Proximity of the manganese cluster of photosystem II to the redox-active tyrosine YZ.

abstract：:The structure of the adeno-associated virus (AAV-2) has been determined to 3-A resolution by x-ray crystallography. AAV is being developed as a vector for gene therapy to treat diseases including hemophilia, cancer, and cystic fibrosis. As in the distantly related autonomous parvoviruses, the capsid protein has a beta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xie Q,Bu W,Bhatia S,Hare J,Somasundaram T,Azzi A,Chapman MS

更新日期：2002-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) stimulated the phosphorylation of a 28-kDa protein (p28) in the ME-180 line of human cervical carcinoma cells. The effect of TNF-alpha on the phosphorylation state of p28 was rapid (4-fold increase within 15 min) and persistent, remaining above the basal level for at least 2 hr....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marino MW,Pfeffer LM,Guidon PT Jr,Donner DB

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recruitment and evolutionary optimization of promiscuous enzymes is key to the rapid adaptation of organisms to changing environments. Our understanding of the precise mechanisms underlying enzyme repurposing is, however, limited: What are the active-site features that enable the molecular recognition of multiple ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miton CM,Jonas S,Fischer G,Duarte F,Mohamed MF,van Loo B,Kintses B,Kamerlin SCL,Tokuriki N,Hyvönen M,Hollfelder F

更新日期：2018-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The infectivity of cloned hepatitis B viral DNA (HBV) has been tested in chimpanzees to identify a fully functional HBV genome and to assess the risk associated with its handling. Only one of two HBV DNA sequence variants tested was shown to be infectious. "Clone purified" virus of predicted nucleotide sequence was pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Will H,Cattaneo R,Darai G,Deinhardt F,Schellekens H,Schaller H

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neu gene is distantly related to the erbB gene and encodes a cell surface protein that appears to function as a growth factor receptor. To study the mechanisms that caused the conversion of the normal neu gene to an oncogenic allele, we have isolated molecular clones of the neu oncogene as well as a clone of the c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hung MC,Schechter AL,Chevray PY,Stern DF,Weinberg RA

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rifamycin antibiotics, which inhibit RNA-directed DNA polymerase of Rauscher leuckemia virus, prevent the leukemogenic activity of the virus, and the effect of leukemogenesis correlates with the magnitude of inhibition of the purified enzyme. This inhibition of enzyme activity by rifamycin SV derivatives is due to a r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu AM,Ting RC,Gallo RC

更新日期：1973-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Colonization of land by plants was a major transition on Earth, but the developmental and genetic innovations required for this transition remain unknown. Physiological studies and the fossil record strongly suggest that the ability of the first land plants to form symbiotic associations with beneficial fungi was one ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Delaux PM,Radhakrishnan GV,Jayaraman D,Cheema J,Malbreil M,Volkening JD,Sekimoto H,Nishiyama T,Melkonian M,Pokorny L,Rothfels CJ,Sederoff HW,Stevenson DW,Surek B,Zhang Y,Sussman MR,Dunand C,Morris RJ,Roux C,Wong GK

更新日期：2015-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The amino-acid sequence of the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein of bovine bone is presented. The sequence of 43 of the 49 residues was determined automatically on the intact protein and on a tryptic peptide. The remainder was determined by conventional procedures on tryptic and chymotrytic peptides. Resid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Price PA,Poser JW,Raman N

更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the cytoplasm of well-spread cultured normal fibroblasts, actin is organized into a network of cables that run the length of the cell just inside the adherent cell membrane. A diffuse matrix replaces the cables in fibroblasts that have become tumorigenic as a result of oncogenic transformation. We have found a simi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kopelovich L,Conlon S,Pollack R

更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A variety of agricultural plant species, including corn, respond to insect herbivore damage by releasing large quantities of volatile compounds and, as a result, become highly attractive to parasitic wasps that attack the herbivores. An elicitor of plant volatiles, N-(17-hydroxylinolenoyl)-L-glutamine, named volicitin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paré PW,Alborn HT,Tumlinson JH

更新日期：1998-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism by which all eukaryotic cells adapt to the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Inositol-requiring kinase 1 (IRE1) and PKR-related ER kinase (PERK) are two type I transmembrane ER-localized protein kinase recep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou J,Liu CY,Back SH,Clark RL,Peisach D,Xu Z,Kaufman RJ

更新日期：2006-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Agrin is a basal lamina molecule that directs key events in postsynaptic differentiation, most notably the aggregation of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the muscle cell surface. Agrin's AChR clustering activity is regulated by alternative mRNA splicing. Agrin splice forms having inserts at two sites (y and z) in t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： O'Toole JJ,Deyst KA,Bowe MA,Nastuk MA,McKechnie BA,Fallon JR

更新日期：1996-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Prostaglandin E1 and the beta-adrenergic hormone l-isoproterenol stimulated cyclic AMP formation in both nucleated and enucleated myeloid leukemic cells that could be induced to differentiate normally to mature cells by the macrophage- and granulocyte-inducing protein MGI (MGI+D+ cells). Enucleated as well as nucleate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Simantov R,Shkolnik T,Sachs L

更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The epidermal growth factor receptor gene has been found to be amplified and rearranged in human glioblastomas in vivo. Here we present the sequence across a splice junction of aberrant epidermal growth factor receptor transcripts derived from corresponding and uniquely rearranged genes that are coamplified and coexpr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sugawa N,Ekstrand AJ,James CD,Collins VP

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methyl groups placed on varphiXsB1 replicative form DNA by the Escherichia coli B modification enzyme are located in the overlap between fragments Mbo II-3 and Alu I-2, a 61-base-pair DNA segment. Mutations that led to loss of susceptibility to restriction by E. coli B occurred within this segment at three positions s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lautenberger JA,Kan NC,Lackey D,Linn S,Edgell MH,Hutchison CA 3rd

更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A striking and widespread observation is that higher-order folding for many RNAs is very slow, often requiring minutes. In some cases, slow folding reflects the need to disrupt stable, but incorrect, interactions. However, a molecular explanation for slow folding in most RNAs is unknown. The specificity domain of the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mortimer SA,Weeks KM

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn) is a soil fungus that causes life-threatening meningitis in immunocompromised patients and is a facultative intracellular pathogen capable of replication inside macrophages. The mechanism by which environmental fungi acquire and maintain virulence for mammalian hosts is unknown. We hypothe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Steenbergen JN,Shuman HA,Casadevall A

更新日期：2001-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The adrenergic receptors (ARs) (subtypes alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, and beta 2) are a prototypic family of guanine nucleotide binding regulatory protein-coupled receptors that mediate the physiological effects of the hormone epinephrine and the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. We have previously assigned the genes for ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang-Feng TL,Xue FY,Zhong WW,Cotecchia S,Frielle T,Caron MG,Lefkowitz RJ,Francke U

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A small number of facial expressions may be universal in that they are produced by the same basic affective states and recognized as such throughout the world. However, other aspects of emotionally expressive behavior vary widely across culture. Just why do they vary? We propose that some cultural differences in expre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rychlowska M,Miyamoto Y,Matsumoto D,Hess U,Gilboa-Schechtman E,Kamble S,Muluk H,Masuda T,Niedenthal PM

更新日期：2015-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:For an excitable cell to function properly, a precise number of ion channel proteins need to be trafficked to distinct locations on the cell surface membrane, through a network and anchoring activity of cytoskeletal proteins. Not surprisingly, mutations in anchoring proteins have profound effects on membrane excitabil...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rafizadeh S,Zhang Z,Woltz RL,Kim HJ,Myers RE,Lu L,Tuteja D,Singapuri A,Bigdeli AA,Harchache SB,Knowlton AA,Yarov-Yarovoy V,Yamoah EN,Chiamvimonvat N

更新日期：2014-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:An effective metabolism is essential to all living organisms, including the important human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. To establish successful infection, S. aureus must scavenge nutrients and coordinate its metabolism for proliferation. Meanwhile, it also must produce an array of virulence factors to interfere wi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ding Y,Liu X,Chen F,Di H,Xu B,Zhou L,Deng X,Wu M,Yang CG,Lan L

更新日期：2014-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The integrin receptor alphavbeta5 controls two independent forms of interactions of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) with adjacent photoreceptor outer segments that are essential for vision. Alphavbeta5 localizes specifically to apical microvilli of the RPE and contributes to retinal adhesion that maintains RPE co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nandrot EF,Anand M,Almeida D,Atabai K,Sheppard D,Finnemann SC

更新日期：2007-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The sequence of the transforming region of simian sarcoma virus (SSV) has been determined by using molecularly cloned viral DNA. This region encompassed the 1.0-kilobase pair woolly monkey cell-derived insertion sequence, v-sis, and flanking simian sarcoma-associated viral (SSAV) sequences. A 675-nucleotide-long open ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Devare SG,Reddy EP,Robbins KC,Andersen PR,Tronick SR,Aaronson SA

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is suggested that differentiated embryonic cells have a high specificity of molecular constitution as regards the surface layers surrounding their cellular membranes. Correspondingly, specific interface energies may characterize the early contacts between different cell types. The question is raised whether the mor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jehle H

更新日期：1970-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzophenones are among the most useful photocrosslinking agents in biology. We have evolved an orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pair that makes possible the in vivo incorporation of p-benzoyl-l-phenylalanine into proteins in Escherichia coli in response to the amber codon, TAG. This unnatural amino acid was ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chin JW,Martin AB,King DS,Wang L,Schultz PG

更新日期：2002-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutant Escherichia coli strains in which export of the LamB protein (coded for by the lamB gene) to the outer membrane of the cell is prevented have been described previously. One of these mutant strains contains a small (12-base pair) deletion mutation within the region of the lamB gene that codes for the NH2-termina...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Emr SD,Silhavy TJ

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We purified microtubules from a mammalian mitotic extract and obtained an amino acid sequence from each microtubule-associated protein by using mass spectrometry. Most of these proteins are known spindle-associated components with essential functional roles in spindle organization. We generated antibodies against a pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mack GJ,Compton DA

更新日期：2001-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Egg activation is the process by which a mature oocyte becomes capable of supporting embryo development. In vertebrates and echinoderms, activation is induced by fertilization. Molecules introduced into the egg by the sperm trigger progressive release of intracellular calcium stores in the oocyte. Calcium wave(s) spre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaneuchi T,Sartain CV,Takeo S,Horner VL,Buehner NA,Aigaki T,Wolfner MF

更新日期：2015-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaria merozoite invasion of human erythrocytes depends on recognition of specific erythrocyte surface receptors by parasite ligands. Plasmodium vivax merozoite invasion is totally dependent on the recognition of the Duffy blood group antigen by the parasite ligand Duffy-binding protein (DBP). Receptor recognition by...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： VanBuskirk KM,Sevova E,Adams JH

更新日期：2004-11-02 00:00:00

abstract：:We introduce a methodology, fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM), in which the contrast depends on the fluorescence lifetime at each point in a two-dimensional image and not on the local concentration and/or intensity of the fluorophore. We used FLIM to create lifetime images of NADH when free in solution and when bou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lakowicz JR,Szmacinski H,Nowaczyk K,Johnson ML

更新日期：1992-02-15 00:00:00