology of the first recognized receptor...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Holmes N

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anti-human milk fat globule membrane monoclonal antibodies HMFG-1 and HMFG-2 recognize epitopes within the protein core of human polymorphic epithelial mucin (PEM). These have been identified as PDTR and DTR, respectively. Using the solid phase synthesis of immobilized tetrameric peptides, we have systematically inves...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Briggs S,Price MR,Tendler SJ

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00