Abstract:
:The majority of hemodialysis patients die from cardiovascular disease. However, the contribution of myocardial infarction to mortality is relatively minor, despite the fact that coronary artery disease is common in uremic patients. Hypertension seems to be the major risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients, although abnormalities of the lipid spectrum, characterized by an increase in triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein levels and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein levels, are frequent in hemodialysis patients. The existence of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy is a serious risk factor for morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. LV hypertrophy can present as a dilated cardiomyopathy or as concentric or asymmetric septal hypertrophy. Loss of myocardial contractility by coronary artery disease or carnitine deficiency can lead to systolic LV dysfunction with a compensatory dilated cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, the presence of a hypercirculation in uremic patients, resulting from anemia, the arteriovenous fistula, or fluid overload, can also lead to a dilated cardiomyopathy. Systolic LV dysfunction occurs when the increase in LV wall thickness is inadequate for the increase in LV radius, which might be caused by increased levels of parathyroid hormone. LV diastolic dysfunction, resulting from an increase in LV mass due to the effects of hypertension or to uremic interstitial fibrosis, can both lead to pulmonary edema and hypotensive periods during hemodialysis and is a severe risk factor for mortality in hemodialysis patients. Therefore, in uremic patients, anemia should be corrected and hypertension adequately treated early in the development of renal failure. Chronic fluid overload should be prevented by adequate estimation of optimal dry weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertensjournal_title
Current opinion in nephrology and hypertensionauthors
Kooman JP,Leunissen KMdoi
10.1097/00041552-199309000-00013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-09-01 00:00:00pages
791-7issue
5eissn
1062-4821issn
1473-6543journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The cells of the renal medulla osmotically adapt to chronic alterations in extracellular tonicity by appropriate changes in the intracellular contents of organic osmoeffectors. The major organic osmolytes are glycerophosphorylcholine, betaine, myo-inositol, sorbitol, and, possibly, taurine. When the concentrations of ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199210000-00007
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, studies in humans have not shown conclusively that low-protein diets ameloriate the progression of renal disease. However, recent trials have demonstrated that, in patients with advanced renal insufficiency, low-protein diets may slow the loss of renal function and defer the onset of end-stage renal dise...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199607000-00017
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review provides an up-to-date understanding of how peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) exerts its cardioprotective effect in the vasculature through its activation of novel PPARγ target genes in endothelium and vascular smooth muscle. RECENT FINDINGS:In vascular endothelial cell...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000579
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a recently discovered neurotransmitter that is extensively localized in fibers innervating vascular and endocrine systems. CGRP possesses potent vasorelaxant effects, and a role for this peptide in the regional regulation of blood flow has been suggested. Although pharmacologi...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199407000-00012
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Disturbances in mineral metabolism are common among individuals with chronic kidney disease and have consistently been associated with cardiovascular and bone disease. The current review aims to describe the current knowledge of the genetic aspects of mineral metabolism disturbances and to suggest dir...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000612
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Obesity, which has reached epidemic prevalence, is now recognized as an independent risk factor for increasing blood pressure. The complex mechanisms of obesity-related hypertension are unclear, but several studies have provided evidence of a hypertensive shift in pressure natriuresis. Excess sympathe...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200305000-00013
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Recent data have highlighted the shortcomings of the usual blood pressure hypothesis in posthoc analyses of randomized controlled trials led in populations at high cardiovascular risk and have emphasized the importance of an increased visit-to-visit variability of blood pressure in predicting cardiova...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32835b489f
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation which contribute to progression of kidney disease and its numerous complications. Until recently, little attention had been paid to the role of the intestine and its microbial flora in the pathogenesis of CKD-associated ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e328358c8d5
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been 6 years since the first reports of the use of recombinant human erythropoietin for the treatment of renal anemia appeared in the medical literature. During this period, erythropoietin has become established as a safe and highly effective therapy, and it is currently being evaluated for other nonrenal types...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199212000-00005
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is an important modulator of renal salt excretion and arterial pressure. An important body of evidence now supports that angiotensin II (AngII) modulates the function of the renal sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC), independently of aldosterone. Here we summar...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32835571a4
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Hypertension is an important risk factor for adverse cardiovascular and renal outcomes particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease. This review compares blood pressure measurements obtained in the clinic with those obtained outside the clinic to predict cardiovascular and renal injury and out...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mnh.0000222700.14960.18
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Sirtuins are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+-dependent enzymes catalyzing target protein deacetylation to modulate cellular metabolism, response to oxidative stress and inflammation, senescence, autophagy and apoptosis. In this review, we provide an overview of recent studies regarding ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000660
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with progressive uremia, dialysis has traditionally been the dominant treatment paradigm. However, there is increasing interest in conservative and preservative management of kidney function as alternative patient-centered treatment approaches in this ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000670
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:While treating high blood pressure in middle age is beneficial in terms of reducing the occurrence of cardiovascular disease, treated and well controlled hypertensive adults still have a substantial excess mortality and reduced survival compared with normotensives. Therefore, identification of the mea...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mnh.0000165893.13620.2b
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The pathogenesis and optimal therapy of renal bone disease remains poorly understood in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dialysis patients. Bone biopsy is thus far the only window into cellular and molecular events in bone. This review will focus on recent insights into the pathophysiology of renal bo...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32835dda01
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of hyperkalemia that increases both short-term and long-term mortality. Historically, managing hyperkalemia has relied upon dietary modifications, augmentation of urinary potassium excretion and enhanced enteral potassium elimination. T...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000320
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mitochondrial enzyme monoamine oxidases A and B are among the major metabolic agents for the degradation of the biogenic amines adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin. The fact that the kidney contains a large amount of monoamine oxidase suggests that the renal effects of biogenic amines might depend in...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199801000-00006
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to explain the rationale and limitations for use of mineralocorticoid receptor blockers (MRBs) for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent studies in animal models of CKD demonstrate that blockade of the mineraloco...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32833ce6d5
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In this review, we discuss how the genetic hypercalciuric stone-forming (GHS) rats, which closely model idiopathic hypercalciuria and stone formation in humans, provide insights into the pathophysiology and consequences of clinical hypercalciuria. RECENT FINDINGS:Hypercalciuria in the GHS rats is due...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000130
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious problem. Understanding an individual patient's risk profile may offer opportunities for prevention or early intervention. The aim of this review is to describe novel nontraditional risk factors. RECENT FINDINGS:The risk of AKI is determined by patient factors an...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000061
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated nuclear transcription factor that regulates many important physiological processes including glucose and lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis, cell proliferation, inflammation, immunity and reproduction. The current review ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e32834de526
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review focuses on recent efforts in identifying with-no-lysine kinase 4 (WNK4) as a physiological intracellular chloride sensor and exploring regulators of intracellular chloride concentration ([Cl-]i) in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). RECENT FINDINGS:The discovery of WNK1's chloride-bindin...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000683
更新日期:2021-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been an increasing focus on renovascular disease, particularly in renal failure, and on the role of renal angioplasty and stenting. Significant improvements have occurred in non-invasive imaging techniques. This review concentrates on the recent developments in imaging that specifically targets the renal art...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200211000-00011
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proximal tubule in the kidney is a main organ for the metabolic clearance of small peptide hormones, and is intensively involved in reabsorption, storage and homeostatic regulation of different vitamins. Recently, the endocytic membrane protein megalin has been shown to bind several smaller peptides, including ins...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-199701000-00005
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elevated serum uric acid is a frequent finding in patients with kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Intrarenal ischaemia, induced by hypertension, increased sympathetic nervous system activity, and hyperinsulinaemia have all been implicated in reduced renal clearance of urate. This frequently results in elevate...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200105000-00012
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Iron deficiency is a major contributory cause to the development of anaemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and thus, iron replacement therapy plays a critical role in the management of this condition. The two main routes for administering iron are oral and intravenous, and there have been a number o...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000436
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our basic understanding of sodium mechanisms provides unique insights into epithelial transport processes, and unusual clinical syndromes can arise from mutations of these ion transporters. These genetic disorders affect sodium balance, with both sodium-retaining and sodium-wasting conditions being the consequence. A ...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041552-200107000-00003
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Several genetic and acquired abnormalities leading to abnormal activation of the alternative pathway of complement have been identified in patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). The purpose of this review is to shed light on how advances in the understanding of aHUS pathogenesis have...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e328365b3fe
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Frailty is highly prevalent in the dialysis population and is associated with mortality. Recent studies have suggested that other dialysis outcomes are compromised in frail individuals. While we do not yet have a consensus as to the best measure of frailty, identification of these poor outcomes and th...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000364
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with severe complications including diabetic nephropathy. With the rapidly rising number of patients with diabetes worldwide, diabetic nephropathy is becoming one of the most common causes of renal disease. Much research effort is being put into how to id...
journal_title:Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MNH.0b013e328345bc1c
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00