Quantitation of zidovudine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the blood of treated and untreated patients.

abstract：:An Escherichia coli chromosomal DNA fragment cloned on a multicopy plasmid conferred resistance to carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, nalidixic acid, and a number of other toxic compounds. The sequence of the cloned emr locus located at minute 57.5 of the chromosome revealed two open reading frames, emrA and emr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lomovskaya O,Lewis K

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A computational model is presented that can be used as a tool in the design of safer chemicals. This model predicts the rate of hydrogen-atom abstraction by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Excellent correlations between biotransformation rates and the calculated activation energies (delta Hact) of the cytochrome P450-mediate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yin H,Anders MW,Korzekwa KR,Higgins L,Thummel KE,Kharasch ED,Jones JP

更新日期：1995-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:An oligomeric intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of peptidoglycan was isolated from B. megaterium. The oligomer has been identified as [disaccharide(pentapeptide)]12 pyrophosphoryl undecaprenol. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fuchs-Cleveland E,Gilvarg C

更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adriamycin (doxorubicin) was encapsulated in human erythrocytes by means of a dialysis technique involving transient hypotonic hemolysis followed by isotonic resealing. Up to 1.6 mg of the drug was entrapped per ml of packed erythrocytes, with the efficiency of encapsulation being 60-80%. In vitro incubation of the Ad...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Flora A,Benatti U,Guida L,Zocchi E

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Arabidopsis, the two-dimensional expansion of leaves is regulated via the polarized elongation of cells. The ROTUNDIFOLIA3 (ROT3) protein, a member of the family of cytochromes P450, is involved in this process and regulates leaf length. Transgenic plants that overexpressed a wild-type ROT3 gene had longer leaves t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim GT,Tsukaya H,Saito Y,Uchimiya H

更新日期：1999-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The circadian clock is based on a transcriptional feedback loop with an essential time delay before feedback inhibition. Previous work has shown that PERIOD (PER) proteins generate circadian time cues through rhythmic nuclear accumulation of the inhibitor complex and subsequent interaction with the activator complex i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beesley S,Kim DW,D'Alessandro M,Jin Y,Lee K,Joo H,Young Y,Tomko RJ Jr,Faulkner J,Gamsby J,Kim JK,Lee C

更新日期：2020-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:KRAS mutant tumors are largely recalcitrant to targeted therapies. Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of Kras mutant cancer recapitulate critical aspects of this disease and are widely used for preclinical validation of targets and therapies. Through comprehensive profiling of exomes and matched transcriptome...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chung WJ,Daemen A,Cheng JH,Long JE,Cooper JE,Wang BE,Tran C,Singh M,Gnad F,Modrusan Z,Foreman O,Junttila MR

更新日期：2017-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The species-area relationship (SAR) gives a quantitative description of the increasing number of species in a community with increasing area of habitat. In conservation, SARs have been used to predict the number of extinctions when the area of habitat is reduced. Such predictions are most needed for landscapes rather ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hanski I,Zurita GA,Bellocq MI,Rybicki J

更新日期：2013-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we defined the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (PPARdelta) in metabolic homeostasis by using subtype selective agonists. Analysis of rat L6 myotubes treated with the PPARdelta subtype-selective agonist, GW501516, by the Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays revealed that P...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tanaka T,Yamamoto J,Iwasaki S,Asaba H,Hamura H,Ikeda Y,Watanabe M,Magoori K,Ioka RX,Tachibana K,Watanabe Y,Uchiyama Y,Sumi K,Iguchi H,Ito S,Doi T,Hamakubo T,Naito M,Auwerx J,Yanagisawa M,Kodama T,Sakai J

更新日期：2003-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:In the prostate gland of adult mammals, most epithelial cells are in a state of proliferative quiescence. Androgens regulate this effect by inducing cell cycle arrest in the G(0)/G(1) phase. Potential mediators of this androgen-induced proliferative shutoff were identified by means of subtracted cDNA libraries. The ex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Geck P,Maffini MV,Szelei J,Sonnenschein C,Soto AM

更新日期：2000-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Our research addresses the relationship between subnuclear localization and gene expression in fission yeast. We observed the relocalization of a heterochromatic region, the mating-type region, from its natural location at the spindle-pole body to the immediate vicinity of the nucleolus. Relocalization occurred in res...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jakociunas T,Domange Jordö M,Aït Mebarek M,Bünner CM,Verhein-Hansen J,Oddershede LB,Thon G

更新日期：2013-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:[14C]Naphthalene was given orally to rats with cannulated bile ducts and to germ-free rats. Bile and urine from the cannulated rats and urine from the germ-free rats contained no radioactive 1,2-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2-methylthionaphthalene and only trace amounts of radioactive naphthols or naphthol conjugates. Urine of c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bakke J,Struble C,Gustafsson JA,Gustafsson B

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants produce a wide range of allelochemicals to defend against herbivore attack, and generalist herbivores have evolved mechanisms to avoid, sequester, or detoxify a broad spectrum of natural defense compounds. Successful arthropod pests have also developed resistance to diverse classes of pesticides and this adapta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dermauw W,Wybouw N,Rombauts S,Menten B,Vontas J,Grbic M,Clark RM,Feyereisen R,Van Leeuwen T

更新日期：2013-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Aphids maintain mutualistic symbioses involving consortia of coinherited organisms. All possess a primary endosymbiont, Buchnera, which compensates for dietary deficiencies; many also contain secondary symbionts, such as Hamiltonella defensa, which confers defense against natural enemies. Genome sequences of uncultiva...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Moran NA,Degnan PH,Santos SR,Dunbar HE,Ochman H

更新日期：2005-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of enkephalin-like immunoreactivity within the avian retina was studied by immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques with antiserum to [Met5]enkephalin and [Leu5]enkephalin. Formaldehyde-fixed retinae were sectioned and incubated in antiserum to either [Met5]- or [Leu5]enkephalin. Specificity...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brecha N,Karten HJ,Laverack C

更新日期：1979-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alpha-Klotho (alpha-Kl) and its homolog, beta-Klotho (beta-Kl) are key regulators of mineral homeostasis and bile acid/cholesterol metabolism, respectively. FGF15/ humanFGF19, FGF21, and FGF23, members of the FGF19 subfamily, are believed to act as circulating metabolic regulators. Analyses of functional interactions ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tomiyama K,Maeda R,Urakawa I,Yamazaki Y,Tanaka T,Ito S,Nabeshima Y,Tomita T,Odori S,Hosoda K,Nakao K,Imura A,Nabeshima Y

更新日期：2010-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Based largely on studies in xenograft models, lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) has been implicated in the progression of multiple types of human tumors, including breast cancer. Here we examine the role of Lcn2 in mammary tumorigenesis and lung metastasis using an in vivo molecular genetics approach. We crossed a well-characterized...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berger T,Cheung CC,Elia AJ,Mak TW

更新日期：2010-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:We sequenced the genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain YJM789, which was derived from a yeast isolated from the lung of an AIDS patient with pneumonia. The strain is used for studies of fungal infections and quantitative genetics because of its extensive phenotypic differences to the laboratory reference strain, i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wei W,McCusker JH,Hyman RW,Jones T,Ning Y,Cao Z,Gu Z,Bruno D,Miranda M,Nguyen M,Wilhelmy J,Komp C,Tamse R,Wang X,Jia P,Luedi P,Oefner PJ,David L,Dietrich FS,Li Y,Davis RW,Steinmetz LM

更新日期：2007-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipid rafts are important signaling platforms in T cells. Little is known about their properties in human CD8(+) T cells. We studied polarization of lipid rafts by digital immunofluorescence microscopy in primary human T cells, using beads coated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mAbs (CD3/28 beads). Unlike CD4(+) T cells, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kovacs B,Maus MV,Riley JL,Derimanov GS,Koretzky GA,June CH,Finkel TH

更新日期：2002-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite immense variability across languages, people can learn to understand any human language, spoken or signed. What neural mechanisms allow people to comprehend language across sensory modalities? When people listen to speech, electrophysiological oscillations in auditory cortex entrain to slow ([Formula: see text...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brookshire G,Lu J,Nusbaum HC,Goldin-Meadow S,Casasanto D

更新日期：2017-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyloids are often associated with pathologic processes such as in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but can also underlie physiological processes such as pigmentation. Formation of pathological and functional amyloidogenic substrates can require precursor processing by proteases, as exemplified by the generation of Aβ peptid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rochin L,Hurbain I,Serneels L,Fort C,Watt B,Leblanc P,Marks MS,De Strooper B,Raposo G,van Niel G

更新日期：2013-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1000 primary gastric carcinomas, 70 (7.0%) contained Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomic sequences detected by PCR and Southern blots. The positive tumors comprised 8 of 9 (89%) undifferentiated lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas, 27 of 476 (5.7%) poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, and 35 of 515 (6.8%) moderately t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Imai S,Koizumi S,Sugiura M,Tokunaga M,Uemura Y,Yamamoto N,Tanaka S,Sato E,Osato T

更新日期：1994-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with an antisense insertion of a SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA)-type retrotransposon within an intron of TAF1 This unique insertion coincides with six additional noncoding sequence changes in TAF1, the gene that encodes TATA-binding protein-associated...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bragg DC,Mangkalaphiban K,Vaine CA,Kulkarni NJ,Shin D,Yadav R,Dhakal J,Ton ML,Cheng A,Russo CT,Ang M,Acuña P,Go C,Franceour TN,Multhaupt-Buell T,Ito N,Müller U,Hendriks WT,Breakefield XO,Sharma N,Ozelius LJ

更新日期：2017-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:LTRs of endogenous retroviruses are known to affect expression of several human genes, typically as a relatively minor alternative promoter. Here, we report that an endogenous retrovirus LTR acts as one of at least two alternative promoters for the human beta1,3-galactosyltransferase 5 gene, involved in type 1 Lewis a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dunn CA,Medstrand P,Mager DL

更新日期：2003-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:By analogy with receptor-mediated endocytosis, clathrin-coated membrane segments at locations other than at the plasma membrane have been implicated in intracellular membrane transport/sorting. The crucial role of the Golgi apparatus in these processes prompted us to study the distribution at this level of clathrin-im...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Orci L,Ravazzola M,Amherdt M,Louvard D,Perrelet A

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial proteins often localize to distinct sites within the cell, but the primary cues that dictate localization are largely unknown. Recent evidence has shown that positive membrane curvature can serve as a cue for localization of a peripheral membrane protein. Here we report that localization of the peripheral me...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ramamurthi KS,Losick R

更新日期：2009-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:GM54VA human cells transformed by simian virus 40 (SV40) were fused with peritoneal macrophages obtained from three different mouse strains. All 27 hybrid clones studied were positive for SV40 tumor antigen in 100% of their cells and contained human chromosome 17. Human chromosome 17 was the only human chromosome pres...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Croce CM

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this era of unprecedented biodiversity loss and increased zoonotic disease emergence, it is imperative to understand the effects of biodiversity on zoonotic pathogen dynamics in wildlife. Whether increasing biodiversity should lead to a decrease or increase in infection prevalence, termed the dilution and amplifica...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Luis AD,Kuenzi AJ,Mills JN

更新日期：2018-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown that cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs) impair clearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by preventing TNF-mediated killing/death of infected cells. A key question, with profound therapeutic implications, is whether this finding can be translated to the development of drugs that promot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ebert G,Allison C,Preston S,Cooney J,Toe JG,Stutz MD,Ojaimi S,Baschuk N,Nachbur U,Torresi J,Silke J,Begley CG,Pellegrini M

更新日期：2015-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The three members of the Brn-3 family of POU domain transcription factors are found in highly restricted sets of central nervous system neurons. Within the retina, these factors are present only within subsets of ganglion cells. We show here that in the developing mouse retina, Brn-3b protein is first observed in pres...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gan L,Xiang M,Zhou L,Wagner DS,Klein WH,Nathans J

更新日期：1996-04-30 00:00:00