Abstract：
:The present study was conducted to examine the effects of d-amphetamine and the designer drugs 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), N-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-3-butamine (HMDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-2-butanamine (BDB), 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl-1-ethanamine (MDM1EA) in the chick embryo and the young chicken. HMDMA and MDM1EA had no effect on motility on day 14 of embryogenesis, while MDMA, BDB, and d-amphetamine decreased embryonic motility at one or more doses. On day 1 posthatch, chickens were challenged with cumulative injections of water or the same drug that they had received in ova. With the exception of MDM1EA, all of the drugs produced effects such as distress vocalization, wing extension, tremor, flat body posture, bursting forward movements, loss of righting reflex, and convulsant-like kicking. Pretreatment with drug in ova resulted in tolerance to certain drug effects and supersensitivity to other drug effects. Furthermore, BDB significantly decreased hatchability, MDM1EA decreased body weight, and HMDMA decreased liver weight. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanism(s) of toxicity in this species.
journal_name
Brain Res Bulljournal_title
Brain research bulletinauthors
Bronson ME,Jiang W,Clark CR,DeRuiter Jdoi
10.1016/0361-9230(94)90011-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
143-50issue
2eissn
0361-9230issn
1873-2747pii
0361-9230(94)90011-6journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Subcutaneous administration of the alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonists, yohimbine and tolazoline, at doses up to 1000 micrograms/kg, had no effect on water intake of female rats. However, when these compounds were administered SC in combination with either the beta-adrenoreceptor agonist, isoproterenol (10 to 25 microg...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(83)90083-7
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A high correlation between alcohol use and smoking has long been suggested by epidemiological data. We examined the potential behavioral interactions between ethanol and nicotine using ethanol-induced motor incoordination as the test response in mice. Effect of pretreatment of various doses of (-)-nicotine, (-)-cotini...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(93)90314-2
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To establish a link between tryptophan (a precursor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) or serotonin, involved in sleep and fatigue) and post-operative fatigue after major surgery. BACKGROUND:There is a link between tryptophan (the precursor for the neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine), and its competitive bindi...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(03)00021-2
更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Accumulating evidence points to the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide as the culprit in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). β-Site amyloid precursor protein (APP)-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a protease that is responsible for initiating Aβ production. Although precise mechanisms that trigger Aβ accumulation remain unc...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.04.007
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pax6 is an important transcription factor expressed in several discrete domains of the developing central nervous system. It has been reported that Pax6 is involved in the specification of subtypes of hindbrain motor neurons. Pax6 homozygous mutant (rSey2/rSey2) rats die soon after birth, probably due to impaired resp...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.07.007
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of cholinergic agents on isolated dentate neurons were studied to characterize cellular mechanisms underlying carbachol-induced 'theta' EEG activity. Carbachol, eserine, and acetylcholine produced a synchronization of slow wave activity (theta) accompanied by depression of perforant path to dentate field p...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(87)90029-3
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of procedures exist for the experimental induction of sodium appetite. With the exception of a low sodium diet, nearly all of these methods are invasive, requiring injections, surgery, or both. In addition to stimulating intake of concentrated salt, some of them produce substantial side-effects like reduced f...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2004.03.009
更新日期：2004-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of autophagy on neuronal damage can be positive or detrimental negative. Through establishing a model of fetal rat cortical neuron hydraulic shock injury, dipotassium bisperoxo (picolinoto) oxovanadate (V) [bpv(pic)] was used to inhibit PTEN at different time points post-injury and autophagy level after ne...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.10.008
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fetal ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) tissue was transplanted into or around the third ventricle of adult Fischer 344 rats to determine if transplanted VMH tissue could reverse the hyperphagia and obesity produced by bilateral VMH electrolytic lesions. Host VMH-lesioned rats received stereotaxic implants of 13 to 19 p...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(90)90291-7
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to determine the organization of coactivation in the arm and shoulder muscles. Normal human subjects made alternate movements of a joint in the horizontal plane, either adduction-abduction of the second finger and shoulder, ulnar-radial deviation of the wrist, or extension-flexion of th...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00952-8
更新日期：2003-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Preprodynorphin and preproenkephalin are protein precursors from which are derived two classes of opioid neurotransmitter peptides. Dynorphin A((1-17)) is produced by proteolytic processing of prodynorphin, and processing of proenkephalin yields the enkephalin peptides. We report here on the isolation and sequencing o...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2004.01.008
更新日期：2004-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Developmental malformations of cortex have been shown to co-occur with language, learning, and other cognitive deficits in humans. Rodent models have repeatedly shown that animals with such developmental malformations have deficits related to auditory processing and learning. More specifically, freeze-lesion induced m...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.11.005
更新日期：2007-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamate afferents reaching the ventral tegmental area (VTA) affect dopamine (DA) cells in this structure probably mainly via NMDA receptors. VTA appears to be one of the structures involved in regulation of hippocampal theta rhythm, and this work aimed at assessing the role of glutamatergic activation of the VTA in ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.06.001
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A computer program designed to be user friendly is described in this report. Two types of calculations are provided: a) determination of free calcium concentration based on known total salt concentration and b) those which calculate total salt concentration required to insure a desired free calcium concentration in th...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(92)90088-f
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and Alternative splicing (AS) were found to be implicated in certain diseases, nevertheless, the contributions of mRNA SNPs and AS to pathogenesis in developing rat brains with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remained largely vague. Additionally, the disease associated with T...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.11.001
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We showed previously that the number and time of spike-wave discharges (SWDs) were increased after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an effect, which was completely abolished by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor indomethacin (IND) pretreatment in Wistar Albino Glaxo/Rijswijk (WAG/Rij) rats...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.03.003
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microtubules are essential for the development and maintenance of axons and dendrites throughout the life of the neuron, and are vulnerable to degradation and disorganization in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Microtubules, polymers of tubulin heterodimers, are intrinsically polar structures with a plus end f...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.06.016
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In brainstem slices of male rats, we examined in single neurons of the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) the effect of exogenous administration of estrogenic (17β-estradiol, E2) and androgenic (5α-dihydrotestosterone, DHT) steroids on the synaptic response to vestibular afferent stimulation. By whole cell patch clamp re...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.05.006
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nagase genetically analbuminemic rats (NAR) were run to fatigue. Administration of branched chain amino acids (BCAA) before exhaustive exercise, resulted in a post-fatigue decreased tryptophan uptake (-22%, p < 0.05) and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) uptake (-29%, p < 0.01) into the synaptosomes isolated from the striat...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(99)00276-2
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endogenous levels of Aspartic acid, GABA and Glutamic acid plus Glutamine were measured in the frontal, occipital, temporal and parietal cortex. Aspartic acid levels were found higher in the frontal cortex than in the rest of the cortical areas studied. GABA, however, had a homogenous distribution among all cortical a...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(84)90142-4
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nine healthy subjects standing upright, initiated small, medium and large (S, M and L conditions, respectively) forward movements of their right (Rt) arm together with backward movements of their left (Lt) arm. They also performed medium-size movements while holding a 3 kg dumbbell in each hand (D condition). Movement...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.05.015
更新日期：2005-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:A microscope-enlarger is described which can be used to produce 20 cm by 25 cm negatives of histological sections at magnifications up to 1,000 diameters, without loss of image quality or reduction of resolution. Standard flat-field microscope optics are used, and the apparatus is adjustable for Koehler illumination. ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(76)90058-7
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endogenous opioids (EO) probably do not modulate endotoxin (LPS)- or interleukin 1 (IL1)-induced fever because naloxone does not prevent its development. Yet, increases in CSF and hypothalamic levels of beta-endorphin have been reported during LPS-and IL1-induced fevers. Since IL1 also reduces the specific binding of ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(85)90210-2
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell-free incorporation of (14C) leucine into protein was 38% greater for cerebral cortical microsomes from 22-day old neonatally thyroidectomized rats compared to littermate controls. In contrast, incorporation by liver microsomes of hypothyroid rats was 33% lower compared to controls, confirming their deficient horm...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(80)90275-0
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method for constructing a simple spike counter from a conventional calculator by taking advantage of the "adding display to memory" function [(M+) key] is described. The modification involves connecting the (M+) key to a dissecting pin and to a metallic notebook binder which is taped on to a transparent plastic shee...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(83)90017-5
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, multi-electrode array recording was used to examine dorsal horn activity following stimulation of primary afferents in a rat dorsal root attached-spinal cord slice preparation. The multi-electrode array probe was placed under the dorsal horn slice and local field potentials evoked by stimulation ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.04.012
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutations in PLA2G6, which encodes calcium-independent phospholipase A(2) group VIA (iPLA2-VIA), underlie the autosomal recessive disorder infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD). INAD typically presents in the first year of life, and leads to optic atrophy and psychomotor regression. We have examined PLA2G6 expression...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.08.011
更新日期：2010-11-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous cytoarchitectural and electron micrographic studies have indicated that the gustatory zone of the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) may contain local circuit neurons. It is known that neurons of the caudal "visceroceptive" NST contain GABA, glutamic acid decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15), and GABA-transaminase (G...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(88)90202-x
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been demonstrated that MK-801 potentiates the effects of the non-selective muscarinic antagonist scopolamine on memory in rats. In this study, we investigated the role of the M1-muscarinic receptor in this interaction, by administering different doses of dicyclomine (DIC) and MK-801 in combination to male Wista...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.07.019
更新日期：2005-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:This study tests the influence of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) on the initiation of horizontal and vertical saccades, alone or combined with a predictable divergence. A gap paradigm was used; TMS was applied 100 ms after target onset. TMS of the left PPC increased the ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.11.007
更新日期：2008-05-15 00:00:00
