Abstract：
:Previous studies have indicated that tooth-bleaching agents contain potentially hazardous chemicals. The present study evaluates the acute toxicity of a commercially available tooth-bleaching agent and carbamide peroxide, which is the active bleaching ingredient. Rats were dosed by stomach gavage, i.e., via a stomach tube, with 5, 15, and 50 mg carbamide peroxide/kg body weight and 150 and 500 mg tooth-bleaching agent/kg body weight, corresponding to 15 and 50 mg carbamide peroxide/kg body weight. Animals were killed after either one or 24 h. Autopsies were performed, and the distal part of the esophagus and the stomach were removed and processed for light microscopy investigation. Liver and kidney were evaluated histologically in animals killed after 24 h. Carbamide peroxide gave dose-dependent ulcerations of the gastric mucosa, with the 15 mg/kg body weight as the lowest observed effect level. The lesions were clearly visible after one h and seemed to be healing after 24 h. The ulcerations of the gastric mucosa were more pronounced after exposure to the tooth-bleaching agent than those observed after a comparable dose of carbamide peroxide. This may be attributed to the hydrophobic gel and the content of a carbopol (which increases the tissue adherence and retards the release of oxygen) in the bleaching agent. No apparent injury was observed in livers and kidneys. An exposure limit based on the lowest observed effect level (15 mg carbamide peroxide/kg body weight) and a safety factor of 100 were established and utilized in a risk assessment which indicated that daily human exposure during a bleaching procedure may come close to or even exceed this limit.
journal_name
J Dent Resjournal_title
Journal of dental researchauthors
Dahl JE,Becher Rdoi
10.1177/00220345950740021401subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-02-01 00:00:00pages
710-4issue
2eissn
0022-0345issn
1544-0591journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Indigenous populations around the world experience a disproportionate burden in terms of oral diseases and conditions. These inequalities are likely due to a complex web of social determinants that includes poverty, historical consequences of colonialism, social exclusion, government policies of assimilation, cultural...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0022034518763605
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten cats were immunized with subcutaneous injections of keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). After it was determined that the experimental animals had developed circulating antibodies to KLH, challenge doses of KLH were administered via the root canal system. The radiographic and histologic findings suggest that antigen-a...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345800590011601
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A single logistic curve was fitted to serial data for three cranial base lengths (S-N, Ba-N, and Ba-S) in 33 boys and 26 girls. Elongation during pubescence plus adolescence is greater in boys than girls for each length. The maximum rate of pubescent elongation occurs earliest in Ba-N. There are no consistent sex diff...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345770560071501
更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The biochemical function, adenylate energy charge (AEC), correlates with the viable count of S. mutans. AEC may be used to estimate the percent viable fraction of bacteria in dental plaque samples. An interactive computer program designed to process the AEC data is described. ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/002203457905800410011
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Temperature elevations were measured in the pulp chamber of full cast crown preparations during impression taking with modelling compound in copper bands. Uncontrolled flaming, controlled flaming, and water heating of the bands produced temperatures of 53, 44, and 41.5 C, respectively. The time involved in restoring t...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (BMSCs) are commonly used in regeneration therapy. The current primary source of BMSCs is the iliac crest; however, the procedure is associated with various burdens on the patient, including the risk of pain and infection. Hence, the possibility to collect BMSCs fr...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034514549377
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study contains the first part of a research project in which the applicability of fracture mechanics parameters to predict failure of a restored tooth was investigated. Fracture mechanics parameters have been used in dental research before, but were restricted to comparative studies between various brands of comp...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345880670060601
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disks of dentin taken from extracted human teeth demonstrated the optical property of the magnification/reduction effect. When images were transmitted from a pulpal-to-occlusal direction, the images were magnified. When the disks were inverted, the images were reduced in size. The images were slightly distorted but cl...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345760550041601
更新日期：1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to manage pain and inflammatory disorders. We hypothesized that gingival fibroblasts actively accumulate NSAIDs and enhance their levels in gingival connective tissue. Using fluorescence to monitor NSAID transport, we demonstrated that cultured gingival fibroblas...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/154405910608500511
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this systematic review and network meta-analysis was to summarize the direct and indirect clinical evidence on the effectiveness of professionally applied and self-applied topical fluorides in preventing dental root caries. Controlled clinical trials with any follow-up duration were included. MEDLINE, PubMe...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034520906384
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new hydroxyapatite ceramic implant material for restoration of atrophic edentulous ridges was tested in a canine animal model. The structure of this material is unique, in that it is produced from the skeleton of a coral, and in that it is penetrated by a uniform network of interconnected pores. Results indicate tha...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345830620021301
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with cleft lip/palate (CLP) have been reported, in some studies, to exhibit an increased prevalence of caries, although the underlying cause for this increase is unknown. In genetically defined mouse models, studies of postnatal sequelae associated with CLP have been hampered by neonatal lethality. Using a co...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034516679376
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Resin luting of all-ceramic restorations results in increased performance; however, the strengthening mechanism and the role of the mechanical properties of the resin are not fully understood. The hypothesis tested is that ceramic strength enhancement is dependent on the elastic modulus of the resin. Three-point flexu...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/154405910708600606
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ATP-degrading enzyme activities in pulps of healthy and carious human teeth were quantitatively analyzed using the bioluminescence method. The patterns of both Ca2+- and MG2+-activated ATP hydrolysis resembled each other. Increased enzyme activities were observed during injured states. ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345810600020601
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In two separate experiments, none of the 14 subunits examined consistently ranked dentifrices similarly to the ranking obtained when the individual rat was used as the experimental unit. Arbitrarily dividing the rat into subunits and then comparing results among these subunits may lead to false conclusions since the r...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345760550032901
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been shown to be a prominent pathogenic factor in inflammatory bone loss. However, knowledge of the mechanisms involved is limited. The role of the SDF-1/CXCR4 (Stromal-derived factor-1 and its unique chemokine receptor) axis in LPS-induced bone loss has not been studied. The aim of this s...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034510379019
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a standard periodontal treatment strategy with consecutive root planings (per quadrant at a one- to two-week interval), re-infection of a disinfected area might occur before completion of the treatment. This study examines, both clinically and microbiologically, whether a full-mouth disinfection within 24 hours sig...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/00220345950740080501
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling has been implicated in the regulation of osteogenesis in both intramembranous and endochondral ossifications. In the developing palate, the anterior bony palate forms by direct differentiation of cranial neural crest (CNC)-derived mesenchymal cells, but the signals that regulat...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034517750141
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The proton probe has been used to map F concentration changes in the enamel of 15 teeth showing clinical evidence of caries. Thin sections through the lesions were microradiographed and measurements made of the surface zone (radiodense) and body (radiolucent) areas. Each section was then scanned with a focused beam of...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345950740111001
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Significant differences exist between human and Macaca fascicularis patterns of mandibular movement during mastication. Macaque patterns display less asymmetry, more uniformity, and limited lateral excursions when compared to humans for mastication of the same food. Different anatomical structures between the two spec...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345780570071301
更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tongue plays an important role in mastication and swallowing by its contact with the hard palate. Using an experimental palatal plate with 7 pressure sensors, and recording jaw movement using mandibular kinesiography, we assessed, in healthy subjects, the coordination of tongue and jaw movements during the entire ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/154405910608500214
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rotational freedom of the implant-abutment connection influences its screw joint stability; for optimization, influential factors need to be evaluated based on a previously developed closed formula. The underlying hypothesis is that the manufacturing tolerances, geometric pattern, and dimensions of the index do not in...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034509341243
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The linear electrochemical polarization method was used to provide quantitative in vitro measurements of corrosion rates as a function of exposure time for Cu-Ni-Mn, Cu-Ni-Mn-Au, Cu-Ni-Mn-Ag, and Cu-Ni-Mn-Au-Ag alloys in artificial saliva. Both Au and Ag additives to dental-cast Cu-Ni-Mn alloys lowered the corrosion r...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345800590040701
更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selective recruitment of periodontal ligament cells to a previously exposed root surface is believed to enhance periodontal regeneration. It has been hypothesized that competition from gingival fibroblasts may reduce the potential of periodontal regeneration. We compared the migratory responses of PDL cells and gingiv...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345960750041401
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies showed that residual compressive stresses induced by thermal tempering retarded the growth of surface cracks in bilayered porcelain disks. The objectives of the present study were: (1) to determine whether thermal tempering by air blasting reduces the length of cracks induced by microhardness indentat...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345960750020301
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine the association between the bone mass (bone mineral content [BMC]) and hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPMs)/molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in 6-y-old children. This cross-sectional study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034515625470
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An infrared spectroscopic study has been made of the development of crystallinity (hopeite) in dental zinc phosphate cements. Crystallization in the bulk of a cement is prevented only by the incorporation, in the liquid, of aluminum which forms complexes with phosphoric acid. The development of surface crystallinity i...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345780570021801
更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Frequent consumption of cariogenic foods and bacterial infection are risk factors for early childhood caries (ECC). This study hypothesized that a short diet survey focused on frequency of foods, categorized by putative cariogenicity, would differentiate severe ECC (S-ECC) from caries-free children. Children's diets w...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/0022034510376543
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Bruxcore Plate (BP) as a dependent measure of nocturnal bruxing activity. As part of a bruxism treatment study, we evaluated 100 nocturnal bruxers for bruxing activity before, during, and immediately after treatment and again at a six-month recall. The first 40 subjects wo...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345890680061101
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pure gutta-percha was heat-treated in a differential thermal analyzer. The high melting form crystallized on cooling when gutta-percha was heated to 70 C or less. Above 74 C, crystallization into the low melting form predominated. Either polymorph can be selectively crystallized by control of the heat-treatment temper...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345770560120301
更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00
