Abstract：
:Benzophenone-3 (2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, BZ-3) is a UV absorber that is used extensively in medicine, cosmetics and industry as a sunscreen and color fastener. Exposure to the chemical is through the dermal and oral route. Bioavailability of the chemical absorbed through the skin is different from that seen through the oral route. The disposition of BZ-3 was investigated after dermal administration of 100 mg/kg body weight (body wt.) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Blood samples were collected at various intervals and the parent compound and its metabolites were analyzed by HPLC. Absorption was rapid as the parent compound and its metabolites were detected in plasma 5 min post-administration. The half-life (t1/2) of absorption was 3.45 h corresponding to an absorption rate constant of 0.2 h-1. Peak plasma concentration of 35 +/- 4.5 micrograms/ml (mean +/- standard error of the mean, S.E.) was attained at 2.5 h post-administration. Disappearance from the plasma was biphasic with different half-lives (1.3 for alpha phase and 15.05 h. for beta phase), the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve was 211.1 +/- 38.2 micrograms/ml/h (mean +/- S.E). There was also extensive binding of BZ-3 and its metabolites to plasma proteins. Three metabolites were identified in plasma, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (DHB) and 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (DHMB) were the major metabolites detected in the plasma, while 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone (THB) was detected in trace amounts. Tissue distribution studies revealed that THB was the major metabolite followed by DHB (both free and conjugated) in all tissues examined. The liver contained the highest amount followed by the kidney, spleen and testes, respectively.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Okereke CS,Abdel-Rhaman MS,Friedman MAdoi
10.1016/0378-4274(94)90101-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-08-01 00:00:00pages
113-22issue
2eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
0378-4274(94)90101-5journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:To reduce the production of pollutants in motor vehicle exhaust, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and other ethers such as ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) are added to gasoline as oxygenates for more complete combustion. Metabolism of these gasoline ethers is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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更新日期：1996-12-16 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2015-03-04 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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更新日期：2017-11-05 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
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更新日期：2016-01-05 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(94)90036-1
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(89)90086-6
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.11.023
更新日期：2016-01-22 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00279-3
更新日期：1998-12-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Human epidermal keratinocytes which have been cultured were treated with the heavy metal ions of cadmium, mercury, copper and zinc. Cytotoxicity was measured either by protein estimation or by using the neutral red assay. Antioxidants were added in order to find out whether heavy metal-induced cytotoxicity is related ...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(94)90170-8
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death involved in growth control of tissues. It is considered as a cellular suicide functionally opposite to mitosis. It may serve to remove "unwanted" damaged or dangerous, e.g. precancerous, cells. Chemical compounds can interfere with the regulatory network which controls apop...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(92)90233-a
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this subacute toxicity study, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) was administered daily by oral gavage to SPF-bred Wistar rats of both sexes at dose levels of 20, 60 and 180/120 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day for a period of 28 days (for 19 days in the high-dose group). A control group was treated similarly with the vehicle,...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.04.031
更新日期：2009-11-12 00:00:00
